WorksheetsHuman Development_exam2_Sp23
Total questions: 46
Worksheet time: 23mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Piaget ________________ children’s ability.
a)
overestimated
b)
underestimated
c)
accurately captured
d)
was completely inaccurate about
2.
According to Piaget, during times of rapid cognitive change, children are in a state of ________.
a)
disequilibrium
b)
equilibrium
c)
organization
d)
accommodation
3.
Baby Jennifer is shown a stuffed toy, which is then hidden under a cover. For the first time, Jennifer pushes aside the cover and grasps the toy. Jennifer is in Piaget’s substage of ________.
a)
mental representation (18 months–2 years)
b)
tertiary circular reactions (12–18 months)
c)
secondary circular reactions (4–8 months)
d)
coordination of secondary circular reactions (8–12 months)
4.
At the end of the first year, babies use ________ to direct adults’ attention, influence their behavior, and convey helpful information.
a)
overextensions
b)
telegraphic speech
c)
preverbal gestures
d)
conversational give-and-take
5.
One year old Vera thinks that “cup” only refers to her favorite blue cup. This is an example of what type of common lexical error?
a)
Underextension
b)
Telegraphic speech
c)
Overregularization
d)
Bootstrapping
6.
In Piaget’s three-mountains problem, 3-year-old Madison is asked which image matches what the doll sees. Instead of choosing the image that represents the doll’s perspective, she chooses the image that reflects her own vantage point. Madison demonstrates ________.
a)
an egocentric response
b)
animistic thinking
c)
centration
d)
a nonegocentric response
7.
When presented with Piaget’s conservation tasks, 9-year-old Raphael demonstrates reversibility. This means that Ramon can ________.
a)
focus on several aspects of a problem and then center on just one
b)
think through a series of steps and then mentally reverse direction
c)
order items along a quantitative dimension, such as length or weight
d)
focus on relations between a general category and two specific categories at the same time
8.
When Maia had to learn the state capitals, she grouped the states by region to assist her memory. Which memory strategy did Maia use?
a)
elaboration
b)
organization
c)
rehearsal
d)
taxonomical grouping
9.
In a classroom, Piaget would advocate for the use of
a)
scaffolding while Vygotsky’s classroom would involve discovery learning.
b)
guided participation by teachers and knowledge peers while Vygotsky’s classroom would involve task analysis.
c)
task analysis while Vygotsky’s classroom would involve discovery learning
d)
discovery learning while Vygotsky’s classroom would involve the guided participation of teachers and knowledgeable peers.
10.
Amber can quickly and accurately arrange crayons from lightest to darkest. This demonstrates a capacity for
a)
animism.
b)
centration
c)
seriation
d)
transitional thinking
11.
Which type of thinking involves detecting contradictions and inconsistencies among ideas and attempting to reconcile them?
a)
absolutist
b)
static
c)
intuitive
d)
dialectical
12.
A game show host asks a contestant, “In miles, how far is the Earth from the Sun?” The clock begins to tick down as the audience awaits an answer. This task is best classified as an assessment of
a)
recognition memory.
b)
metamemory.
c)
recall memory
d)
cuedrecall memory.
13.
To improve your memory when studying, you should
a)
overlearn the material
b)
sleep and then study in the early morning just before you go to class.
c)
eat a diet high in carbohydrates before a test.
d)
avoid exercising before you study to prevent feeling too tired to study
14.
A person is more likely to recall a detailed autobiographical memory if the event
a)
was distinct or unique
b)
produced mild emotions rather than strong emotions
c)
was a common one that occurs regularly each year.
d)
had a personal significance at the time it occurred.
15.
What would indicate that Kenneth's free-throw-shooting has undergone automatization?
a)
He has practiced so many times that he does not even have to pay that much attention to make the shot.
b)
He has never seen the behavior before, but he is busy committing it to memory.
c)
He can show someone else how to shoot free-throws.
d)
He now becomes distracted if fans wave banners while he is shooting.
16.
Research on wisdom suggests that:
a)
the majority of older adults possess wisdom
b)
only adults with expertise or life experience display wisdom.
c)
personality and cognitive style have little to do with wisdom
d)
one’s social environment has little to do with the development of wisdom.
17.
Four-year-old Tracy gets into a large box, and the box is now a fort. Later, this box becomes a spaceship. Tracy is engaged in
a)
The imaginary audience
b)
transitivity
c)
pretend play
d)
relativistic thinking
18.
The key to a personal fable is the belief that you
a)
Are being watched by an imaginary audience.
b)
Have an “invisible” friend.
c)
Cannot deal with abstract concepts like philosophy or theology.
d)
Are totally different from everyone else.
19.
According to which theoretical perspective is behavior intertwined with the context in which it occurs?
a)
Bandura’s social learning theory
b)
Neuroconstructivism theory
c)
Piaget's constructivism
d)
Fischer’s dynamic skill framework
20.
Compared to verbatim memories, gist memories tend to
a)
Be less efficient.
b)
Take up more memory space.
c)
Be easier to remember.
d)
Be relied on less as we get older.
21.
Compared to children, adolescents can perform better on a variety of academic subjects, have better reading skills, and better nonacademic decision-making skills due to their having greater
a)
working memories
b)
implicit memories
c)
episodic memories
d)
procedural memories
22.
Tanya explains to a new acquaintance that after high school she went to the local junior college to get a nursing degree. After graduation, she married her high school sweetheart, and they got jobs in a small city close to their families. They bought a house and raised two sons and then took care of their ailing parents. They are now retired and traveling the country in their RV. Tanya has repeated this story multiple times, consolidating it in her memory with each retelling. This story would best be described as
a)
The phonological loop.
b)
A reminiscence bump.
c)
A life script.
d)
Flashbulb memories.
23.
Children whose intelligence quotient (IQ) scores fluctuate tend to come from unstable home environments.
a)
True
b)
False
24.
Which perspective on intelligence BEST reflects individual learning styles and capabilities?
a)
cognitive-developmental theory
b)
Sternberg’s theory of successful intelligence
c)
Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory
d)
Gardner's multiple intelligences theory
25.
One of Carolyn's most endearing traits as a counselor is her exceptional sensitivity to other people’s motivations and moods. According to Gardner, Carolyn would BEST be classified as having high:
a)
kinesthetic intelligence.
b)
intrapersonal intelligence.
c)
linguistic intelligence.
d)
interpersonal intelligence.
26.
Which type of intelligence involves active thinking and reasoning to solve novel problems?
a)
fluid intelligence
b)
crystallized intelligence
c)
primary intelligence
d)
existentialist intelligence
27.
According to John Holland, vocational choice can be reduced to finding an occupation that best matches your personality. Thus, the emphasis is on
a)
joint attention.
b)
a growth mindset.
c)
the person–environment fit.
d)
the learning–performance goal.
28.
Peyton is described as extraverted, agreeable, and conscientious. These enduring aspects that characterize Peyton are called
a)
narrative identities.
b)
Somato types.
c)
characteristic adaptations.
d)
dispositional traits.
29.
Edward grew up in a fairly wealthy family, but he feels little connection to his parents, who are mainly focused on making money and gaining prestige. What is Edward’s likely identity status?
a)
moratorium
b)
identity achievement
c)
diffusion
d)
foreclosure
30.
The last of Abe's five kids has recently gotten married and moved away. If Abe is typical of males at this stage of their lives, he will MOST likely
a)
change careers.
b)
run for political office.
c)
get more involved in community affairs.
d)
focus more on religious contemplation.
31.
Almost all children give verbal proof that they have acquired a basic sense of gender identity by
a)
1 to 1½ years of age.
b)
2½ to 3 years of age.
c)
3½ to 4 years of age.
d)
5 to 6 years of age.
32.
A psychologist states “humans have a natural biological predisposition toward language, but the child’s environment also shapes how they acquire language.” This psychologist appears to hold which perspective regarding language development?
a)
nativist
b)
interactionist
c)
learning
d)
Environmentalist
33.
When Jasmine says, “That song makes me blue.” Her friend Rice says, “You don’t look like a different color to me.” Rice failed to understand that in a certain context the word “blue” in English means feeling depressed. Rice’s comment illustrates a lack of understanding of
a)
morphemes
b)
syntax
c)
prosody
d)
semantics
34.
Six-month-old Emir is sitting in his car seat and repeatedly saying “na-na-na-na.” What is Emir doing?
a)
babbling
b)
telegraphing
c)
cooing
d)
holophrasing
35.
Which statement would indicate that Justin has adopted mastery goals concerning his guitar playing?
a)
“The key is to play better than my friend Danielle.”
b)
“If I can’t learn to play, then I am a loser.”
c)
“If I practice, I will get better.”
d)
“Music is an innate talent.”
36.
At age 57, what will most likely motivate Henry in his job?
a)
the competitiveness of his colleagues
b)
earning a higher salary
c)
promotions and more prestigious job titles
d)
work that is personally satisfying
37.
With regard to personality development, what belief is shared by Albert Bandura and Erik Erikson?
a)
There are universal, age-related stages in personality development.
b)
Biological factors are critical in the development of personality.
c)
Humans are best described in terms of five critical core personality traits.
d)
Personality has the potential to change during adulthood.
38.
The slow-to-warm-up temperament is characterized by
a)
relative inactivity and mild reactions to a change in routine.
b)
relative inactivity and intense reactions to a change in routine.
c)
high levels of activity and mild reactions to a change in routine.
d)
high levels of activity and intense reactions to a change in routine.
39.
Jeff is in the “terrible twos” and his favorite word is “NO,” showing that he has a will of his own. This behavior is characteristic of which psychosocial conflict?
a)
trust versus mistrust
b)
industry versus inferiority
c)
initiative versus guilt
d)
autonomy versus shame and doubt
40.
For teens in more traditional societies that are centered around farming, fishing, or herding, choosing to adopt the adult roles of most adults in their culture without exploration may be the most adaptive path. Thus, teens in these traditional societies are in which identity status?
a)
identity achievement
b)
diffusion
c)
foreclosure
d)
moratorium
41.
Irene has been a secretary for 40 years. Despite her advancing age, her typing skills remain excellent. This is because she continues to practice her typing every day. According to the Baltes’ (SOC) model, which process is most responsible for Irene’s continued high level of performance?
a)
selection
b)
optimization
c)
compensation
d)
orientation
42.
Each society generally has a set of standards or expectations regarding the behaviors and traits that are considered desirable for males and females. These sets of expectations are called
a)
gender role norms.
b)
gender-role stereotypes.
c)
gender types.
d)
gender identities.
43.
The earliest age at which a young child will look longer at males and females performing gender-inconsistent activities is
a)
6 mo
b)
12 mo
c)
24 mo
d)
3 yo
44.
Max, Trayvon, and the rest of the boys in the first-grade class have decided that from now on, boys will only play with boys and never with girls. What are these students demonstrating?
a)
gender stereotyping
b)
gender typing
c)
gender segregation
d)
gender stability
45.
According to research, a young boy would be more likely to tolerate which gender countersterotypic behavior?
a)
a boy wearing a dress
b)
a boy wearing fingernail polish
c)
a boy playing with a toy kitchen
d)
a boy playing with a Barbie doll
46.
Caroline is sad to see him go, but her last child has moved away to college in another state. If Caroline is typical of females at this stage of their lives, she will MOST likely
a)
interview for a job.
b)
focus more on religious contemplation.
c)
participate less in community activities.
d)
deepen family relationships.
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