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Weathering, Erosion, Soil, Watersheds

Total questions: 55

Worksheet time: 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Over long periods of time, deposition may change the Earth’s surface by _____.
a)
forming new land features.
b)
breaking down large rocks into smaller ones.
c)
washing away beaches.
d)
moving topsoil.
2.
The process that breaks down rocks and other materials on Earth's surface is called
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Decomposition
3.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks?  The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place.
b)
makes the rocks last longer.
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks.
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides.
4.
A cliff formed near the ocean.  Which statement best describes how this cliff formed?
a)
Warm air melted the rock.
b)
Sun rays evaporated the rock.
c)
Ocean waves washed away rock.
d)
Plant roots pushed away the rock.
5.
What is the process that picks up and moves weathered rocks?
a)
Deposition
b)
Landslide
c)
Weathering
d)
Erosion
6.
What causes the greatest erosion effect on our beaches?
a)
Waves
b)
Gravity
c)
Glaciers
d)
Wind
7.
Deposition changes the Earth’s surface because bits of broken rock and soil _____.
a)
stop rivers from flowing.
b)
make rich farmlands.
c)
are dropped in new places.
d)
move very slowly.
8.
Which of these is an example of erosion?
a)
Light shining onto a mountain.
b)
Rain breaking down rocks on a mountain into smaller pieces. 
c)
Wind blowing away sediment to a new place on the mountain.
d)
All of the above.
9.
How do plants weather rocks?
a)
During photosynthesis
b)
When roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock breaks.
c)
When the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves, the rock breaks.
d)
Plants don't weather rocks.
10.
Which of the following is NOT a slow change to Earth's surface?
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Landslides
11.
Which of these is the most powerful force of weathering and erosion?
a)
wind
b)
ice
c)
gravity
d)
moving water
12.
Acid rain causes the following type of weathering:
a)
physical
b)
mechanical
c)
chemical
d)
human
13.
Which of the following is NOT a type of chemical weathering?
a)
water
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
ice wedging
d)
living organisms secreting acid to break down rocks
14.
Which of the following is NOT a type of physical weathering?
a)
burrowing plants
b)
ice wedging
c)
plant roots
d)
acid rain
15.
Which of the following is an example of mechanical weathering?
a)
Acidic groundwater dissolving limestone
b)
frost wedging
c)
Paper being burned
16.
What is mechanical weathering?
a)
Process through which rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces.
b)
Rocks are broken down through chemical changes.
c)
Rocks are worn away from acid in plant roots.
d)
Rocks broken down by machinery.
17.
Which type of climate will have faster chemical weathering?
a)
Hot and Wet
b)
Cold and Dry
c)
Hot and Cold
d)
Cold and Wet
18.

Which of the following are processes of chemical weathering?

a)

Ice Wedging

b)

Exfoliation

c)

Oxidation

d)

Acid Precipitation

19.

What are the two agents of mechanical weathering?

a)

Pressure

b)

Temperature

c)

Oxygen

d)

Carbon Dioxide

e)

Acid Precipitation

20.
Which region is shaded in red?
a)
Coastal Plain
b)
Piedmont
c)
Appalachian Plateau
d)
Valley and Ridge
21.
Which region is shaded in yellow?
a)
Coastal Plain
b)
Piedmont
c)
Appalachian Plateau
d)
Valley and Ridge
22.
Which region has sandy, flat land?
a)
Valley and Ridge
b)
Blue Ridge
c)
Coastal Plain
d)
Appalachian Plateau
23.
Which region is known as the "land at the foot of the mountains"?
a)
Appalachian Plateau
b)
Piedmont
c)
Valley and Ridge
d)
Coastal Plain
24.
How many regions are in Virginia?
a)
1
b)
5
c)
3
d)
8
25.

Which region is highlighted in yellow?

a)

Coastal Plain/Tidewater

b)

Piedmont

c)

Blue Ridge

d)

Valley and Ridge

26.

Dominique's father is a coal miner in Western Virginia. Which region does he work in?

a)

Valley and Ridge

b)

Coastal Plain/ Tidewater

c)

Appalachian Plateau

d)

Piedmont

27.

Which region is the furthest west?

a)

Coastal Plain/ Tidewater

b)

Piedmont

c)

Valley and Ridge

d)

Appalachian Plateau

28.

Which region is known for its old, rounded mountains?

a)

Coastal Plain

b)

Piedmont

c)

Blue Ridge

d)

Valley and Ridge

29.

Which region has old rounded mountains that look blue in the sunset?

a)

Blue Ridge Mountains

b)

Coastal Plain

c)

Appalachian Plateau

d)

Piedmont

30.

What region is made up of low valleys and high ridges?

a)

Piedmont

b)

Valley + Ridge

c)

Blue Ridge Mountains

d)

Coastal Plain

31.

Which watershed is number 1 on the map?

a)

Gulf of Mexico

b)

North Carolina Sounds

c)

Chesapeake Bay

d)

All of the above

32.

What watershed is number 3 on the map?

a)

North Carolina Sounds

b)

Gulf of Mexico

c)

Chesapeake Bay

d)

All of the above

33.

What watershed is number 2 on the map?

a)

North Carolina Sounds

b)

Gulf of Mexico

c)

Chesapeake Bay

d)

All of the above

34.

Streams and rivers (river systems) that combine and eventually flow into the a watershed.

a)

Tributary

b)

Wetland

c)

Estuary

d)

Watershed

35.

Which number best represents a floodplain?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

36.

All bodies of fresh water, salt water, ice, and snow that are found above ground are known as ---

a)

groundwater

b)

surface water

c)

glaciers

d)

precipitation

37.

Water stored in cracks and pores below the Earth's surface is called ---

a)

groundwater

b)

runoff

c)

precipitation

d)

surface water

38.

A landscape underlain by limestone which has been eroded by dissolution, producing springs, sinkholes, caves and aquifers.

a)

landform

b)

karst

c)

Topography

d)

Aquifer

39.

A naturally occurring underground hollow or passage, especially one with an opening to the surface of the Earth.

a)

Cave/cavern

b)

Aquifer

c)

Limestone

d)

Stream

40.

Rock that is very likely to easily weather is

a)

igneous - granite

b)

sedimentary - limestone

c)

metamorphic - gneiss

41.

What soil horizon is shown?

a)

Horizon O

b)

Horizon A

c)

Horizon E

d)

Horizon B

e)

Horizon C

42.

What soil horizon is shown?

a)

Horizon O

b)

Horizon A

c)

Horizon E

d)

Horizon B

e)

Horizon C

43.

What soil horizon is shown?

a)

Horizon A

b)

Horizon E

c)

Horizon B

d)

Horizon C

e)

Horizon R

44.

What soil horizon is shown?

a)

Horizon A

b)

Horizon E

c)

Horizon B

d)

Horizon C

e)

Horizon R

45.
THIS HORIZON IS MADE OF DECAYING LEAVES, TWIGS AND ANIMAL REMAINS/WASTES......
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
O
46.

Which layer is the parent material?

a)

Horizon O

b)

Horizon A

c)

Horizon B

d)

Horizon C

e)

Horizon R

47.

What is permeability?

a)

how freely water passes through soil

b)

how much acid is in soil

c)

the size of the soil particles

d)

the composition of soil

48.

What's the composition of soil?

a)

air, water, minerals

b)

minerals, decayed organic materials, rock particles

c)

air, water, decayed organic materials, rock particles, minerals

d)

decayed organic materials, rocks particles, and minerals

49.

What does permeable mean?

a)

Has pores and allows water to pass

b)

Has pores but does note allow water to pass

c)

Something that gives permission

50.

What replenishes/refills aquifers?

a)

a well

b)

a little green elf replenishes it with a hose

c)

when it rains, the water percolates through the ground

51.

What is surface water?

a)

water that collects on the surface above the ground

b)

water that collects below the surface of the ground

c)

water that collects in lakes and streams

52.

The highest level of groundwater in an area, beneath the Earth's surface is called what?

a)

Non-permeable

b)

Permeable

c)

The Water Table

53.

Which factor is most influential in causing mass movement or mass wasting?

a)

Steep gradient

b)

Gentle gradient

c)

Rain water

d)

Gravity

54.
Which watershed do we live in?
a)

Mississippi River

b)

Chesapeake Bay

c)

Mid-Atlantic

d)

Virginia

55.

Which number on the diagram indicates the water table?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

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