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Aquatic Ecosystems

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 1hrs 1mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How do ecologists classify aquatic ecosystems?

a)

Salinity

b)

Depth

c)

Movement

d)

All of the above

2.

Salinity refers to

a)

how many plants are in the water

b)

how many organisms live in the water

c)

how much salt in is water

3.

All are freshwater ecosystems except

a)

marshes

b)

lakes

c)

eustary

d)

rivers

4.
An area in which fresh water from a river mixes with salt water from the ocean
a)
Mangrove Swamp
b)
Estuary
c)
Marshes
d)
Wetland
5.
The bottom region of oceans and bodies of fresh water is 
a)
Benthos
b)
Benthic Zone
c)
Limnetic Zone
d)
Nekton
6.
Which is NOT example of freshwater ecosystems
a)
Coral Reef
b)
Lake
c)
Pond
d)
Stream
7.

Aquatic life is abundant, diverse, and full of sunlight at which zone?

a)

littoral zone

b)

benthic zone

c)

limnetic zone

8.
Two factors that determine where an organism lives in aquatic ecosystem are 
a)
Temperature and sunlight
b)
Neighbors and housing prices
c)
Fish and wildlife
d)
Darkness and tree height
9.

What is at the base of the food chain in the ocean?

a)

whales

b)

plankton

c)

turtles

d)

seaweed

10.
Free swimming organisms
a)
Benthos
b)
Nekton
c)
Amoba
d)
Crustacean
11.
Bottom dwelling organisms.
a)
Plankton
b)
Fish
c)
Mammals
d)
Benthos
12.
An increase in the amount of nutrients in an aquatic ecosystem
a)
Eutrophication
b)
Zootrophication
c)
Overfishing
d)
Swamping
13.
The major abiotic factors that influence aquatic ecosystems include
a)
water temperature and amount of light
b)
plants and animals
c)
water and plants growing there
14.
Organisms in estuaries must be able to survive
a)
frequent dry conditions
b)
high winds
c)
changing salt levels
15.
Salt water is denser than fresh water. What ecosystem is most affected by this fact?
a)
lake
b)
river
c)
stream
d)
estuary
16.
Which is a fresh water ecosystem?
a)
river
b)
estuary
c)
ocean
17.
True of False: The temperature of the ocean water decreases as the depth of the water increases.
a)
True
b)
False
18.
An area where fresh water from streams and rivers spills into the ocean is called an _____________.
a)
plankton
b)
estuary
c)
sargassums
d)
coral reefs
19.

The marine ecosystem providing the most habitat and with the MOST diversity is

a)

sandy beach

b)

rocky shore

c)

coral reef

d)

kelp forest

20.

Where are coral reefs found?

a)

Polar waters

b)

temperate, mid-latitude waters

c)

tropical waters

d)

only near volcanos

21.

The majority of marine organisms are found in

a)

deep ocean waters

b)

shallow, coastal waters

c)

fisheries

d)

none of the above

22.

The arrangement of organisms in the open ocean is determined by the

a)

increase in salt content from shallow to deep waters

b)

size of the benthic zone, where photosynthesis occurs

c)

amount of nutrients and sunlight that are available

d)

distribution of zooplankton

23.

Coral reefs are intricately shaped rocklike structures that are formed as a result of

a)

volcanic activity that is common in tropical marine environments

b)

the gradual accumulation and fusion of skeletons of bony fish

c)

the secretion of calcium carbonate by tiny marine animals

d)

minerals that are washed from land ecosystems and build up

24.

Which of the following is a threat to coral reefs?

a)

oil spills

b)

sewage

c)

pesticides

d)

all of the above

25.

Why doesn’t photosynthesis occur in deep ocean water?

a)

The water temperature is too cold

b)

There is no sunlight

c)

There are not enough nutrients

d)

The salinity level of the water is too high

26.
A long ridge of sand or narrow island that lies parallel to the shore
a)
Barrier Island
b)
Coral Reef
c)
Mangrove Swamp
d)
Salt Marshes
27.
What makes an estuary wildlife unique
a)
They are pretty
b)
They can handle different levels of salinity
c)
They grow to huge sizes
d)
They eat lots of freshwater organisms
28.

Both the arctic and antarctic ecosystems...

a)

have penguins as intermediate predators.

b)

have polar bears as top predators.

c)

have plankton at the base of the food chain.

d)

have large amount of land area with plants.

29.

The picture shows a

a)

coral reef

b)

kelp forest

c)

open ocean

d)

estuary

30.

This picture shows a(n)

a)

sandy beach

b)

open ocean

c)

kelp forest

d)

estuary

31.

Which ecosystem provides most of the world's oxygen?

a)

kelp forest

b)

estuary

c)

coral reef

d)

open ocean

32.

In which ecosystem would we find barnacles, seastars, birds, mussels and seaweed?

a)

rocky shore

b)

kelp forest

c)

coral reef

d)

none of these

33.

Which ocean zone allows plants to grow??

a)

midnight zone

b)

photic zone

c)

twilight zone

d)

intertidal zone

34.
the area between the high tide and the low tide mark
a)
benthic zone
b)
intertidal zone
c)
pelagic zone
d)
abyssal zone
35.
organisms that live on or in the bottom
a)
benthos
b)
neuston
c)
littoral
d)
heterotrophs
36.
the water area between the low tide mark and the edge of the continental shelf
a)
nautical zone
b)
benthic zone
c)
nueston zone
d)
neritic zone
37.
the open water area beyond the continental shelf
a)
oceanic zone
b)
tidal zone
c)
bahyal zone
d)
abyssal zone
38.

MOST sealife lives in the:

a)

Photic zone

b)

Twilight zone

c)

Midnight zone

d)

Deep zone

39.

Phytoplankton are abundant in this ecosystem, because they are buoyant and float in the upper part of the water.

a)

Intertidal zone (high tide)

b)

Ocean (aphotic zone)

c)

Ocean (photic zone)

d)

Intertidal zone (low tide)

40.
This fish pictured is an example of:
a)
Sessile life
b)
Benthic life
c)
Pelagic life
d)
Aphotic life
41.
This fish pictured is an example of:
a)
Sessile life
b)
Benthic life
c)
Pelagic life
d)
Aphotic life
42.
The aphotic zone is
a)
the ocean's dark lower layer where photosynthesis cannot occur
b)
the sunlit upper layer of the ocean where photosynthesis occurs
c)
on the bottom of lakes, streams, and oceans.
d)
where benthos are found
43.
Which zone supports the least amount of life?
a)
photic
b)
aphotic
c)
neritic
d)
ocean
44.

The warm, top layer of ocean water

a)

surface zone

b)

bio-luminescence

c)

deep zone

d)

transition zone

45.

Area of ocean that extends from the low-tide line out to the edge of the continental shelf

a)

deep zone

b)

neritic zone

c)

open ocean

d)

aphotic zone

46.

permanently dark layer of the oceans below the photic zone

a)

aphotic zone

b)

photic zone

c)

surface zone

d)

intertidal zone

47.

the earth's surface from the edge of a continent to the deep part of the ocean

a)

aphotic zone

b)

deep zone

c)

open ocean

d)

continental shelf

48.

What is the main reason of coral death?

a)

Excess Bleaching

b)

Excess Nitrogen

c)

Coral Bleaching

d)

No sunlight

49.

What color does the coral turn when it is bleached?

a)

Blue

b)

Clear

c)

White

d)

All of the above

50.
Zooxanthellae are essential to reef-building corals because they:
a)
Help in the deposition of the calcium-carbonate skeleton
b)
Provide the coral with protection from predators
c)
Provide the coral with carbon dioxide
d)
Provide the coral with protection from predators
51.
What are tiny organisms that float near the surface of the water?
a)
plankton
b)
organisms
c)
abiotic factor
d)
insects
52.
Plankton that uses photosynthesis:
a)
Phytoplankton
b)
Zooplankton
53.
Which best describes the source of oxygen in ocean water?
a)
Oxygen is produced by marine plants in the process of making food.
b)

Oxygen is produced through the exhalations of marine animals.
c)

Oxygen is produced through precipitation falling on the ocean.
d)
Oxygen is produced by nodules on the ocean floor.
54.

All phytoplankton are ...

a)

autotrophic

b)

heterotrophic

c)

meroplankton

d)

macroplankton

55.
Phytoplankton are associated with the photic zone because they rely on the sun for the process of:
a)
Respiration
b)
Photosynthesis
c)
Chemosynthesis
d)
Heterotrophs
56.

Which are there more of, zooplankton or phytoplankton?

a)

Phytoplankton

b)

Zooplankton

c)

Both

57.

Animal members of the plankton community.

a)

Phytoplankton

b)

Meroplankton

c)

Holoplankton

d)

Zooplankton

58.
The population of photosynthetic organisms is higher in the neritic zone and surface waters than in the deep ocean. Which statement best explains the reason for this?
a)
There is more space for plants to grow in these areas of the ocean.
b)
There is more dissolved oxygen for plants in these areas of the ocean.
c)
The availability of sunlight and nutrients supports photosynthetic organisms.
d)
The high salinity and cool temperature supports photosynthetic organisms.
59.
Which statement about oceans is true?
a)
Pressure is lower on the ocean floor.
b)
Water temperature increases with depth.
c)
More photosynthesis occurs in the warmer surface waters.
d)
The colder, deeper waters are less dense than the surface waters.
60.
Which statement best describes how nutrients move in the ocean as a result of upwelling?
a)
Nutrients move from estuaries into the intertidal zone.
b)
Nutrients move from warm, shallow areas to deep, colder areas.
c)
Nutrients move from the neritic zone to the intertidal zone.
d)
Nutrients move from deep, colder areas to warm, shallow areas.
61.
A snaggletooth fish has a glowing lure that extends from its chin to attract prey. In which ocean zone does this fish most likelylive?
a)
bioluminescent zone
b)
intertidal zone
c)
neritic zone
d)
oceanic zone
62.
In what ocean zone do coral reefs grow?
a)
estuarial zone
b)
intertidal zone
c)
neritic zone
d)
oceanic zone
63.
The diagram shows an organism that lives in the ocean.What is true about the organism shown?
a)
It is algae.
b)
It is benthos.
c)
It is nekton.
d)
It is plankton.
64.
Which organism is an example of a benthos?
a)
jellyfish
b)
seal
c)
shark
d)
starfish
65.
A group of students developed a model to represent the different zones of an ocean. Which factor prevents the growth of aquatic plants in the aphotic zone?
a)
absence of tides
b)
absence of sunlight
c)
underwater volcanoes
d)
salinity of water
66.
A scientist observed that the Arctic Ocean had less dissolved oxygen in the winter as compared to the summer. What could be a reason for this?
a)
less salinity
b)
high temperatures
c)
an increase in upwelling
d)
poor phytoplankton growth
67.
a)
Atlantic Ocean
b)
Arctic Ocean
c)
Indian Ocean
d)
Pacific Ocean
68.
a)
Indian Ocean
b)
Arctic Ocean
c)
Pacific Ocean
d)
Atlantic Ocean
69.
a)
Arctic Ocean
b)
Atlantic Ocean
c)
Indian Ocean
d)
Pacific Ocean
70.
a)
Atlantic Ocean
b)
Indian Ocean
c)
Pacific Ocean
d)
Arctic Ocean

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