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WorksheetsCat 1 and 2 Questions
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 20mins
A model of DNA is shown.
Which part of the DNA model is most directly associated with the coding of genetic information?
What components make up the backbone of a DNA molecule?
Purines and deoxyribose
Pyrimidines and purines
Deoxyribose and phosphate groups
Phosphate groups and pyrimidines
A segment of DNA is shown in the diagram.
Which of these identifies the part of the DNA segment labeled X?
Nucleotide
Deoxyribose
Phosphate Group
Hydrogen Bond
Which statement best describes a similarity among trees, cats, and amoebas?
They are prokaryotic organisms.
They are classified as members of the same kingdom.
They have genomes that consist of the same number of genes.
They contain DNA composed of the same four types of nucleotides.
Which property is shared by the cells of all living things?
The cells contain DNA composed of adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.
The cells are surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer and a cell wall made of cellulose.
The cells have chromosomes that are located inside a membrane-bound nucleus.
The cells rely on mitochondria to carry out aerobic cellular respiration.
A model of transcription and a codon chart are shown.
Which amino acid would be coded first from the DNA strand being transcribed?
Phe
Met
Ile
Cys
A partial DNA segment and an mRNA codon chart are shown.
What amino acid sequence is encoded in the partial DNA segment?
Serine ‒ Threonine ‒ Tyrosine
Serine ‒ Serine ‒ Tyrosine
Serine ‒ Threonine ‒ Methionine
Serine ‒ Alanine ‒ Methionine
Which table best compares the events that occur during different stages of the cell cycle?
(5.A 2022)
Normal cells have a contact inhibition feedback mechanism that prevents the cells from replicating when other cells are touched. A diagram of cells with contact inhibition and cells without contact inhibition is shown.
Which statement best describes what will happen to cells in an organism that lack contact inhibition?
(5.C 2022)
The cells will continue to grow, causing a tumor in the body.
The cells will replicate normally, replacing body cells that die.
The cells will replicate until the food supply for each cell is used, causing each cell to die.
The cells will stop replicating once one layer is produced, as other body cells will crowd them out.
The diagram below represents the cell cycle. Click on the part of the diagram that represents the period when the cell is actively dividing and becoming two cells.
In domesticated dogs, hair type is controlled by two different alleles. The allele for wire hair is (H) and the allele for smooth hair is (h).
When two heterozygous dogs are crossed, what percentage of the offspring is expected to be homozygous for smooth hair?
0%
25%
50%
75%
An illustration of how a particular DNA mutation will most likely affect the polypeptide produced is shown.
What type of mutation is illustrated?
Insertion
Translocation
Substitution
Deletion
Which statements explain how a mutation in a somatic cell is different from a mutation that occurs in gametes?
Somatic cell mutations occur in cells that give rise to gametes.
Gamete mutations occur in cells that result in apoptosis.
Somatic cell mutations are maintained in the gene pool.
Gamete mutations are expelled from the gene pool.
Somatic cell mutations are generally not passed to offspring.
Gamete mutations are usually passed to offspring.
Somatic cell mutations will not be expressed by the individual that contains the mutation.
Gamete mutations will be expressed by the individual.
Some angelfish colors are determined by codominance. Possible phenotypes and genotypes of angelfish colors are shown.
Which table shows the expected phenotypes of offspring resulting from a cross between a black angelfish and a black-lace angelfish?
A cellular process is shown.
Which of these is the most likely result of the process shown in the diagram?
Chromosome replication will cease to avoid errors that result in mutations.
Offspring will no longer express traits from previous generations.
Gametes will contain new allele combinations.
Chromatids will have less genetic variety.
When a new mutation occurs in a somatic cell of a sexually reproducing organism, what percentage of the individual's offspring are likely to inherit the mutation?
0%
25%
50%
70%
In Holstein cattle the allele for black hair color (B) is dominant over the allele for red hair color (b), and the allele for polled (P), or lacking horns, is dominant over the allele for having horns (p).What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring of a BbPp × BbPp cross if these alleles sort independently?
16 black/polled : 0 black/horned : 0 red/polled : 0 red/horned
12 black/polled : 0 black/horned : 0 red/polled : 4 red/horned
4 black/polled : 4 black/horned : 4 red/polled : 4 red/horned
9 black/polled : 3 black/horned : 3 red/polled : 1 red/horned
Crossing-over between nonsister chromatids during meiosis is significant in heredity. This process most likely leads to an increase in which of the following?
The expression of dominant traits
number of gametes
The occurrence of polyploidy
genetic variation
A table comparing the characteristics of four samples is shown.
Which sample most likely contains viruses?
(4.C 2022)
Sample 1
Sample 2
Sample 3
Sample 4
Which statement best describes how a virus replicates?
(4.C 2022)
A virus divides into two identical virus particles before infecting the host cell.
A virus enters a host cell and uses the materials from the host cell to produce new virus particles.
Multiple virus particles fuse and form a large particle that breaks apart, releasing new virus particles.
Multiple virus particles break down in component parts, which then reassemble into new copies of the virus.
An illness caused by a certain virus includes fever, rash, joint pain, red eyes, and headache. The virus is transmitted to people by infected mosquitoes. Symptoms quickly occur within three to twelve days after contracting the virus. There is no vaccine for this virus.
Which description best explains the reproductive cycle of this virus?
(4.C 2021)
Lytic, because the virus is transmitted by mosquitoes
Lysogenic, because there is no way to vaccinate against it
Lytic, because of the quick incubation time
Lysogenic, because the virus causes a fever
The graph shows the oxygen consumed by an athlete during different stages of training.
Based on the graph, which process is occurring between minute 5 and minute 10?
(4.B 2022)
Nuclei are building amino acids for energy storage.
Ribosomes are building carbohydrates to increase energy output.
Chloroplasts are using energy to produce oxygen.
Mitochondria are using oxygen to produce ATP.
Which type of movement across a cell’s plasma membrane requires energy supplied by ATP?
(4.B 2022)
Passive transport
Simple diffusion
Active transport
osmosis
Which table correctly identifies how the plasma membrane contributes to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis?
(4.B 2021)
A prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell are shown.
Which characteristic best distinguishes these cells as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
(4.A 2022)
The organization of the genetic material
The location of the cytoplasm
The role of the cell membrane
The function of the flagella
Students created note cards comparing characteristics of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Which set of note cards most accurately compares these cells?
(4.A 2021)
Which statement describes the process of osmosis in an animal cell?
(4.B 2021)
Which statement describes the process of osmosis in an animal cell?
Water molecules move across the plasma membrane until solute concentrations are equal on both sides of the membrane.
Ions move across the plasma membrane until the inside of the cell has a higher concentration of positive charges.
Enzymes move across the plasma membrane until the cell has completed metabolism.
Materials are provided to students to build models of a prokaryotic cell, a eukaryotic cell, and a virus. The materials and the structures they represent are listed in the table shown.
Which material will students use in all three models?
(4.C 2021)
blue yarn
yellow paper oval
purple buttons
orange paper circle
Which labeled viral structure in the diagram above attaches the virus to the host cell?
The diagram below represents a concentration gradient, in which there is a difference in the concentration of a substance from one area to another. If this diagram represented salt water before and after mixing the salt into the water, click the portion of the diagram that represents the salt before mixing.
Which table best compares the events that occur during different stages of the cell cycle?
(5.A 2022)
Which model accurately shows a cell progressing through mitosis?
(5.A 2022)
The diagram shows the major stages of the cell cycle and the percentage of time spent in each phase. Which statement best describes why a cell spends the majority of its time in interphase?
(5.A 2021)
The cell is growing and carrying out processes such as metabolism and DNA replication.
The cell is aging and processes are stopping as lysosomes clear dead cell matter away.
The cell needs time to synthesize spindle fibers to complete mitosis.
The cell needs time to complete cytokinesis.
Scientists determined the total mass of DNA from a sample of animal cells. The masses of equal numbers of cells were taken during three different stages of the cell cycle. Stage I contains cells massed during G1 of the cell cycle.
Which statement best describes the cells during Stage II?
(5.A 2021)
The cells have replicated their DNA, but have not completed mitosis and cytokinesis.
The cells have completed mitosis and cytokinesis without replicating their DNA.
The cells have replicated their DNA and completed mitosis and cytokinesis.
The cells have temporarily exited the cell cycle without replicating their DNA.
When a stem cell divides, it produces two daughter cells. One daughter cell will remain a stem cell, while the other daughter cell will differentiate into a specialized cell.
Which factor will most directly determine what type of specialized cell will be produced?
(5.B 2022)
The size of the cell
The length of the cell cycle
The number of chromosomes that are replicated
The genes that are expressed
Environmental factors typically activate genes in a cell by causing the cell to —
(5.B 2021)
produce identical daughter cells through mitosis
form haploid gamete cells through meiosis
fuse with another cell to increase the size of its genome
transcribe specific DNA segments to mRNA for translation
Normal cells have a contact inhibition feedback mechanism that prevents the cells from replicating when other cells are touched. A diagram of cells with contact inhibition and cells without contact inhibition is shown.
Which statement best describes what will happen to cells in an organism that lack contact inhibition?
(5.C 2022)
The cells will continue to grow, causing a tumor in the body.
The cells will replicate normally, replacing body cells that die.
The cells will replicate until the food supply for each cell is used, causing each cell to die.
The cells will stop replicating once one layer is produced, as other body cells will crowd them out.
During the cell cycle, proteins called cyclins bind to enzymes that send signals for the cell to progress through stages of cell replication. At the end of this cycle, the cyclins degrade to prevent further signaling for the cell to divide.
Uncontrolled production of cyclins will most likely result in —
(5.C 2021)
the formation of tumors
the immediate death of the cell
the transfer of cyclins to other cells
the formation of haploid cells
The diagram below represents the cell cycle. Click on the part of the diagram that represents the period when the cell is actively dividing and becoming two cells.
DNA has to be synthesized (replicated) before entering into mitosis. The section of this graph that depicts when DNA is synthesized is the (a) . Right before mitosis, the cell will go through the (b) phase, attempting to correct any errors in DNA. Move the correct answer to the box.
