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Microorganisms

Total questions: 25

Worksheet time: 1hrs 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

To avoid false-positive staining in the demonstration of AFB, distilled water _____.

a)

should never be used for the rinse steps

b)

must be used before the primary dye/stain is applied

c)

should never be used after the application of the carbon-fuchsin solution

d)

should be used for the entire procedure

2.

Upon observing a section stained with the Kinyoun AFB method, you notice that the counterstain methylene blue has covered or masked the organism being demonstrated you should:

a)

cut another section and start over

b)

don't do anything, submit to the pathologist

c)

run the slide back to the beginning of the procedure

d)

take the slide back to acid alcohol to remove methylene blue, wash with water and retain with counterstain

3.

The most commonly used phenolic compound for reducing adsorbed silver to a visible metallic state in argyrophilic procedures, such as the Warthin Starry, is:

a)

sodium thiosulfate

b)

hydroquinone

c)

sodium bisulfate

d)

uranyl nitrate

4.

From the following, what is the most likely cause of an AFB stained control that gives a negative result?

a)

millipore water was used for the whole procedure

b)

too much heat was used

c)

non-coated slides were used

d)

carnoy's was used to fix the tissue

5.

In order for the Gram stain to work properly, it is important to treat the tissue with a mordant:

a)

before the primary dye

b)

after the 2nd dye is applied

c)

after the 1st dye is applied

d)

in the same solution as the primary dye

6.

The control section containing both gram-positive and gram negative organisms shows only gram positive organisms when stained with the Brown & Hopps technique. This is most likely the result of:

a)

insufficient time in the iodine solution

b)

insufficient time in the Gallego solution

c)

over differentiation with the Gallego solution

d)

improper application of the crystal violet

7.

Acid-fast organisms are seen on a section of lung tissue. The organisms appear to lie out of focus on the surface of the section. This is most likely the result of:

a)

a section that is too thick

b)

poor mounting technique

c)

contamination from the water bath

d)

the nature of the diseased tissue

8.

Upon microscopic examination of gram positive tissue, you noticed that the organism has stained weakly and you also notice traces of mercury pigment. This is most likely the cause of:

a)

the iodine solution step was skipped

b)

a weak solution of crystal violet

c)

too strong solution of basic fuchsin

d)

formalin was left out of the gallego solution

9.

Organisms found on the gastric mucosa of the stomach presumptively the cause of gastritis which are which of the following microorganisms and will be demonstrated with a silver technique:

a)

helicobacter pylori

b)

leptospira interrogans

c)

treponema pallidum

d)

borrelia burgdorferi

10.

After you have performed the Fite's AFB technique for leprosy organisms, you notice that significant shrinkage of the tissue has occurred. This is most likely the cause of:

a)

not using phenol crystals in the carbol-fuchsin solution

b)

excessive blotting

c)

not using a mixture of xylene-peanut oil during deparaffinization

d)

too much heat

11.

The slides exhibit a blackish precipitate after performing a steiner procedure for spirochetes. This is most likely the cause of:

a)

too much heat

b)

not using phenol crystals in the carbol-fuchsin solution

c)

not using a mixture of xylene-peanut oil during deparaffinization

d)

excessive blotting

12.

What color do the microorganisms fluoresce when treated with the Auramine O Rhodamine B reagent?

a)

greenish-red

b)

bluish-red

c)

reddish-yellow

d)

reddish-green

13.

The property of acid-fastness appears to be related to the presence of this substance within the organisms or within the cell walls of organism:

a)

lipids

b)

mucosubstances

c)

polysaccharides

d)

protein

14.

Spirochetes are filamentous bacteria and are known to be:

a)

argentophilic

b)

rod shaped

c)

self-reducing to visible silver

d)

argyrophilic

15.

The pathologist has ordered a Giemsa stain to differentiate a specific bacterium but upon microscopic examination, the pathologist notes that the Giemsa technique did not work properly. What should the histologist do?

a)

inform the pathologist that the Giemsa stain is not used to identify a specific type of bacteria

b)

perform a silver technique, an AFB, and a Gram stain

c)

perform the Giemsa technique again using a new control slide

d)

nothing, it is not the tech's business to question the pathologist

16.

For the Brown-Hopps stain for bacteria, the second differentiator is:

a)

acid alcohol

b)

95% ETOH

c)

Gallego solution

d)

70% ETOH

17.

From the following procedures, which will be best to identify helicobacter pylori?

a)

Truant

b)

Diff-Quik

c)

Fite

d)

Gram

18.

The bacterium Legionella pneumophilia can be demonstrated using this staining method:

a)

AFB

b)

Steiner & Steiner

c)

Gram

d)

Grimelius

19.

The color result for the Kinyoun AFB technique is bacteria are _____ and the background is _____.

a)

yellow/black

b)

black/bright red

c)

bright red/blue

d)

blue-black/

bright red

20.

The purpose of iodine in Gram techniques for staining bacteria is to:

a)

form a dye-lake with primary crystal violet stain

b)

inactivate bacteria

c)

decolorize crystal violet

d)

make the cell walls of bacteria permeable

21.

The choice of a decolorizer for the Ziehl-Neelson stain for AFB is:

a)

aqueous citric acid solution

b)

10% HCL acid in 70% ETOH

c)

picric acid in 95% ETOH

d)

1% HCL acid in 70% ETOH

22.

The tissue section has been over-developed using the Warthin Starry technique for spirochetes, how can you best correct the problem?

a)

cut another section and start over

b)

treat with iodine and sodium thiosulfate, wash and restain

c)

run the slide back to water and rinse with hot tap water for an hour

d)

there is nothing that can be done once the reaction has occurred

23.

Acid-fast techniques act on the condition in which the organism has:

a)

to be excessively blotted for bacterial affinity

b)

the ability to resist decolorization with a weak acid

c)

phenolic crystal abberation

d)

the capability for reducing argentaffin granules

24.

The recommended fixative for tissue suspected of containing spirochetes:

a)

10% NBF

b)

carnoy's

c)

zenker's

d)

bouin's

25.

Insoluble compounds - meaning a layer of crust to form on top of the tissue that will cause the technique to fail - are noted on a microscopic evaluation of a control section stained with the brown & hopps gram stain. The presence of these compounds are probably due to:

a)

perform procedure on frozen sections only

b)

inadequate fixation

c)

omission of mordant during staining

d)

the tissue sections were allowed to dry-out