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U7 Significance Testing Vocabulary/Concepts

Total questions: 68

Worksheet time: 1hrs 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
When performing a test about the population proportion, what distribution would you need to use? 
a)

z

b)

t

c)

chi-square

d)

ANOVA

2.

separates the rejection region from the non-rejection region

a)

rejection region

b)

acceptance region

c)

critical value

d)

test statistic

3.

regions marked by critical values if your test statistic is in the

a)

rejection region

b)

acceptance region

c)

critical value

d)

test statistic

4.

Left tail

a)

Ha >

b)

Ha <

c)

Ha ≠\ne

5.

Right tail

a)

Ha >

b)

Ha <

c)

Ha ≠\ne

6.

Two tail

a)

Ha >

b)

Ha <

c)

Ha ≠\ne

7.

process that uses sample statistics to test a claim about a population parameter

a)

null hypothesis

b)

alternative hypothesis

c)

statistical hypothesis

d)

hypothesis test

8.

statement about a population parameter

a)

null hypothesis

b)

alternative hypothesis

c)

statistical hypothesis

d)

hypothesis test

9.

statistical hypothesis that is the complement to a null

a)

null hypothesis

b)

alternative hypothesis

c)

statistical hypothesis

d)

hypothesis test

10.

statistical hypothesis which has a statement equality with an equals sign

a)

null hypothesis

b)

alternative hypothesis

c)

statistical hypothesis

d)

hypothesis test

11.

A p-value of 0.01 means:

a)

There is a 1% probability that the result occurred due to chance

b)

There is a 10% probability that the result occurred due to chance

c)

There is a 0.01% probability that the result occurred due to chance

d)

There is a 0.01% probability that the result occurred due to chance

12.
In testing hypotheses, which of the following would be strong evidence against the null hypothesis?
a)
using a small level of significance
b)
using a large level of significance
c)
obtaining data with a small p-value
d)
obtaining data with a low test statistic
13.
A level of significance of 5% means:
a)
There's a 5% chance we're wrong
b)
There's a 5% chance we'll be wrong if we fail to reject the null hypothesis
c)
There's a 5% chance we'll be wrong if we reject the null hypothesis.
d)
There's a 5% chance you'll get an A on the test.
14.

When performing a significance test, we're looking for convincing evidence to __________ the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative hypothesis.

a)

refute

b)

dispute

c)

reject

d)

accept

15.

To answer the question, "Is the evidence convincing enough to reject the null?" we can't just look at our sample statistic. Why not? Because samples ________.

a)

are all the same

b)

vary

c)

are too small

d)

affect the standard deviation

16.

A significance test produces a _______ that accounts for the variability in sampling.

a)

z-score

b)

critical value

c)

t*-value

d)

p-value

17.

Small p-values mean that our sample was very unlikely if the null hypothesis is true. Therefore, small p-values are ________________ that the null hypothesis is wrong.

a)

convincing evidence

b)

believable proof

c)

reliable information

d)

justifiable inference

18.

Whatever probability we choose as the cutoff for what is small is what we call the ____________________.

a)

importance level

b)

significance level

c)

meaningfulness level

d)

insightfulness level

19.

The symbol for the significance level is ____.

a)

α\alpha

b)

θ\theta

c)

π\pi

d)

μ\mu

20.

If p-value < α\alpha  , then the sample is unusual if the null is correct, so we ______ the null and have convincing evidence that the alternative is true, and the results are ___________. 

a)

fail to reject, statistically significant

b)

reject, statistically significant

c)

fail to reject, not statistically significant

d)

reject, not statistically significant

21.

If the p-value > α\alpha  , then the sample is not unusual if the null is true, so we ______ the null, so there is not convincing evidence that the alternative hypothesis is true, so the results are ________. 


a)

fail to reject, not statistically significant

b)

fail to reject, statistically significant

c)

reject, not statistically significant

d)

reject, statistically significant

22.

Lumber companies dry freshly cut wood in kilns before selling it. A certain percentage of boards develop cracks on their ends during drying. The current drying procedure is known to produce cracks in 16% of boards. The drying supervisor wants to try a new method that she believes will result in a proportion of cracked boards that is less than 16%.

Write the appropriate hypotheses.

a)

Ho: p = 0.16

Ha: p = 0.16

b)

Ho: p = 0.16

Ha: p ≠\ne 0.16

c)

Ho: p = 0.16

Ha: p > 0.16

d)

Ho: p = 0.16

Ha: p < 0.16

23.

When p-value is greater than alpha we:

a)

Reject Ho

b)

Fail to reject Ha

c)

Fail to reject Ho

d)

Reject Ha

24.

Suppose the P-value for a hypothesis test is 0.0304. Using a = 0.05, what is the appropriate conclusion?

a)

a) Reject the null hypothesis

b)

b) Reject the alternative hypothesis

c)

c) Fail to reject the null hypothesis

d)

d) Fail to reject the alternative hypothesis

25.
In a hypothesis test, the alternative hypothesis is always a statement of equality. 
a)
True
b)
False
26.

In a random sample of 1000 adult Americans, only 430 could name at least one justice who is currently serving on the US Supreme Court. A claim is that fewer than half of adult Americans can name at least one justice who is currently serving on the US Supreme Court. State the null hypothesis.

a)

Ho: p <.5, where p is the true proportion of Americans who can name one justice currently serving.

b)

Ho:p >.5 where p is the true proportion of Americans who can name one justice currently serving.

c)

Ho:p =.5 where p is the true proportion of Americans who can name one justice currently serving.

27.

In a random sample of 1000 adult Americans, only 430 could name at least one justice who is currently serving on the US Supreme Court. A claim is that fewer than half of adult Americans can name at least one justice who is currently serving on the US Supreme Court. State the alternative hypothesis.

a)

Ha: p=.5, where p is the true proportion of Americans who can name one justice currently serving.

b)

Ha: p>.5, where p is the true proportion of Americans who can name one justice currently serving.

c)

Ha: p<.5, where p is the true proportion of Americans who can name one justice currently serving.

28.
A P-value indicates:
a)
the probability that the null hypothesis is true
b)
the probability that the alternative hypothesis is true
c)
the probability of obtaining the results (or one more extreme) if the null hypothesis is true
d)
probability of a Type I error
29.

The null and alternative hypothesis can be the same.

a)

Yes

b)

No

c)

Maybe

d)

All the above

30.

Whatever probability we choose as the cutoff for what is small is what we call the ____________________.

a)

importance level

b)

significance level

c)

meaningfulness level

d)

insightfulness level

31.
What is the name of the claim we are trying to find evidence against?
a)
null hypothesis
b)
alternative hypothesis
c)
margin of error
d)
point estimate
32.
What is it called when something is unlikely to happen by chance alone?
a)
statistically significant
b)
alpha
c)
confidence level
d)
probability
33.

What is the SYMBOL for the NULL HYPOTHESIS?

a)

H0H_0  

b)

H1H_1  

c)

α\alpha  

d)

None of these

34.

What is the SYMBOL for the ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS?

a)

H0H_0  

b)

H1H_1  

c)

α\alpha  

d)

None of these

35.

What is the FORMULA for the ONE SAMPLE tt  -TEST?

a)

t=x‾−pσnt=\frac{\overline{x}-p}{\frac{\sigma}{\sqrt[]{n}}}  

b)

t=x‾−μsnt=\frac{\overline{x}-\mu}{\frac{s}{\sqrt[]{n}}}  

c)

z=x‾1−x‾2σ12n1+σ22n2z=\frac{\overline{x}_1-\overline{x}_2}{\sqrt[]{\frac{\sigma_1^2}{n_1}+\frac{\sigma_2^2}{n_2}}}  

d)

None of these

36.

When should you use the t-test? (select all that apply)

a)

When you are testing a proportion/percentage of a population

b)

When you are testing for a mean

c)

When you are given the population standard deviation

d)

When you are ONLY given the sample standard deviation

37.
A z-score value in critical region means that you should reject the null hypothesis.
a)
True
b)
False
38.

Which of these are statistical hypotheses?

a)

Null hypothesis

b)

Test hypothesis

c)

Significance hypothesis

d)

Alternative hypothesis

39.
In a research report, the term "significant" is used when the null hypothesis is rejected.
a)
True
b)
False
40.

mark ALL that apply

a)

This is a LEFT tail test

b)

This is a RIGHT tail test

c)

This has a significance level of 0.05

d)

This has a critical value of 1.645

e)

This has a critical value of -1.645

41.

You are given the following test statistics below, determine which of the test statistics would allow for you to REJECT the NULL hypothesis

(mark as many as apply)

a)

1.7

b)

-1.7

c)

-1.5

d)

1.5

e)

0.05

42.

You are given the following test statistics below, determine which of the test statistics would cause you to FAIL to REJECT the NULL hypothesis

(mark as many as apply)

a)

1.7

b)

-1.7

c)

-1.5

d)

1.5

e)

0.05

43.

Mark all that apply

a)

this has a significance level of 0.09

b)

this has a significance level of 0.18

c)

this is two tail test

d)

the confidence level is 18%

44.
A two-tailed test with n = 41 has a test statistic z = 1.56. Which is the correct p-value?
a)
0.0594
b)
Between 0.10 and 0.15
c)
Between 0.050 and 0.075
d)
0.1188
45.
A left-tailed test with n = 41 has a test statistic t = 2.72. Which is the correct p-value?
a)
0.0033
b)
Between 0.0005 and 0.005
c)
Between 0.010 and 0.0010
d)
0.9967
46.

It is the degree of assurance or certainty that a particular statistical statement is correct under specified conditions.

a)

Area of Rejection

b)

Hypothesis Testing

c)

Level of Confidence

d)

Alternative Hypothesis

47.

It is the degree of uncertainty or doubtfulness about the statistical statement under the same conditions. Usually, the researcher uses a 1 to 10%.

a)

Area of Rejection

b)

Hypothesis Testing

c)

Level of Significance

d)

Alternative Hypothesis

48.

If the result of a statistical computation is Ha  ≠\ne  0, the test is called ________.

a)

two-tailed test

b)

interval

c)

unidirectional test

d)

optional

49.

There are at most ___________ possible critical regions in a hypothesis testing.

a)

one

b)

two

c)

three

d)

four

50.

It is the center of the normal curve.

a)

mean

b)

standard deviation

c)

variance

d)

proportion

51.
A random sample of 49 medical doctors in LA showed that they worked an average of 53.1 hours/week with a standard deviation of 7.2 hours/week.  If the California average is 60 hours/week, does this give evidence that the LA doctors work significantly less than the rest of California?
a)
1 sample t-test
b)
2 sample t-test
c)
1 proportion z-test
d)
2 proportion z-test
52.
The football coach thinks about half his players are skipping leg day in the gym.  He follows 10 of his players around for a week, he found that 6 of them skipped leg day in the gym.  Does this give evidence that over half of his students are skipping leg day?
a)
1 sample t-test
b)
1 proportion z-test
c)
2 sample t-test
d)
chi-squared test for independence
53.

A left-tailed test has a test statistic of z = -2.72. Which is the correct p-value?

a)

0.0033

b)

0.0048

c)

0.0096

d)

0.0066

54.

A test is made of H0 :µ = 17 versus H1 :µ < 17 is performed using α = 0.01 significance level. The value of the test statistic is z = -2.68.


Is H0 rejected?

a)

Yes

b)

No

55.

A test is made of H0 : µ = 50 versus H1 : µ ≠\ne 50 is performed using α = 0.01 significance level. The value of the test statistic is z = 1.23.

Is H0 rejected?

a)

Yes; reject H0

b)

No; fail to reject H0

56.

A probability value is compared to a significance level to make a decision in hypothesis testing.

a)

True

b)

False

57.

In a test of hypothesis, a test statistic is computed from the sample data.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

58.

In a two-tailed test, the rejection region is split and placed in both tails of the sampling distribution.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

59.

Which of the following is the formula for degrees of freedom in a t-distribution?

a)

df = n - 1

b)

df = k - 1

c)

df = n - 2

d)

df = (r - 1)(c - 1)

e)

this type of distribution does not require degrees of freedom

60.

Which of the following is the formula for degrees of freedom in a z-distribution?

a)

df = n - 1

b)

df = k - 1

c)

df = n - 2

d)

df = (r - 1)(c - 1)

e)

this type of distribution does not require degrees of freedom

61.

When performing a test about the population proportion, what distribution would you need to use?

a)

z-test

b)

t-test

62.

When performing a test about means where the population standard deviation is unknown, what distribution would you need to use?

a)

z-test

b)

t-test

63.

What would the degrees of freedom be if you conducted an experiment to determine if a single dice was weighted?

a)

1

b)

6

c)

5

d)

95

64.

As your sample size of an experiment increases, what should happen to the p-value of the data?

a)

It will increase

b)

It will decrease

c)

It will remain constant

65.

How do you know when to use a z-test?

a)

When population is known

b)

When population standard deviation is known

c)

When standard deviation is known

d)

When population standard deviation is unknown

66.

A research center claims that at least 27% of U.S. adults think that the IRS will audit their taxes.  In a random sample of 1000 U.S. adults in a recent year, 23% say they are concerned that the IRS will audit their taxes. What is your number of successes?

a)

230

b)

23

c)

270

d)

1000

67.

A researcher reports that the average IQ level of students in Davao Oriental Regional Science High School (DORSHSHS) is 100. A sample of 20 students has a mean IQ level of 105 with a standard deviation of 8. In testing the claim that the IQ level of students in DORSHS is 100, at 5% level of significance, what the parameter to be tested?

a)

μ\mu

b)

σ\sigma

c)

σ2\sigma^2

d)

pp

68.

Find the P-value and make a decision based on the given z-score and level of significance. Right tailed, z=1.98, α\alpha  =0.05.  

a)

P=0.239; Reject HoH_o   

b)

P=0.239; Fail to reject  HoH_o  

c)

P=0.123; Reject  HoH_o  

d)

P=0.123; Fail to reject  HoH_o  

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