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8.E.1.1

Total questions: 69

Worksheet time: 1hrs 16mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The graph shows the distribution of the freshwater resources of Earth. Which of these sources of fresh water corresponds to Source 1? (a)  

Choose from the below words
frozen water
atmospheric water
surface water
groundwater
2.

The map shows bodies of water associated with North America. Which of the following bodies of water shown on the map would leave a salty layer on your skin if you swam in it? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Baffin Bay
Lake Winnipeg
Rio Grande River
St. Lawrence Seaway
3.

The water cycle has no beginning or end, but it has an order. Which of the following are the MOST likely ways that water would move through the water cycle?

a)

3 and 4

b)

1 and 2

c)

2 and 3

d)

4 and 1

4.

Which two statements in the table are true about the changing salt concentrations of ocean water?

a)

1 and 3

b)

1 and 4

c)

2 and 3

d)

2 and 4

5.

The map shows the estimated depth of groundwater for areas of the African continent. The depths are described in meters below ground level (mbgl). In which area on the map would it be easiest for a village to use groundwater as a source of drinking water?

a)

Area C

b)

Area A

c)

Area B

d)

Area D

6.

The figure shows how water is distributed on Earth. Which of the following contains the largest percentage of Earth’s fresh water? (a)  

Choose from the below words
glaciers and ice caps
lakes
groundwater
ground ice and permafrost
7.

The figure below shows the average water speeds in four sections of a river. The speeds are expressed in centimeters per second (cm/s). Which section would MOST likely be able to move the largest particles?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

8.

This river system includes bluffs, a floodplain, and a river. Which set of terms correctly lists the areas, from MOST likely wettest to driest?

a)

river, floodplain, bluffs

b)

bluffs, river, floodplain

c)

bluffs, floodplain, river

d)

river, bluffs, floodplain

9.

The figure shows a cross section of the land beneath a river from the source to the mouth. Which feature of the river would be seen at the knickpoint?

a)

waterfall

b)

headwaters

c)

tributary

d)

delta

10.

The Ohio, Missouri, and Arkansas Rivers flow into the Mississippi River. Which term describes the Ohio, Missouri, and Arkansas Rivers? (a)  

Choose from the below words
tributaries
watersheds
divides
deltas
11.

The model shows how water flows in two drainage basins. Identify the labeled features in the drainage basin on the left.

a)

1—divide; 2—tributaries; 3—parent river

b)

1—watershed; 2—parent rivers; 3—tributary

c)

1—watershed; 2—tributaries; 3—parent river

d)

1—divide; 2—parent rivers; 3—tributary

12.

Rock particles in a stream are different sizes. It takes more force to move big particles than small particles. Fast moving water has more force than slow moving water. So, water moving quickly can carry bigger rock particles than water moving slowly. The graph below shows how the velocity of water in a stream is related to the size of the rock particle it can carry. The velocity of water is shown in centimeters per second. A particular stream has a velocity of 100 centimeters per second. What is the largest rock particle that the stream can carry?

a)

pebble

b)

cobble

c)

sand

d)

silt

13.

A water table well and another well going into an aquifer are shown in the diagram. During a drought, the water table dries while the aquifer remains nearly full. Which best explains this?

a)

During the drought, the water table falls, but the confined aquifer is mostly isolated from the drought conditions and remains unaffected.

b)

During the drought, the water table increases, but the water level in the confined aquifer increases.

c)

During the drought, the water table remains constant, but the confined aquifer keeps its water level because of other sources of water.

d)

none of these

14.

This diagram shows the distribution of water on Earth. Which best describes the amount of frozen water on Earth?

a)

About 2% of Earth’s water is frozen.

b)

About 3% of Earth’s water is frozen.

c)

Exactly 0.9% of Earth’s water is frozen.

d)

all of these

15.

The diagram below shows the distribution of water on Earth. Where is most of the fresh surface water located on Earth? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Lakes
Ice caps
Oceans
none of these
16.

A family living in a house needs to dig a new well before they will have usable water. Several options for the well location are shown in the diagram below. Which location would be the best choice for the new well?

a)

S

b)

Q

c)

R

d)

T

17.
Which best describes the amount of Earth’s total water supply that is usable freshwater?
a)
Less than 1%
b)
less than 25%
c)
greater than 50%
d)
greater than 75%
18.
Which factor has the greatest effect on a community’s stores of fresh water?
a)
the average annual rainfall
b)
the location of the nearest ocean
c)
the location of the nearest mountain
d)
the average winter temperature
19.

Which type of water reservoir could always provide fresh water? (a)  

Choose from the below words
mountain glaciers
inland lakes
river deltas
tropical seas
20.
Which of these is a freshwater reservoir?
a)
Antarctic polar ice
b)
Gulf of Mexico
c)
Pacific Ocean
d)
Atlantic tidal basin
21.
Which is Earth’s largest source of drinkable water?
a)
aquifers
b)
lakes
c)
rivers
d)
oceans
22.

Which of the following contains MOST of the water on Earth? (a)  

Choose from the below words
the oceans
watersheds
the atmosphere
ice and aquifers
23.
The empty spaces in a material are called pores. Porosity is the amount of empty space within a material. Permeability describes how well the pores in a material are connected. Which of these materials would make the MOST effective aquifer?
a)
a material that has high porosity and high permeability
b)
a material that has high porosity and low permeability
c)
a material that has low porosity and high permeability
d)
a material that has low porosity and low permeability
24.
During a portion of the water cycle, water falls to Earth’s surface as precipitation. Some of this water runs off into channels and keeps moving until it ends up in the ocean. Which BEST describes the water in the channels?
a)
river
b)
lake
c)
aquifer
d)
wetland
25.
Sammy collects some river water by dipping the jar into the water but not scooping the riverbed. What part of the river’s load will MOST likely settle to the bottom of his jar?
a)
silt and clay
b)
pebbles, silt, and clay
c)
cobbles, pebbles, and silt
d)
cobbles and clay
26.

Which of the following processes is NOT part of an inland river system? (a)  

Choose from the below words
intertidal zone
erosion zone
transport zone
deposition zone
27.
Which are found in mountain streams where the slope is steep and the channel is rough, irregular, and full of large boulders?
a)
rapids
b)
lakes
c)
estuaries
d)
meanders
28.
Which type of water reservoir contains the largest volume of fresh water?
a)
ice sheets
b)
lakes
c)
rivers
d)
aquifers
29.
The water cycle describes the movement of water on Earth. About 96% of water on Earth is the salt water found in oceans. The remaining 4% is fresh water. Where would the majority of the fresh water on Earth be found?
a)
ice caps and glaciers
b)
groundwater and aquifers
c)
swamps and wetlands
d)
lakes and rivers
30.
Why is water from an aquifer more likely to be cleaner than water from other sources?
a)
because pollutants are filtered by rock and soil deep within Earth
b)
because it forms where fresh and salt water meet
c)
because it receives water directly from precipitation
d)
because it rises to the surface near the ocean
31.
Which best describes the characteristics of a river basin?
a)
the land drained by a river and its tributaries
b)
the land formed when rivers create estuaries and marshes
c)
the land at the mouth of a river where water flows into the ocean
d)
the land formed as a result of a river flooding
32.
Which best describes the process of evapotranspiration in the water cycle?
a)
Water on the surface of Earth and water lost by plants enters the atmosphere as water vapor.
b)
Water from the ocean enters the atmosphere as water vapor.
c)
Water on the surface of Earth enters the groundwater supply.
d)
Water vapor in the atmosphere returns to the surface of Earth as liquid water.
33.
A local farm experiences significant drought over a 2-year period. A temporary solution for the lack of water is to dig another well closer to the fields to water crops. Two years before, in a similar situation, the water table was reached at 15 feet below the ground. Which is necessary for the well to supply water to the crops?
a)
The well should be dug to more than 15 feet to find the water table.
b)
The well needs to be dug to 13.5 feet.
c)
It is not necessary to find the water table when digging a well.
d)
all of these
34.
Sea otters consume sea urchins, which in turn thrive in kelp forests off the coast of California. These underwater forests depend on cold water. Which would yield the most stable ecosystem for sea otters?
a)
upwelling
b)
underwater volcanoes
c)
hurricane activity
d)
offshore winds
35.
Which most likely causes the rate of ground water movement to change?
a)
the rock material through which the water is moving
b)
the type of plants under which the water is moving
c)
the time of day
d)
position of the sun
36.

What land use would be the best choice for watershed drainage? (a)  

Choose from the below words
wetland
mall
recreational area
forest
37.
Which percentage represents the amount of Earth’s water that is found in oceans?
a)
0.97
b)
0.03
c)
0.71
d)
0.5
38.
Where does most fresh water exist?
a)
aquifers, ice caps, and glaciers
b)
ice caps, lakes, and streams
c)
glaciers, rivers, and oceans
d)
the intertidal zone
39.

Which ocean receives the most freshwater output by way of rivers? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Atlantic Ocean
Arctic Ocean
Indian Ocean
Southern Ocean
40.
Which river system moves the most freshwater on Earth?
a)
Amazon River
b)
Nile River
c)
Volga River
d)
Neuse Rive
41.
Which would result in the greatest strain on the local water availability?
a)
increased farm activity around local waterways
b)
decreased farm activity around local waterways
c)
decreased industrial activity
d)
increased precipitation
42.
Which best allows humans to utilize water as a resource?
a)
local geography
b)
pollution laws
c)
energy conservation
d)
oceanic reclamation
43.
If water is recycled in the atmosphere, which best describes why water availability on Earth is decreasing?
a)
Earth’s freshwater continues to become more polluted, reducing the supply of freshwater safe for humans to consume.
b)
An increase in droughts is slowly reducing freshwater reservoirs.
c)
Due to an increase in Earth’s temperature, evaporation rates continue to increase reducing liquid water on the surface.
d)
none of these
44.

Which would greatly reduce local water availability? (a)  

Choose from the below words
a drought
a flood
a hurricane
a nor'easter
45.
Which best describes the role of the water cycle?
a)
circulates existing water on Earth
b)
reduces pollution in most of the water
c)
increases usable supply of Earth’s water
d)
allows nitrogen to return to the atmosphere
46.
Which is the best reason for understanding local watersheds?
a)
to help identify non-point source pollution
b)
to decide where to place recreational parks
c)
to help identify point source pollution
d)
to plan for old growth forest renewal
47.
What most often causes the availability of water to change?
a)
local geography
b)
type of plants
c)
type of soil
d)
none of these
48.
Which would most likely result from a decrease in water supply to watersheds?
a)
decrease in river basin levels
b)
increase in ocean water levels
c)
decrease in lake water levels
d)
increase in river basin levels
49.
Which has the greatest long-term impact on local water availability?
a)
climate
b)
runoff
c)
pollution
d)
all of these
50.
Why might countries bordering the Pacific ocean have problems getting enough water to meet the needs of their citizens?
a)
Removing salt from the water is too expensive and impractical.
b)
The water is too cold to use.
c)
There are more people in the countries than the water can nourish.
d)
Volcanic activity from the "Ring of Fire" makes ocean water unusable.
51.
Which is true concerning the structure of the hydrosphere?
a)
The ocean is connected to many lakes, watersheds, and waterways.
b)
There is one ocean with one basin.
c)
There are many oceans with many basins.
d)
Alpine glaciers create all of the world's watersheds.
52.
Which best describes the world’s oceans?
a)
There is one ocean with many basins.
b)
There is one ocean with one basin.
c)
There are many oceans with one basin.
d)
all of these
53.
Where would the safest and least polluted water most likely occur?
a)
mountaintop snow
b)
aquifer
c)
large river
d)
wetland
54.
Which most likely causes land that water drains into to form a watershed?
a)
The ground is saturated or impermeable.
b)
The ground is saturated or permeable.
c)
The ground is unsaturated or permeable.
d)
none of these
55.

Rivers and streams transport nutrients, salts, sediments, and pollutants. Which is the correct order for this process? (a)  

Choose from the below words
watersheds → estuaries → oceans
estuaries → oceans → watersheds
watersheds → oceans → estuaries
oceans → estuaries → watersheds
56.
Which best describes why melting icebergs to obtain freshwater can be harmful to our environment?
a)
It can cause temperature change in water and climate change in a region.
b)
It can increase the habitats of arctic animals.
c)
It can be costly and complicated to transport the icebergs.
d)
It can cause whales to lose their ability to navigate the arctic region.
57.
Which provide the best source of information about the quality of water in aquifers?
a)
wells
b)
lakes
c)
septic tanks
d)
the ocean
58.
Which is true about Earth’s water distribution?
a)
About 80% is salt water.
b)
About 70% is found in rivers.
c)
About 80% is found in glaciers.
d)
Water is not found on Earth
59.
Which factor most influences local water availability?
a)
precipitation
b)
runoff
c)
infiltration
d)
percolation
60.
Which would most likely increase the amount of water available for local use?
a)
decreased evaporation
b)
increased evaporation
c)
increased transpiration
d)
decreased transpiration
61.
Which is true about approximately 80% of Earth’s water supply?
a)
It exists as salt water.
b)
It is moving.
c)
It is not moving.
d)
It is potable.
62.
Which would most negatively impact local water availability?
a)
droughts
b)
floods
c)
hurricanes
d)
none of these
63.
Which percentage represents the amount of freshwater on Earth?
a)
0.03
b)
0.23
c)
0.71
d)
0.14
64.
If Earth’s climate continues to become warmer over the next 50 years, how would this impact river basins?
a)
decrease in water supply
b)
decline in water quality
c)
increase in sediments
d)
no effect
65.
Which is an incorrect order of the water cycle?
a)
evaporation, precipitation, condensation
b)
evaporation, condensation, precipitation
c)
precipitation, evaporation, condensation
d)
All of these are in the correct order.
66.
Which is true?
a)
Rivers and streams transport nutrients, salts, sediments, and pollutants from watersheds to estuaries, and to the ocean.
b)
Ice caps consist mostly of salt water.
c)
The ocean consists mostly of freshwater.
d)
none of these
67.
Which contains most of the water on Earth?
a)
oceans
b)
aquifers
c)
ponds
d)
ice caps and glaciers
68.

Which factor most affects how water drains into local watersheds? (a)  

Choose from the below words
differences in elevation
evaporation
precipitation
transpiration
69.
Which best describes the importance of an aquifer?
a)
It holds uncontaminated ground water for human consumption.
b)
It supplies all water for lakes and rivers.
c)
It provides water for oceans.
d)
none of these

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