the process whereby individuals unconsciously and consciously learn to act, feel, and think dependably together but not necessarily alike in behalf of human welfare outside their own,

the process of learning to behave in a way that is acceptable to society.

is a process that involves learning theory and skills and internalizing an identity appropriate to a specific role

The role of socialization is to acquaint individuals with the norms of a given social group or society.

The nurse-patient relationship is centered on patient advocacy. Patient advocacy is essential in providing individualized care and improving health .

American nurses association (ANA) sets the standards of practice for nurses and makes decisions about the functions, activities, and goals of the nursing profession. Expands nursing scope to include data collection, nursing diagnosis, planning/implementing care, evaluation of all patient outcomes.

also known as joint or partnership working – covers a variety of ways that two or more organizations can work together.

Function effectively within nursing health care teams. Fostering open communication, respect, and shared decision making for patient care.

Collaborative working – also known as joint or partnership working – covers a variety of ways that two or more organizations can work together

The primary role of a nurse is to be a caregiver for patients by managing physical needs, preventing illness, and treating health conditions.

Assists residents with activities of daily living, including bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, transferring and getting to and from activities and meals according to the individual service plan.

Caregiver: nurses help patients promote, restore, and maintain health and wellness. Communication: Nurses are responsible for communicating findings to the healthcare team in oral or written form.

Educator: patient education on diseases, prevention, nutrition, and treatment.

Using at least two patient identifiers when administering medication and providing care, reporting critical test and diagnostic values on a timely basis, recording and communicating, accurate patient medication information, complying with, and reinforcing appropriate hand hygiene, guidelines, and implementing evidence based practice guidelines to prevent healthcare associated infections.

Best practices for preventing and detecting adverse outcomes is to start with patient assessment.

Cultural safety is about: Shared respect, shared meaning and shared knowledge

Every member contributes to the safety of the team/patient. Create an environment that promotes open communication and build trust to allow mistakes as learning opportunities.

The Joint Commission recommends leaders focus on five components of safety culture: trust, accountability, identifying unsafe conditions, strengthening systems, and assessment.

Every member contributes to the safety of the team/patient. Create an environment that promotes open communication and build trust to allow mistakes as learning opportunities.

RCA assumes that it is much more effective to systematically prevent and solve for underlying issues rather than just treating ad hoc symptoms and putting out fires.

Root cause analysis is part of a more general problem-solving process and an integral part of continuous improvement.

Is an approach to error evaluation that examines the nature of the error to assist in determining appropriate response to who made the error.

“Just Culture” refers to a system of shared accountability in which organizations are accountable for the systems they have designed and for responding to the behaviors of their employees in a fair and just manner.

Patient centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence based practice , quality improvement , safety, and informatics.

Through Just Culture, we will: be respectful in how we engage with those involved; • be transparent in the evaluation processes used; • hold our system, ourselves and others accountable;

Implicit and explicit values are mental maps for decision, making that indoor for a significant time in one’s life. Values are ideas used to determine what is right or wrong. A value system is a learned set of principles and rules, when choosing between alternatives and making decisions, value systems help people decide which values are most important.

People also tend to believe that those values are “right” because they are the values of their particular culture.

Beliefs a person considers highly important and are learned through interactions w/social systems. Professional values upheld and standards conduct.

The eight moral characteristics are diligence, frugality, honesty, discipline, politeness, cleanliness, unity and generosity.

Root cause analysis is an important part of Six Sigma methodology, as it is a key component of the analyze phase of DMAIC – define, measure, analyze, improve, control.

Is a branch of philosophy w/an emphasis on morality. Morality is a set of beliefs about the standards of right and wrong that help a person determine the correct or permissible action in a given situation.

Contemporary approaches focus on what is most important to people as individuals or within their roles

a system of shared accountability in which organizations are accountable for the systems they have designed and for responding to the behaviors of their employees in a fair and just manner.

Root cause analysis (RCA) is the process of discovering the root causes of problems in order to identify appropriate solutions.

Research is preferably, guided by a nursing model or theory to assist in identification and systematic study of the logical relationships between or among variables.

The theoretical framework introduces and describes the theory which explains why the research problem under study exists.

the art of persuasion, which along with grammar and logic, is one of the three ancient arts of discourse.

Sunrise model consists of 4 levels that provide a base of knowledge for delivering cultural congruent care.

Defined as a creative and rigorous structuring of ideas that project a tentative, purposeful, and systematic view of phenomena.

Florence Nightingale

maintains balance and harmony between internal and external environment by adjusting to stress and defending against tension-producing stimuli

Emphasizes decision making based on the best available scientific evidence to guide practice, clinical expertise and patient preference.

Systematic collection and analysis of subjective narrative and observational data using procedures with a minimum of researcher imposed control.

Involves the systematic collection of measurable, numeric data, usually under conditions of considerable control, and the analysis of that information using statistical procedures. This type of research seeks to test theories and hypotheses. Involves the systematic collection and analysis of narrative data.

Defined as a creative and rigorous structuring of ideas that project a tentative, purposeful, and systematic view of phenomena.

Every member contributes to the safety of the team/patient. Create an environment that promotes open communication and build trust to allow mistakes as learning opportunities.

the systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.

Is a process that involves learning theory and skills and internalizing an identify appropriate to a specific role. Five levels of proficiency: Novice, Advance Beginner, Competent, Proficient, & Expert

Once the results of a study are determined, the findings must be disseminated so that clinical application of research replication by other nurses can occur. Conclusions are strengthened and validated by similar findings in more than one research study.

ASSESSMENT, DIANOSIS, PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION, EVALUATION.

An orderly and systematic problem solving approaches toward patient centered care to individuals, families, communities. There are six phases of the nursing process

Process analysis is the exercise of analyzing processes to identify opportunities to improve the way they operate.

A primary source is the patient. This includes interviews and observations. The secondary source includes family members, significant others, other healthcare professionals, and health records.

They are different from secondary sources, accounts that retell, analyze, or interpret events, usually at a distance of time or place.

Is the formulation and documentation of measurable, realistic, patient focused prioritized goals and outcomes

ADPIE

RACE

In the planning phase, a written patient plan of care that directs nursing activities, and how outcomes are to be evaluated is developed with patient input.

This is where the nurse uses the information gathered in the assessment stage to determine the patient's health problems

The phase of the nursing process during which data are gathered for the purpose of identifying actual or potential health problems. Accurate assessment is essential for the provision of high-quality nursing care, and it’s achieved by collection, validation and organization.

the step that involves the actual carrying out of interventions outlined by the plan of care. This phase requires interventions, such as applying a cardiac monitor or oxygen, medication administration, and standard treatment protocols.

Admission, focus, time-lapse, and emergency assessment. Admission assessment is determining reference baseline. Focus assessment is determining the status of a specific problem. Time lapse assessment is determining change from previous findings. Emergency assessment is determining the presence of life-threatening conditions.

The final type of assessment is summative. Summative assessments occur after the learning activities or units of study have concluded.

Formative assessment, formative evaluation, formative feedback, or assessment for learning, including diagnostic testing, is a range of formal and informal assessment procedures conducted

is the process of determining which disease or condition explains a person's symptoms and signs. It is most often referred to as diagnosis with the medical context being implicit.

Is the process of confirming the accuracy of the assessment data collected. Validation increases the likelihood that cues and inferences are accurate, free from bias, and is interpreted correctly.

is the practice of checking the integrity, accuracy and structure of data

The process of identifying a disease, condition, or injury from its signs and symptoms. A health history, physical exam, and tests, such as blood tests, imaging tests, and biopsies, may be used to help make a diagnosis.

The second phase of the nursing process. It’s purpose is to identify problems and synthesize the information gathered during the nursing assessment.

Problems for which nurses need to intervene in collaboration with personnel from other disciplines

MD must diagnose

Patient-Nurse relationship to problem solve on chronic issues

Formulation of goals and measurable outcomes that provide the basis for evaluating nursing diagnoses. Activities include: establishing priorities and establishing patient goals and outcome criteria. Planning care that is realistic.

Outcome statements are always patient-centered.

Priority setting can be defined as the ordering of nursing problems using notions of urgency and/or importance, in order to establish a preferential order for nursing actions.

Least Importance

is a professional organization of nurses interested in standardized nursing terminology originally founded in 1982.

Involves advocacy for the rights of the individual patient and for their family. It also involves advocacy on behalf of nursing practice in organisational and management structures within nursing.

can be used in standardized care plans and critical pathways to set expected goals and compare individual patients or groups of patients to determine effectiveness of nursing interventions. Used in the outcome identification phase of the nursing process. Nursing outcome components include: definition, measurement of scale, associated indicated and measures.

A medical outcome for patients

is a care classification system which describes the activities that nurses perform as a part of the planning phase of the nursing process associated with the creation of a nursing care plan.

is a comprehensive, standardized classification of patient, family and community outcomes developed to evaluate the impact of interventions provided by nurses or other health care professionals.

founded in 1982 and develops, researches, disseminates and refines the nomenclature, criteria, and taxonomy of nursing diagnoses

Evidence Based Research

Nurses must demonstrate to the public how they achieve patient outcomes. Research is aimed at identifying, validating, and classifying nursing sensitive patient outcomes and indicators, field testing the outcomes, and testing measurement procedures for the outcomes and indicators.

To examine patients' behavioral responses to nursing interventions, to compare the patient’s behavioral responses with predetermined outcome criteria, To appraise the extent to which patient goals were attained or problems resolved, and To appraise involvement and

collaboration of the patient, family members, nurses, and healthcare team members in healthcare decisions.

the prevention, treatment, and management of illness and the preservation of physical and mental well-being through services offered by health professionals.