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WorksheetsMTLE Elementary Education Subtest 1
Total questions: 98
Worksheet time: 1hrs 14mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
1. Which of the following teacher practices in a kindergarten class is likely to be most effective in reinforcing students' developmentof phonemic awareness?
a)
a. leading students in daily recitation of simple chants related to basic classroom procedures
b)
b. having students line up or join a group when they hear the teacher say the first sound in their name
c)
c. labeling key objects around the classroom with the first letter of the objects's name
d)
d.reading aloud each day's schedule and asking students questions about the planned activities
2.
2. Which of the following methods would be most appropriate to use as part of an assessment of a kindergarten student'sphonological awareness skills?
a)
a. pronouncing a target phoneme and prompting the student to point to the printed letter most commonly associatedwith it
b)
b. having the student listen to a sentence presented orally and try to repeat the sentence exactly
c)
c. saying a familiar multisyllable word and asking the student to repeat the word while clapping for each syllable in the word
d)
d.asking the student to listen to a spoken word and identify the final letter in the word
3.
3. Which of the following sets of words would be most appropriate to use for assessing third-grade students' ability to use structural analysis skills to decode words?
a)
a. closed, living, held
b)
b. contestant, logically, correlation
c)
c. bunnies, cities, animals
d)
d. unhappy, daytime, noiseless
4.
4. A fifth-grade teacher periodically has students analyze short science and social studies passages that are written at or slightly above grade level. First, the teacher underlines key words, phrases, and sentences on copies of the text. The teacher then has pairs of students read the passage and ask each other clarifying questions about the underlined elements. Finally, the students paraphrase each of the underlined elements in their own words and use these to construct a written summary of the passage. These activities best demonstrate the teacher's awareness of which of the following factors affecting reading development?
a)
a. the benefits of guided practice in reinforcing students' word-learning strategies
b)
b. the role of academic language in supporting students' comprehension of complex texts
c)
c. the influence of prior language experiences on students' reading comprehension
d)
d. the importance of selecting texts for students according to multiple dimensions of text complexity
5.
5. A sixth-grade English language learner has grade-level literacy skills in Spanish and grade-level fluency skills in English, but the student struggles to comprehend academic texts in English. In an intervention designed to address the student's reading-comprehension difficulties in English, which of the following strategies would be most important for the teacher to focus on first?
a)
a. developing the student's familiarity with common text structures used in English academic texts
b)
b. promoting the student's ability to use a cognate strategy to understand academic vocabulary in English
c)
c. providing the student with systematic, explicit instruction in phonics and other decoding strategies in English.
d)
d. helping the student relate new content encountered in academic texts to the content of texts previously read in English
6.
6. Number 6 Which of the following statements provides the most likely explanation for the student's errors?
a)
a. The student mispronounces the vowel sounds of some words.
b)
b. The student has not yet fully grasped the alphabetic principle.
c)
c. The student has not yet developed phonemic-awareness skills.
d)
d. The student is confusing visually and auditorily similar letters.
7.
7. A kindergarten teacher models the following procedure for a student who is experiencing difficulty with letter recognition. Theteacher looks at the target letter p with the student, says the letter's name, and then traces the letter while verbalizing the strokes involved in its formation. Then the teacher provides the student with guided practice following the same procedure with othertarget letters (e.g., b, d, q). This multisensory activity would be most effective to use in an intervention designed to promote thestudent's ability to:
a)
a. use letter names as a strategy for developing phonetic spelling.
b)
b. map speech to print in regular single-syllable words.
c)
c. form letters correctly as a result of hearing them pronounced orally.
d)
d. distinguish between the features of visually similar letters.
8.
8. A teacher places printed labels on various objects in the classroom and frequently points to and refers to the objects by name inconversation with the students. Which of the following early literacy skills is the teacher most directly promoting?
a)
a. concepts of print
b)
b. letter recognition
c)
c. letter-sound correspondence
d)
d. phonemic awareness
9.
9. Kindergarten students each have a notecard with their first name written on it. The teacher asks a series of questions, such as "Whose name has a t in it?" and "Who has a capital K at the beginning of their name?" The students respond affirmatively by giving a thumbs up. By engaging students in this activity, the teacher is providing practice in:
a)
a. decoding.
b)
b. letter recognition.
c)
c. letter formation.
d)
s
10.
10. In a research-based, systematic program of phonics instruction, which of the following complex letter combinations should betaught last?
a)
a. ee
b)
b. au
c)
c. ea
d)
d. oa
11.
11. A third-grade student can read grade-level literary texts at an appropriate rate with strong accuracy and good prosody. When reading grade-level, self-selected informational texts, however, the student reads in a slow, halting manner. Which of the following statements best explains the most likely reason for this discrepancy in the student's reading styles?
a)
a. The informational texts contain vocabulary and/or syntactic structures that are unfamiliar to the student.
b)
b. The student has limited decoding and word recognition skills, which hinders automaticity when reading the informational texts.
c)
c. The informational texts provide the student with fewer textual supports (e.g., diagrams, photographs) than do literary texts.
d)
d. The student is less interested in the subject matter of the informational texts than in the subject matter of literarytexts.
12.
12. A first-grade student struggles to read and comprehend grade-level texts. The results of informal assessments indicate that the student can identify basic letter-sound correspondences and sight words and is able to read CVC words that have already been taught explicitly. However, the student has difficulty reading new CVC words and other single-syllable words presented in word lists and relies heavily on context clues as a decoding strategy when reading connected text. Which of the following instructional strategies would likely be most effective in addressing this student's reading needs and promoting reading development?
a)
a. expanding the student's automatic reading of irregular words through the use of flashcards and explicit drill and practice exercises
b)
b. building the student's oral vocabulary knowledge using read-alouds and discussions of high-quality literary and informational texts
c)
c. providing the student with explicit instruction and guided practice in sounding out and blending the letters of simple regular words
d)
d. modeling for the student how to use semantic and syntactic clues to determine the pronunciation and meaning ofmulti-meaning words in a text
13.
13. In order to accurately read and spell words such as
sight, treat, and mock, students would benefit most from instruction focused on which of the following phonics principles?
a)
a. silent letters
b)
b. word families
c)
c. long vowel sounds
d)
d. letter-sound correspondences
14.
14. On an oral reading fluency (ORF) assessment administered in the winter, a third-grade student reads 62 words correct per minute (WCPM). This accuracy and rate place the student in the twenty-fifth percentile. Further diagnostic assessments reveal that the student's nonfluent reading stems mainly from a lack of word automaticity. Given these results, which of the following instructional practices would be most appropriate for the teacher to consider for the purpose of promoting automaticity?
a)
a. independent silent reading
b)
b. phrase-cued reading
c)
c. timed repeated oral reading
d)
d. readers theatre
15.
15. A second-grade teacher is planning to read aloud a chapter book to students over the course of several days. Which of the following strategies is likely to be most effective in reinforcing and expanding students' understanding of vocabulary words found in each chapter?
a)
a. writing target words from each chapter and their meanings on the board before beginning the reading
b)
b. pausing periodically during each reading to elaborate on and question students about key words in the chapter
c)
c. asking students to make note of unfamiliar words they hear and would like to discuss after each chapter is read
d)
d. having students answer oral and written questions about the meanings of key words from the chapter after each reading
16.
16. A third-grade teacher would like students to learn how to use classroom print reference materials such as age-appropriate dictionaries and thesauruses to support independent word learning. Which of the following skills would be most important for theteacher to introduce first?
a)
a. using guide words
b)
b. ordering words alphabetically
c)
c. selecting appropriate definitions
d)
d. interpreting pronunciation keys
17.
17. Number 17 Which of the following methods would be most effective for the students to use to understand the meaning of the idiomatic phrase"the depths of despair" in the passage?
a)
a. applying morphologic analysis
b)
b. evaluating semantic clues
c)
c. using a dictionary
d)
d. studying context clues
18.
18. A teacher is helping a fourth-grade emerging-level English learner understand essential vocabulary in a reading selection from Charlotte's Web
(e.g., pitcher, scratch). Which of the following strategies would likely be most effective for the teacher to use to help the student understand the meaning of such unfamiliar English words?
a)
a. providing the student with the dictionary meaning of each targeted word and an example of its use
b)
b. demonstrating the meaning of each targeted word by showing the student pictures or using gestures
c)
c. having the student write down unknown targeted words and look up their meanings later
d)
d. guiding the student in using context clues to understand the meaning of targeted words
19.
19. Which of the following reading processes provides an example of inferential comprehension?
a)
a. using background knowledge to recognize the implications of information presented in a text
b)
b. employing a familiarity with textual features to help identify the steps in a writer's argument
c)
c. drawing on knowledge of root words and affixes to deduce the general meaning of any unfamiliar words
d)
d. applying an understanding of logical argument to evaluate the validity of a writer's conclusions
20.
20. During an assessment, a fourth-grade teacher observes that a student makes errors on four words when reading a 150-word text aloud. The teacher wants to confirm that this text is at the student's independent reading level. Which of the following strategies would best accomplish this goal?
a)
a. having the student read the text again and noting if the number of errors the student makes decreases during the second reading
b)
b. prompting the student to explain what metacognitive strategies he or she used to monitor understanding of the text
c)
c. giving the student a similar text to read and comparing the number of errors the student makes on each text
d)
d. asking the student a series of questions about the text and determining how much of the text the student has comprehended
21.
21. A new student in a fifth-grade class demonstrates strong oral language proficiency and participates successfully in classdiscussions in all subject areas but seems to have difficulty comprehending most literary and informational grade-level texts.Given this information, the teacher should most likely administer an assessment in which of the following areas of reading first to help determine the exact nature of the student's difficulty?
a)
a. oral reading fluency
b)
b. vocabulary knowledge
c)
c. academic language
d)
d. background knowledge
22.
22. As part of a reading comprehension activity, a teacher asks third-grade students to orally retell a story they have just read to apartner. Which of the following strategies for scaffolding this assignment would be most appropriate for the teacher to use to support the needs of students who are struggling readers?
a)
a. providing sentence starters and frames for the students to complete
b)
b. having the students listen while the teacher rereads the story
c)
c. summarizing the story and having the students repeat the words
d)
d. allowing the students to draw pictures that depict plot events
23.
23. A fourth-grade teacher gives frequent book talks and allows students class time for independent reading but notices that some students do not seem engaged in reading. Which of the following strategies would be most appropriate for the teacher to use to promote students' motivation to read independently?
a)
a. providing the students with a variety of high-interest reading materials in the classroom library
b)
b. sending books home for the students to read and having parents/guardians help students complete reading logs
c)
c. asking the students to provide short written summaries after reading a particularly exciting book
d)
d. rewarding the students for the books they read with reading-related prizes such as books and bookmarks
24.
24. Which of the following sentences contains a metaphor?
a)
a. The river was a spill of silk cascading down the hillside.
b)
b. A solitary crow called out go! go!
from its lofty perch.
c)
c. The stars were like tiny sparks a glow in the darkness.
d)
d. I think the mountain understands why I have come.
25.
25. A second-grade teacher regularly has students write and illustrate brief paragraphs about concepts they are learning in scienceand social studies. The teacher uses the following questions to help guide the students in developing their paragraphs.
(x) What idea are you trying to explain in your paragraph?
(x)What title can you give your paragraph to tell the reader what the paragraph is about?
(x) What kind of picture would show the reader something important that you describe in your paragraph?
(x) What labels will your picture need to help the reader understand it?
This writing activity is likely to promote students' understanding of informational texts primarily in which of the following ways?
a)
a. developing their awareness of ways in which features of a text can help support comprehension
b)
b. improving their ability to vary their reading strategies when reading texts for different purposes
c)
c. helping them learn to recognize text structures used to describe cause-and-effect relationships
d)
d. providing them with models of strategies for monitoring their comprehension of a text
26.
26. Read the transcript below of a student-teacher conversation about an excerpt from the novel
Sounder by William H. Armstrong; then answer the question that follows. Number 26 During the conversation, the teacher's questions and comments are primarily intended to promote the student's ability to usecritical thinking to:
a)
a. paraphrase text.
b)
b. retell events in sequence.
c)
c. make inferences.
d)
d. identify central themes.
27.
27. Read the excerpt below from a novel; then answer the question that follows Number 27 In the excerpt, the author uses the description of Yellow Kettle to imply that Omakayas and her siblings:
a)
a. aspire to be like their mother.
b)
b. dislike doing household chores.
c)
c. resent their father's absences.
d)
d. live an idyllic life on the island.
28.
28. A fifth-grade class has just returned from a field mtrip to a local museum. The teacher can best help students become attentive tothe differences between spoken and written English conventions through which of the following student activities related to their field trip?
a)
a. meeting with the teacher to brainstorm writing ideas for a story related to the trip, then reading aloud the finished story to the class
b)
b. selecting a topic of interest from the trip, then writing a research paper using observation notes and reference books to share with classmates
c)
c. discussing the trip as a whole class and writing down interesting thoughts and comments mentioned by other classmates
d)
d. working in pairs to record and transcribe interviews with one another about the trip, then using the recordings towrite short collaborative essays
29.
29. Following explicit instruction on the conjunctions that, because, although, when, and until, a fourth-grade teacher has small groups of students play a sentence-combining game. In the game, students randomly choose two teacher-selected simple sentences from texts and combine them into one meaningful sentence using a learned conjunction. This activity promotes students' reading development primarily by:
a)
a. increasing their motivation to read a variety of texts that contain different sentence types.
b)
b. providing them with practice constructing meaning from contextual clues.
c)
c. enhancing their ability to interpret complex sentences during independent reading.
d)
d. helping them learn to vary their reading strategies when encountering unknown language structures.
30.
30. In an introductory paragraph to a written research project, a sixth-grade student includes the following sentences. Number 30 The pattern of errors in this writing sample suggests the student would benefit most from explicit instruction focused on which ofthe following language structures or conventions used in standard written English?
a)
a. punctuation usage
b)
b. abbreviations and capitalization
c)
c. pronoun number agreement
d)
d. dependent and independent clauses
31.
31. A sixth-grade teacher notices that several students are having difficulty understanding the meaning and appropriate usage of general academic words that have been taught (e.g., status, elaborate, strategic). The teacher can best help these students develop an understanding of such general academic words by:
a)
a. having students keep a vocabulary notebook in which they keep track of target words and definitions for reference.
b)
b. requiring students to use the target words in conversation on a daily basis throughout the school day.
c)
c. providing students with repeated exposure to target words in various ways in written and oral classroom activities.
d)
d. giving students differentiated word sort activities to perform using the target words.
32.
32. Which of the following forms of writing would most likely include the use of footnotes and a "works cited" section?
a)
a. journal entry
b)
b. newspaper article
c)
c. research paper
d)
d. business letter
33.
33. Read the draft paragraph below from an informative essay; then answer the question that follows. Number 33. Which of the following sentences, if inserted in the blank, would most effectively develop the topic with relevant facts?
a)
a. Most thru-hikers arrange to have food and supplies sent to mail drops along the way.
b)
b. Shelters are available for hikers, but reservations are necessary along the most popular portions of the trail.
c)
c. Completing the "thru hike" takes from five to seven months and costs about $3,000.
d)
d. Every four miles or so, the trail passes near a town where hikers may or may not be able to purchase supplies.
34.
34. Read the draft paragraph below; then answer the question that follows. Number 34. Which of the following sentences, if inserted in the blank, would most effectively develop the topic?
a)
a. Vertical farming is another way to add greenery to city buildings.
b)
b. Covering walls with living plants creates a unique visual aesthetic.
c)
c. Forest cities will look different in each region, depending on the climate.
d)
d. Plants filter the air around them by absorbing carbon and releasing oxygen.
35.
35. A student is developing an explanatory essay about how professional collectors determine the monetary value of comic books.Which of the following strategies would best help the student develop a strong conclusion to the essay?
a)
a. reviewing key points and pointing out how they may relate to readers' own experience
b)
b. citing references to motivate readers to investigate the topic more thoroughly
c)
c. directing readers to compare information in the essay to information found elsewhere
d)
d. introducing a new example that illustrates a point made earlier in the essay
36.
36. When evaluating a media message for bias, which of the following questions should a student ask
first?
a)
a. What other types of media are conveying the same message?
b)
b. Whose interests are protected and promoted by the message?
c)
c. How does the message compare and contrast with my beliefs?
d)
d. How relevant to my own life is the information in the message?
37.
37. A fifth-grade teacher is planning a media literacy lesson in which students will analyze persuasive techniques used in magazine advertisements as compared to television commercials for the same products. Which of the following questions would be most important for the teacher to consider when determining how to address the needs of English learners in the class during thelesson?
A.
a)
a. Are students familiar with the language structures used in the advertisements and commercials?
b)
b. What types of media are most common in the students' home cultures?
c)
c. Are the students familiar with the products featured in the advertisements and commercials?
d)
d. What cultural assumptions are made in the advertisements and commercials?
38.
38. A student wants to incorporate a brief excerpt from a reference book into a research report. To best comply with principles of fair use and attribution, the student should:
a)
a. use a different font to set off the excerpt in the report.
b)
b. embed a link to a digital edition of the book in the report.
c)
c. request permission from the book's authors to include the excerpt in the report
d)
d. enclose the excerpt in quotation marks and include a source citation in the report.
39.
39. Which of the following actions by a middle school student exemplifies a safe practice in online communications?
a)
a. setting up a social media account under a pseudonym
b)
b. using an avatar as a personal identifier on gaming sites
c)
c. engaging in a live chat with other visitors to a Web site
d)
d. sharing personal contact information on a public forum
40.
40. A teacher notices that one member of a small group is not completing assigned tasks for a collaborative project. Which of thefollowing approaches would be most effective for the teacher to take first to address the situation?
a)
a. posting a chart detailing group members' assigned tasks and corresponding due dates
b)
b. asking another group member to help the student complete the assigned tasks
c)
c. suggesting that the student work on the project independently rather than collaboratively
d)
d. convening the group and asking each member to describe their assigned tasks
41.
41. Sea and see, fair and fare, are called
a)
a. Homophones
b)
b. antonyms
c)
c. homographs
d)
d. twin words
42.
42. In preparation for writing a paper, a high school class has been instructed to skim a number of internet and print documents. They are being asked to:
a)
a. Read the documents several times, skimming toa deeper level of understanding each time
b)
b. Read the documents quickly, identifying those that offer the most specific information
c)
c. Read the documents quickly, looking for key words in order to gather the basic premise of each
d)
d. Read the documents carefully, looking for those that offer the most in-depth information.
43.
43. Which of the following is the best definition of Information Literacy?
a)
a. It is the set of skills required for reading and coprehending different information.
b)
b. It is the cognitive skill set necessary to amass a comprehensive base of knowledge.
c)
c. It is the skill set required for the finding, retrieval, analysis, and use of information.
d)
d. It is the set of skills necessary for effectively communicating information to others.
44.
44. Which of the following choices descries the best introduction to a unit on oral traditions from around the world?
a)
a. Introducing games that practice new sight words, encoding words based on phonics rules, and answering short comprehension questions
b)
b. Setting up video-conferencing with a schol in Asia so that students can communicate with children from other countries
c)
c. Inviting a guest speaker from a nearby Native American group to demonstrate oral story-telling to the class
d)
d. Creating a Powerpoint presentation about various types of oral cultures and traditions and characteristics of each
45.
45. A syllable must contain
a)
a. A vowel
b)
b. A consonant
c)
c. Both a vowel and a consonant
d)
d. A meaning
46.
46. A class is reading a 14-line poem in iambic pentameter. There are three stanzas of four lines each, and a two-line couplet at the end. Words at the end of each line rhyme with another word in the same stanza. The clas is reading a:
a)
a. Sonnet
b)
b. Villanelle
c)
c. Sestina
d)
d. Limerick
47.
47. According to MLA guidelines for writing research papers, which of the following is correct regarding citations of Web sources if you cannot immediately see the name of a source's author?
a)
a. Assume the author is not named, as this is a common occurrence on the Web.
b)
b. Do not name an agency or corporation as the author if it the sponsor of the source
c)
c. Author names are often on websites but ned additional looking to discover
d)
d. It is not permissible to cite the book or article title in lieu of an author's name
48.
48. A student says, "We learned that knowledge and understanding of language is important." This is an example of an error in which of these?
a)
a. Phoology
b)
d. Semantics
c)
C. Syntax
d)
d. Pragmatics
49.
49. The purpose of corrective feedback is:
a)
a. To provide students with methods for explaining to the teacher or classmates what a passage was about
b)
b. To correct an error in reading a student has made, specifically clarifying where and how the error was made so that the student can avoid similar errors in the future
c)
c. To provide a mental framework that will help the student correctly organize new information
d)
d. To remind students that error is essential in order to truly understand and that it is not something to be ashamed of
50.
50. A third grader knows he needs to write from left to right and from top to bottom on the page. He knows what sounds are associated with specific letters. He can regognize individual letters and can hear word families. He correctly identifies prefixes, suffixes, and homonyms, and his reading comprehension is very good. However, when he is asked to write, he becomes very upset. He has trouble holding a pencil, his letters are very primitively executed, and his written work is not legible. He most likely has:
a)
a. Dysgraphia
b)
b. Dyslexia
c)
c. Syspraxia
d)
d. Nonverbal learning disorder
51.
51. Which statement is correct regarding the relationship of your audience profile to the decisions you make in completing a writing assignment?
a)
a. how much time you spend on research is unrelated to your audience
b)
b. Your audience does not influence how much information you include
c)
c. The writing style, tone, and wording ou use depend on your audience
d)
d. How you organze information depends on structure, not on audience.
52.
52. A classroom teacher observes that a new ELL student consistently omits the /h/ sound in words. Of these, what is the first factor the teacher should consider?
a)
a. The student may have an articulation disorder.
b)
b. The student may be a native Spanish speaker
c)
c. The student may need a hearing assessment
d)
d. The student may have a respiratory problem.
53.
53. Phone, they, church. The underlined letters in these words are exampls of
a)
a. Consonant blend
b)
b. Consonant shift
c)
c. Continental shift
d)
d. Consonant digraph
54.
54. Examples of onoatopoeia are:
a)
a. Sink, drink, mink, link
b)
b. their, there, they're
c)
c. Drip, chirp, splash, giggle
d)
d. Think, in thin, ink
55.
55. Which of the following exercises would be the most appropriate tool for helping students evaluate the effectiveness of their own spoken messages?
a)
a. Discuss written and oral assignments in class before completing them. Once the assignments are completed, the teacher meets individually with each student to discuss the content and effectiveness of each student's work.
b)
b. Instruct students to present oral reports in class, which are then "graded" by classmates. A score of 1 - 10 is assigned based on students' perception of the reports' clarity. The student's average score determines his report's effectiveness
c)
c. Ask each student to prepare an oral report and a content quiz that highlights the report's main idea. The student then uses classmates' scores on the reviews to determine this report's effectiveness.
d)
d. Put students into groups of three. Two students complete a role-playing assignment based on prompts provided by the teacher. The third stuent gives constructive feedback on how the other two can refine and clarify their speech.
56.
56. When teaching students relationships between sounds and letters and between letters and words, what practices should teachers best follow?
a)
a. Use a variety of instructional techniques, but including only the auditory and visual modes
b)
b. Incorporate multisensory modalities within a variety of instructional strategies and materials
c)
c. Always adhere to the same exact instructional method and materials to ensure consistency
d)
d. Introduce similar-looking letters and similar-sounding phonemes together for discrimination
57.
57. Which is greater, the number of English phonemes or the number of letters in the alphabet?
a)
a. The number of letters in the alphabet, because they can be combined to create phonemes
b)
b. The number of phonemes. A phomeme is the smallest measure of language sound
c)
c. The are identical; each letter "owns" a correspondent sound
d)
d. Neither, Phonemes and alphabet letters are completely unrelated.
58.
58. An understanding of the meanings of prefixes and suffixes such as dis, mis, un, re, able, and ment are important for:
a)
a. Reading comprehension
b)
b. Word recognition
c)
c. Vocabulary building
d)
d. Reading fluency
59.
59. When considering strategies for writing assignments, it helps to know the cognitive (or learning) objectives(s) your teacher is aiming to meet with an assignment. IF the assignment asks you to "describe," "explain," "summarize," "restate," "classify," or "review" some material you read, what is the cognitive objective?
a)
a. Knowledge recal
b)
b. Application
c)
c. Comprehension
d)
d. Evaluation
60.
60. Among the following, which is NOT a common academic standard for kindergarten students in decoding and identifying words?
a)
a. Showing knoledge that letter sequences correspond to phoneme sequences
b)
b. Understanding that word soulds and meanings change along with word letters
c)
c. Decoding monosyllabic words using initial and final consonant and vowel sounds
d)
d. Matching letters to consonant sounds; reading simple, monosyllabic sight words.
61.
61. Which of the following choices will be most important when designing a reading activity or lesson for students.
a)
a. Selecting a text
b)
b. Determining the number of students participating
c)
c. Analyzing the point in the school year at which the lesson is given
d)
d. Determining a purpose for instruction
62.
62. Silent reading fluency can best be ssessed by;
a)
a. Having the student retell or summarize the material to determine how much was understood
b)
b. Biving a written test that covers plot, theme, character development, sequence of events, rising action, climax, falling action, and outcome. A student must test at a 95% accuracy rate to be considered fluent at silent reading
c)
c. Giving a three-minute Test of Silent Contextual Reading Fluency four times a year. The student is presented with text in which spaces between words and all punctuation have been removed. The student must divide one word from another with slash marks, as in the following examples: The/little/sailboat/boobed/so/far/in/the/distance/it/looked/like/a/toy. The more words a student accurately separates, the higher her silent reading fluency score
d)
d. Silent reading fluency cannot be assessed. It is a private act between the reader and the text and does not invite critique.
63.
63. Which of the following strategies would not be helpful in building the word-identification skills of emergent readers?
a)
a. Allowing for invented spelling in written assignments or in-class work
b)
b. Reinforcing phonemic awareness while reading aloud
c)
c. Using dictionaries to look up unfamiliar words
d)
d. Studying and reviewing commonly used sight words at the students' ability level.
64.
64. Accordding to English Language Arts and Reading, which of the following are students in grades 1 - 3 expected to do?
a)
a. Regularly read materials at the independent level, i.e., text containing one in 10 or fewer difficult words.
b)
b. Select text to read independently using author knowledge, difficulty estimation, and personal interest.
c)
c. Regularly read materials at the instructional level, i.e., text containing 1 in 20 or fewer difficult words
d)
d. Read aloud from unfamiliar texts fluently, i.e.,with accuracy, phrasing, expression, and punctuation.
65.
65. A student is able to apply strategies to comprehend the meanings of unfamiliar words; can supply definitions for words with several meanings such as crucial, criticism, and witnes; and is able to reflect on her background knowledge in order to decipher a word's meaning. These features of effective reading belong to which category?
a)
a. Word recognition
b)
b. vocabulary knowledge
c)
c. content
d)
d. comprehension
66.
66. Which of the following was the author of The Pilgrim's Progress?
a)
a. John Bunyan
b)
b. William Congreve
c)
c. Daniel Defoe
d)
d. Samuel Butler
67.
67. Which of the following gives an example of a fallacy of inconsistency?
a)
a. "There are exceptions to all general statements."
b)
b. "Please pass me; my parents will be upset if I fail."
c)
c. "He is guilty: there is no evidence he is innocent."
d)
d. "Have you stopped cheating on your assignments?"
68.
68. Which statement accurately reflects a principle regarding self-questioning techniques for increasing student reading comprehension?
a)
a. Asking only what kinds of "expert questions" fit the text's subject matter
b)
b. Asking only those questions that the text raises for the individual student
c)
c. Asking how each text portion relates to chapter main ideas is unnecessary
d)
d. Asking how the text informatin fits with what the student already knows
69.
69. A student encounters a multisyllabic word. She's not sure if she's seen it before. What should she do first? What should she do next?
a)
a. Locate familiar word parts, then locate the consonants
b)
b Locate the consonants, then locate the vowels
c)
c. Locate the vowels, then locate familiar word parts
d)
d. Look it up in the dictionary, then wirte down the meaning
70.
70. In the model known in reading instruction as the Three Cueing Systems, which of these relate most to how sounds are used to communicate meaning?
a)
a. Syntactic cues
b)
b. Semantic cues
c)
c. Phonological cues
d)
d. Pragmatic cues
71.
71. Which choice does not describe a common outcome of reading or writing?
a)
a. Communication of ideas
b)
b. Character development
c)
c. Enjoyment
d)
d. Language acquisition
72.
72. Of the following examples, which one is not an open-ended question?
a)
a. "When does the climax of this story occur?"
b)
b. "Is this expression a simile or a metaphor?"
c)
c. "How are similies and metaphors different?"
d)
d. "What are some reasons we have poetry?"
73.
73. Bi, re, and un are:
a)
a. Suffixes, appearing at the beginning of base words to change their meaning
b)
b. Suffixes, appearing at the end of base words to enhance their meaning
c)
c. Prefixes, appearing at the beginning of base words to emphasize their meaning
d)
d. prefixes, appearing at the beginning of base words to change their meanings
74.
Some experts maintain that teaching reading comprehension entails not just the application of skills, but the process of actively constructing meaning. This process they describe as interactive, strategic, and adaptable Which of the following best defines the interactive aspect of this process?
a)
a. The process involves the text, ther reader, and the context in which reading occurs
b)
b. The process involves readers' using a variety of strategies in constructing meaning.
c)
c. The process involves readers' changing their strategies to read different text types
d)
d. The process involves changing strategies according to different reasons for reading.
75.
Mr. Harris divides his 3rd-grade English class into two sections each day. Approximately 60% of the class period is spent on phonics and sight word practice, and 40% is spent on learning comprehension strategies. Which statement is most true regarding Mr. Harris' approach?
a)
a. This approach neglects several important components of language instruction.
b)
b. This approach will bore the students and possibly create negative feelings about English class.
c)
c. This approach will provide the best balance of reading instruction for this age group.
d)
d. This approach could be improved by spending equal amounts of time on each component, as they are equally important
76.
After only two or three months into 1st grade, a new substitute teacher gives grades in the 80s to a student who had been receiving 100s from the regular teacher before the teacher had to take emergency leave. The substitute deducts points when the student occasionally reverses a letter or number, or misspells words like biscuit, buterfly, and swallowed. Which of the following most accurately describes this scenario?
a)
a. The regular teacher should not have given 100s; the substitute grades errors more thoroughly
b)
b. The student should be evaluated for possible dyslexia because she reverses letters and numbers.
c)
c. The student's writing is developmentally appropriate; the substitute's grading is inappropriate.
d)
d. The student's occasional reversals are not important, but the misspellings need interventions.
77.
Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) is a teaching technique that depends on two teaching practices. These practices are
a)
a. Cooperative learning and reading comprehension
b)
b. Cooperative reading and metacognition
c)
c. Reading comprehension and metacognition
d)
d. Cooperative learning and metacognition
78.
Which of the following is the most accurate characterization of dialects?
a)
a. They are non-standard versions of any language
b)
b. They are often seen as less socially acceptable
c)
c. They include linguistic features that are incorrect
d)
d. They indicate poor/incomplete language learning
79.
Which of the following choices would be the least effective example of an integrated curriculum that includes language arts instruction?
a)
a. Ms. Smith, a language teacher, confers with Mr. Langston, a history and social studies teacher. Ms. Smith shows Mr. Langston how to model previewing and predicting skills before he introduces a new unit or assignment so that the students build their comprehension skills while reading for information.
b)
b. A science teacher recognizes that the studens are having difficulty retaining information from their science textbooks when test time arrives. She creates a study guide with leading questions designed to help jog the students' memory about important concepts before the test.
c)
c. Ms. Shannon, an art teacher, plans a field trip to see the latest exhibit featuring a symbolic artis. A language teacher at her school joins the students at the museum to lead a discussion about the function of symbols and their meanings, as well as different methods of interpreting shared symbols in a society.
d)
d. A 1st grade teacher uses children's books that introduce mathematical skills. For example, she reads a book weekly that tells a story about children preparing for a picnic , adding and subtacting items they need for the trip along the way. She encourages the children to solve the math questions along with her during the story.
80.
A teacher has a student in her class who is not very motivated to write because he finds it difficult. She observes he has a highly visual learning style, does not like reading books but loves graphic novels, and has considerable artistic drawing talent and interest. Which of the following instructional strategies would best address his individual needs, strengths, and interests?
a)
a. Giving him audio recordings to accompany and guide his writing homework.
b)
b. Letting him complete all assignments by drawing pictures instead of writing
c)
c. Having him draw the pictures and write accompanying text in graphic novels.
d)
d. Providing and assigning him to view animated videos on the topic of writing.
81.
A reading teacher feels that some of his strategies aren't effective. He has asked a specialist to observe him and make suggestions as to how he can improve. The reading specialist should suggest that first:
a)
a. Theteacher set up a video camera and record several sessions with different students for the specialist to review. The presence of an observer changes the outcome; if the specialist is in the room, it will negatively affect the students' ability to read
b)
b. The teacher reflects on his strategies himself. Which seem to work: Which don't ? Can the teacher figure out why? It's always best to encourage teachers to find their own solutions so that they can handle future issues themselves
c)
c. they meet to discuss areas the teacher is most concerned about and decide on the teacher's goals
d)
d. The specialist should arrive unannounced to observe the teacher nteracting with students. This will prevent the teacher from unconsciously over-preparing
82.
Which of the following is an example of a portmanteau
a)
a. fax
b)
b. brunch
c)
c. babysitter
d)
saxophone
83.
Which answer choice describes the best sort of classroom modifications for a 1st grade student with Auditory Processing Disorder?
a)
a A multi-sensory literacy approach using tactile, kinesthetic, visual and auditory techniques in combination with systematic instruction.
b)
b. Modified lessons that teach concepts without the use of reading skills
c)
c. Extra practice in reading on a daily basis
d)
d. Creating engaging activities that will capture Amelia's interest in reading and introducing texts that will motivate her to complete lessons
84.
To measure children's emergent literacy development, an early childhood teacher infromally evaluates their performance and behaviors during daily classroom activities. This is an example of wht kind of assessment?
a)
a. Formative assessment
b)
b. Summative assessment
c)
c. Both (a) and (b)
d)
d. Neither (a) nor (b)
85.
Round-Robin reading refers to the practice of allowing children to take turns reading portions of a text aloud to the rest of the group during class. Which of the following statements is least true about this practice?
a)
a. Students have the chance to practice reading aloud with this strategy
b)
b. This practice is ineffective in its use of time, leaving students who are not reading aloud to become bored or daydream
c)
c. Round-robin reading lacks the creativity or engaging qualities that will interest students in building literacy skills
d)
d. This practice helps students feel comfortable with reading aloud due to continuous practice and encouragement from the teacher and peers.
86.
Which of the following correctly represents the sequence of stages or steps in the writing process?
a)
a Prewriting, drafting, revising, editing, publishing
b)
b. Prewriting, drafting, editing, publishing, revising
c)
c. Prewriting, editing, drafting, revising, publishing
d)
d. Prewriting, drafting, editing, revising, publishing
87.
The words chow, whoosh, and stalk all contain
a)
a. Blends
b)
b. Digraphs
c)
c. Trigraphs
d)
d. monoliths
88.
Which of the following words would a student working on short vowel sounds most likely decode easily?
a)
Farm
b)
Was
c)
Pig
d)
The
89.
A teacher shows the word “chip” along with a picture of a potato chip. Teacher: If we want to sound out the word “chip,” we would say /k/ /h/ /i/ /p/. Student: No, that doesn’t sound right.
Teacher: You are correct. Instead of saying the /k/ and /h/ sounds, we say the special sound /ch/ at the beginning of the word.
Which of the following skills is the teacher introducing?
a)
Consonant Diagraph
b)
Consonant Blend
c)
Vowel Diagraph
d)
Vowel Diphthong
90.
A teacher gives students a set of cards, which are represented in the following table.
C AT
P OT
R AT
P IG
B UG
TW IG
Which TWO of the following activities will the cards best help students complete?
a)
Identifying rimes
b)
Identifying onsets
c)
Forming rhyming words
d)
Forming multisyllabic words
e)
Breaking words into individual phonemes
91.
Which of the following words contains a vowel, consonant, e syllabication pattern?
a)
Whale
b)
Pumpkin
c)
Title
d)
Puzzle
92.
In the word “restructure,” the word part “struct” is its
a)
Suffix
b)
Prefix
c)
Root
d)
Rime
93.
Which TWO of the following are functions of a suffix when it is added to a verb?
a)
To alter the tense of the verb
b)
To give the verb an opposite meaning
c)
To change the verb to a different part of speech
d)
To change the emphasis of the verb's pronunciation
e)
To describe the verb's relationship with other words in a sentence
94.
Which of the following student behaviors best signals a need for more instruction in accuracy?
a)
The student shows no interest in reading the text
b)
The student reads the text in a monotone voice
c)
The student misreads several words in the text
d)
The student reads the text very slowly
95.
A teacher uses the following sentence when discussing parts of speech. The cat hid under the towel.
In the sentence, the word “under” is functioning as
a)
An adjective
b)
an article
c)
an adverb
d)
a preposition
96.
A kindergarten teacher shows students a page from a book with one line of text and asks the following questions.
Can you show me with your finger which way I go as I read the page? Can you show me the word I should read first?
What is this called or used for? [teacher points to question mark]
The activity will best help to reinforce which of the following skills?
a)
Phonological awarness
b)
Alphabetic Principle
c)
Concepts of print
d)
Phonics
97.
A teacher is using the following sentence to demonstrate figurative language.
While running through the field of flowers, Fiona saw five finches flying through the air toward their nest.
The sentence includes an example of which of the following?
a)
Hyperbole
b)
Simile
c)
Onomatopoeia
d)
Alliteration
98.
How many phonemes are in the word “ball”?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
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