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WorksheetsFinal Exam Review
Total questions: 76
Worksheet time: 4hrs 48mins
As drafted by the Second Continental Congress the Articles of Confederation established the
three branches of the United States government.
first national government of the United States.
process of electing representatives to the Congress.
the executive branch of government
The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 established which procedure?
admission of a state into the Union
election of state governors by the people
collection of property taxes from state residents
election of state governors by the people
The Articles of Confederation made it difficult for Congress to protect the nation against foreign threats by
placing high tariffs on imports of military supplies.
not creating a national budget for defense spending.
not instituting a mandatory draft.
declaring it impossible to force states to provide soldiers.
The Three-Fifths Compromise
granted three-fifths of freed slaves the right to vote.
freed three-fifths of slaves in the southern states.
determined how many representatives a state would have in the Congress by counting three-fifths of the state’s slave population.
decided to give an extra delegate to each state that had banned the slave trade, giving northern states a three-fifths majority in the Congress.
The framers of the Constitution created a system of checks and balances to
outline the powers held by each branch of government.
keep any one branch of government from becoming too powerful.
strengthen the powers held by each branch of government.
give the people an opportunity to control the branches of government.
What determines how many members represent each state in the House of Representatives?
apportionment, a system designed to keep the number of representatives at 435
the U.S. Constitution, which assigned a fixed number of seats to each state
state tax revenues, which indicate how valuable a state’s voice is to the nation
the U.S. Census, a nationwide population count taken every ten years
What is the function of Congress in the federal government?
Congress is the legislative branch, which makes the nation’s laws.
The executive branch is led by Congress, which can veto the nation’s laws.
The judicial branch is led by Congress, which interprets the nation’s laws.
Congress is the judicial branch, which enforces the nation’s laws.
The president can check the power of the legislative branch by
petitioning Congress.
vetoing a law.
issuing an executive order.
granting a pardon.
On what grounds can a federal court strike down a state or federal law?
The law goes against existing laws.
The law overlaps existing laws.
The law is unconstitutional.
The law repeats basic common sense.
Why do American men 18 years old or older have to register with selective service?
so the federal government can contact them in case of a military draft
so that state-based political campaigns can get them to vote
so that state colleges can tell them about financial aid programs
so the local court system can call on them to sit for jury duty
The electoral college is a
school for the advanced study of voting practices and political campaigning.
group of voters hand-picked for cabinet positions by the president-elect.
body of delegates from each state that casts the deciding votes for president.
name given to all voters who cast ballots in presidential elections.
The national debt can best be defined as the amount of money owed
by the nation to foreign countries and the nation’s citizens.
by the federal government to domestic debtors.
to the nation by the nation’s citizens and by foreign countries.
to the federal government by individual states.
The main threat faced by Americans in the Northwest Territory was
Native American tribes supplied with guns and ammunition by the British.
Native American attacks on supply lines into the territories.
harsh winter conditions and inadequate forts.
tornadoes that destroyed much of the farmland.
In his farewell address George Washington warned against
burdening future generations with debt.
observing good faith and justice towards all nations.
establishing political unity within the nation.
maintaining the institution of slavery.
Which of these slogans might a Federalist have shouted at a party rally?
Jefferson for President!
Central Government over All!
Power to the People!
States Rule!
The Louisiana Purchase was significant to the United States because it
set a precedent regarding the purchase of territory without congressional approval.
nearly doubled the size of the country.
took New Orleans out of Spain’s control.
helped the United States challenge British power in North America.
What was the “spoils system” practiced by newly-elected president Andrew Jackson?
damaging the reputations of one’s political opponents
celebrating one’s victory over a period of months
raising the wages of one’s staff after a victory
rewarding supporters by giving them government jobs
In the early 1800s southerners opposed tariffs because tariffs
decreased the price of the goods they needed.
angered their European trading partners.
were higher in the South than in the North and West.
benefited only northern merchants.
What aspect of Native American history became known as the “Trail of Tears”?
the forced 800-mile march Cherokee Indians made in their removal from Georgia
the line connecting Seminole Indian settlements up and down Florida’s east coast
the streams of blood that flowed from the Sauk Indians in the Black Hawk War
the unpublished works on the Cherokee population written by Sequoya
How did the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed in 1848, affect the United States?
It drew the border line that divides the United States and Mexico to this day.
It forced the United States to give up vast acres of territory in the West.
It increased the size of the United States by almost 25 percent.
It enabled the United States to collect $18 million in property taxes from Mexico.
The Industrial Revolution is best defined as a
time of great excitement about mechanical approaches to controlling Nature.
series of explosive encounters between workers and wealthy factory owners.
period of rapid growth during which machines became essential to industry.
period of turmoil and upheaval within the United States government.
Which statement best describes working conditions at textile mills in the early 1800s?
Workers were fed three times a day to keep them strong and their health was a top priority of caring managers and investors.
Workers were fired after a single absence, forcing replacements to operate machinery they were not properly trained to use.
Workers suffered from health problems, such as chronic cough, due to unsafe conditions.
Each worker was free to choose the time at which the workday began so long as 8 to 10 hours of work a day were completed.
In the mid-1800s, most of America’s industry was located in the
South
Midwest
Northeast
West
Why did many southern cities and states pass laws to limit the rights of freed slaves?
Lawmakers felt freed slaves had not earned the benefits of citizenship.
State governments wanted to teach the lesson that freedom brings responsibility.
Southern citizens feared freed slaves would try to encourage slave rebellions.
White churches were losing members to the independent church movement.
Which was an aspect of the Fugitive Slave Act that horrified northerners?
Some free African Americans had been captured and sent to the South.
Many free African Americans were fleeing northern industries for Canada.
Many fugitive slaves from the South were pouring into northern cities.
Some abolitionists were using violence to get across a message of freedom.
The Emancipation Proclamation was an order from Lincoln
requiring slaves to join Union troops.
calling for all Confederate slaves to be freed.
ending slavery in the United States.
granting slaves U.S. citizenship.
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address reflected ideas from the Declaration of Independence in that it emphasized
protecting the rights of individuals.
establishing a limited government.
giving freedom and equal rights to slaves.
valuing liberty, equality, and democracy.
Why was the Battle of Gettysburg a turning point in the Civil War?
It resulted in the Confederacy losing over half of its troops.
It marked the first clear Union victory of the Civil War.
It was the last time Lee’s troops launched an attack in the North.
It was the scene of the surrender of the Confederate troops to the Union.
The Civil War began with the
election of Abraham Lincoln to the presidency.
abolition of slavery in the South.
declaration of war by President Lincoln.
firing of Confederate guns on Fort Sumter.
The main goal of Reconstruction was to
establish a new national government following the Civil War.
readmit the former Confederate states into the Union.
revive the economies of northern states after the Civil War.
provide newly freed slaves with land and money.
What did ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment mean for African Americans?
It provided African Americans with a future free from slavery.
It gave African American citizens the right to vote.
It gave African Americans the same economic opportunities as white Americans.
It provided African Americans with compensation for their labor during slavery.
After Reconstruction, southern governments passed the Black Codes to
limit the civil rights of freed African Americans.
show the federal government that the South could not be controlled.
provide work opportunities for freed African Americans in the South.
take steps to integrate African Americans into southern culture.
The Fourteenth Amendment defined who could be considered a U.S. citizen. Which group did the Amendment exclude from U.S. citizenship?
Confederacy supporters
African Americans
antislavery supporters
Native Americans
The Fifteenth Amendment protected the right of African American men to
equal treatment.
petition.
bear arms.
vote.
The verdict in Plessy v. Ferguson
legalized segregation as long as “separate-but-equal” facilities were provided.
stated that the Fourteenth Amendment could only be applied at the state level.
decided that the Civil Rights Act of 1875 was constitutional.
ended the reign of the oppressive Jim Crow laws in the United States.
How did the sharecropping system limit opportunities for African Americans to own farms and property?
Most sharecroppers were forced to grow crops like corn and wheat, which were never in high demand by the American public.
Most sharecroppers had to live off of the crops they grew for food and as a result never had any produce left to sell.
Most sharecroppers only earned a tiny fraction of the profits gained from landowners’ sales of the produce they grew.
Most sharecroppers lived in a cycle of debt, first buying goods on credit and then failing to make much money selling their crops.
What was the transcontinental railroad meant to connect?
Canada to the southern United States
the eastern United States to the West
the southern United States to the North
Canada to Mexico and Central America
In the context of the history of the West, what is a reservation?
a tract of public land set aside for Native Americans
a promise to have something held for personal use
an area designated for Native Americans to breed livestock
a condition upon which the carrying out of a treaty depends
Why did labor unions form?
Immigrants did not want to compete with natives for jobs.
Workers needed to increase their bargaining power.
Factory managers would only hire union labor.
Women wanted equal treatment in the workplace.
What is one of the fundamental differences between capitalism and socialism?
Under socialism, the government owns the factories and raw materials.
Under capitalism, unions use collective bargaining rather than aggressive tactics.
Under socialism, unions are organized by industry rather than skill level.
Under capitalism, the government can interfere in the marketplace and set prices.
In 1764, Parliament passed the Sugar Act in response to Prime Minister George Grenville’s request to tax the colonists. The British prime minister made that request to
pay the costs of the French and Indian War.
pay the costs of the Seven Years’ War.
replace British ships that had been damaged by smugglers.
replace British goods that had rotted because of a boycott.
The Boston Tea Party clearly demonstrated how
unhappy colonists were with new British laws.
much colonists cared for tea in relation to other imports.
easily colonists could tell cheap tea from expensive tea.
angry colonists were even before the Boston Massacre.
Which of the following is not one of the ways Massachusetts was punished for the Boston Tea Party?
Its charter was canceled.
Boston Harbor was closed.
The colonial governor had to approve when the legislature could meet.
Bostonians had to search for and recover the discarded tea.
As a result of the First Continental Congress,
the Declaration of Independence was drafted.
the Declaration of Rights was drafted.
colonists agreed to comply with the majority of British rules.
King George agreed to comply with the majority of the colonists’ demands.
What was the main issue debated during the Second Continental Congress?
whether to seek a peaceful or violent solution
how to plan a surprise attack against Britain
how to convert more colonists to the Patriot cause
whether foreign allies would be beneficial
Why was the idea of taxation without representation so important to the revolutionary cause?
Colonists believed King George III had violated their rights by taxing them without their consent.
Great Britain would have ended taxation if colonists had kept the peace.
Colonists believed that Great Britain should only tax certain items.
Great Britain only taxed the colonists to force them into war.
The Declaration of Independence raised questions about slavery because the document
stated that colonial leaders did not believe slavery should be legal.
ensured that slaves would have to fight in the Revolution.
proposed passing laws that would grant rights to slaves.
conveyed a message that was not consistent with the practice of slavery.
Which of these was not a result of the Treaty of Paris of 1783?
America’s borders were set.
The war was officially over.
Great Britain recognized the independence of the United States.
Land west of the thirteen colonies was given to France.
Use your knowledge of Social Studies to select two main purposes of the Bill of Rights
protect basic freedoms and limit the power of the federal government
to limit the powers of state governments and maintain a strong federal government
outlining the rights of the federal government and strengthen the economy of the US
state the ways in which citizens can participate in government and how amendments are passed
What is a federal system of government designed to do?
place sovereign authority in the hands of the executive branch
limit the role of the central government to providing postal services
divide powers between the states and the national government
stretch the reserved authority of the states when necessary
The First Amendment protects
the right to a speedy and public trial.
the right to keep and bear arms.
freedom of religion, speech, petition and assembly.
freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures.
The temperance movement was a
faith-based initiative to restrict the use of alcohol to religious ceremonies.
commercial bid to ban the manufacture of hard liquor and beer by private sellers.
scientific study of the side-effects of daily alcohol consumption on adult males.
reform effort to urge people to use self-discipline to stop drinking hard liquor.
Which of these contributions did Horace Mann and other members of the common-school movement believed that all children should
learn in the same place regardless of their backgrounds and lengthen school year.
receive the bulk of their education at home.
learn a trade in school rather than study academic subjects.
attend school for eight hours a day, every day.
The Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 was significant because it
forced the government to discuss petitions against slavery.
marked the start of the organized women’s rights movement.
granted women the right to participate in the voting process.
revealed the need for temperance and educational reforms.
How was life in southern cities similar to plantation life in the 1800s?
Public education was widely available.
Local governments funded water systems.
Slaves did most of the work.
Business owners maintained streets.
How did Southern states commonly restrict African American voting rights after the 15th Amendment?
by using state militias
by using federal and supreme court rulings
by cancelling federal elections
by enforcing poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfater clauses
Which of the following states best explains the belief of Manifest Destiny
the Whig party believed it was their right to establish laws that limited the rights and freedoms of foreign immigrants
the US government believed it was their God-given right to own land from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean
state governments believed they had the power to override federal laws they demeed unconstitutional
the US Supreme Court believed they had the authority to overturn Presidential executive orders
Which statement best describes how the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 increased sectional tensions between free and slave states prior to the Civil War?
Slaves who were freed were encouraged to live as free men in the new territory, which caused outrage across the slaves states
Kansas and Nebraska were admitted to the Union as Free states, disrupting the balance of free and slave states and agitating the south
The law allowed southerners to capture runaway slaves and also arrest suspects who helped them, aggravating the anti-slavery movement
People from Missouri crossed the border and voted illegally to help Kansas become a slave state, angering those who apposed slavery in the north
How did the invention of the cotton gin affect the South?
it led to the decline of slavery
it led to a decrease in factory jobs
it made cotton farming more profitable
it made cotton clothing more expensive
Why did Congress pass the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
to make land available for miners and farmers
to provide river access to factory owners to power their mills
to organize territory west of the Mississippi River
to protect American Indians from settlers encroaching on their land
Which issue most led to the Constitutional Convention?
creating government checks and balances
the role of the VP
managing disputes among the states
the process of becoming an American citizen
As a result of Judicial Review as established in Marbury v Madison, the Supreme Court can do which of the following
it limited the use of the elastic clause of the Constitution
it formed regulation for interstate commerce
it strengthened the contract clause of the Constitution
it formed judicial review and reverse lower courts decisions
What resulted from the Confederate attack and capture of Fort Sumter in 1861?
it decreased the support for the war in the North
it encourage European nations to give military aid to the Confederacy
it increased the support for secession in the South
it persuaded the Union to compromise with the demands of the Confederacy
How did Susan B. Anthony influence the course of US History?
she inspired enslaved people to fight for freedom
she organized women to protest for equality
she improved the working conditions in factories
she promoted the building of public schools
How did the US Constitution resolve the issue of determining representation between large and small states in the legislative branch?
it created a Supreme Court
it created the Electoral College
it created a two house Congress
it created a four year term for office of President
Which group actively suppressed the political and economic rights of African Americans through acts of intimidation and violence?
Know Nothing Party
Ku Klux Klan
Carpetbaggers
Copperheads
Why might states in the South have objected the passage of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?
it would ban slavery in a particular region
it would increase competition for growing cash crops
it would require raising taxes to purchase the territory
the public education in the territory would attract enslaved peoples
Which part of the Preamble to the United States Constitution is directly addressed when the government creates armed forces?
establishing justice
forming a more perfect union
promoting the general welfare
providing for the common defense
Despite their differences, the Federalist and the Anti-Federalists were able to compromise and ratify the Constitution with the addition of what?
Bill of Rights
Articles of Confederation
Preamble to the Constution
Mayflower Compact
What impact did the 1820 Missouri Compromise have on the United States?
it temporally decreased tension in Congress on the issue of slavery
it established US American Indian Policy in the western territories
it established the route of the transcontinetal railroad
it slowed settlement and trade in the western territories
What factor most influenced large-scale westward migration in the United States during the mid-1800s?
the growth of textile industries
the expansion of the railroad system
the establishment of local business
the development of the telegraph system
Why do historians use a variety of sources when they are writing a research article?
to ensure that their conclusions are valid
to discover opinions idential to their own
to show their ability to use information resources
to show how knowledge changes with technology
Title ___________________
1776 - Declaration of Independence signed
1781 - Articles of Confederation approved
1787 - United States Constitution signed
What title best describes the list of documents?
Colonization of North America
Creation of a New Nation
The American Revolution
The Prosperous Nation
“The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.”
- Tenth Amendment of the US Constitution
How did interpretation of the Tenth Amendment contribute to tensions leading to the Civil War?
The Tenth Amendment limited power given to the states
The Tenth Amendment allowed the states to create their own laws about slavery
The Tenth Amendment created economic inequality among states
The Tenth Amendment allowed the people in the states to maintain their own armies
Which statement best describes the central goal of the Freedmen’s Bureau?
To provide emergency food, housing, and medical aid for African Americans
To gain political support for the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments
To establish harsh penalties against southern governments that violated the rights of African Americans
To provide transportation for African Americans moving to northern states
Which statement most accurately compares the United States in 1800, to the United States in 1898?
There were more immigrants in 1800 than in 1898
There were more over-land transportation routes in 1800 than in 1898
The country had more wealth in 1800 than in 1898
The country was physically smaller in 1800 than in 1898
