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Protein Synthesis

Total questions: 65

Worksheet time: 33mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The information about an organism’s heredity is stored in its DNA. DNA is located in the cell’s _____________________. 
a)
mitochondria
b)
lysosomes
c)
nucleus
2.
·  Copying and carrying the genetic code is the responsibility of which molecule?
a)
RNA
b)
Glucose
c)
Oxygen
3.
The base Uracil is only found in which molecule?
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Carbohydrates
4.
DNA never leaves the nucleus
a)
True
b)
False
5.
Proteins are made of which molecule?
a)
Amino Acids
b)
Lipids
c)
Carbohydrates
6.
What does transcription mean?
a)
To make a copy
b)
To erase
c)
To run away
7.
DNA is a double helix.
a)
True
b)
False
8.
RNA is a double helix
a)
True
b)
False
9.
Muscles are made of proteins.
a)
True
b)
False
10.
An organism's DNA is a code to make proteins.
a)
True
b)
False
11.

Which of the following are differences in the structure between RNA and DNA

a)

DNA uses deoxyribose sugar, RNA uses sugar ribose

b)

DNA pairs Adenine with Uracil, RNA pairs Adenine with Thymine

c)

DNA is a double helix, RNA is a single helix

d)

DNA pairs Adenine with Thymine, RNA pairs Adenine with Uracil

12.

During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

dRNA

13.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

14.

These building blocks consist of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base.

a)

Ribose

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Gene

d)

Protein

15.

A string of nucleotides that contain the information to make a specific protein

a)

Ribose

b)

Amino Acids

c)

tRNA

d)

Gene

16.

During translation, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for delivering amino acids to help make a protein.

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

dRNA

17.

There are a total of ____ different amino acids

a)

20

b)

1

c)

4

d)

unlimited

18.

mRNA occurs during this process

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

Delivery

19.

How many amino acids are found on one tRNA?

a)

20

b)

4

c)

1

d)

3

20.
This is the triplet of bases on the end of a tRNA molecule
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
21.
The process where DNA is transcribed to mRNA happens in what part of the cell?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
22.
The function of ______ is to combine with proteins to form ribosomes.
a)
rRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
mRNA
d)
DNA
23.
The process where mRNA is read and made into an amino acid chain.
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Transportation
d)
Transient
24.
What is the three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid?
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
25.
What is the mRNA strand that would result from the DNA template strand CCTA?
a)
GGAT
b)
CCAT
c)
GGAU
d)
CCAU
26.
The process where mRNA is translated into amino acids happens in what part of the cell?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
27.
The principle shown in the image is called what?
a)
Transcription
b)
The Central Dogma
c)
Translation
d)
The Principle of Proteins
28.
Which of these nitrogenous bases is NOT in RNA?
a)
Uracil
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Guanine
29.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______. 
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
30.
DNA holds the code for
a)
lipids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
protein
d)
sugar
31.

In what process is mRNA synthesized?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

DNA Replication

d)

Mitosis

32.
The mRNA leaves the ________ to find the ribosome to make proteins.
a)
cell
b)
nucleotide
c)
nucleus
33.

Why must transcription occur in the nucleus?

a)

because DNA can't leave the nucleus

b)

because ribosomes are in the nucleus

c)

because DNA polymerase is found there

d)

because helicase unzips the DNA

34.

How are DNA and RNA different? (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY)

a)

Only DNA can leave the nucleus

b)

RNA contains Thymine; DNA contains Uracil

c)

DNA is double stranded, RNA is a single stranded

d)

DNA contains Thymine, RNA contains Uracil

35.

Which organelle contains rRNA and reads the mRNA to synthesize a protein?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

36.

Choose the sequence of the mRNA strand that would match up with to the following DNA strand:

GTACAT

a)

CATGTA

b)

GAUCUA

c)

CAUGUA

d)

CUTGTU

37.

What brings the amino acids to the ribosome to assemble a protein?

a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)

DNA

38.

How many nucleotides code for 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

39.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

40.
The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____
a)
transcription
b)
rRNA
c)
replication
d)
translation
41.

Which anticodon would be placed in spot #2

a)

GGC

b)

CCA

c)

GGA

d)

GGT

42.

Which process does this diagram illustrate?

a)

transcription

b)

DNA replication

c)

translation

43.

What determines the shape and function of a protein?

a)

The sequence of amino acids

b)

The type of ribosome that assembles the protein

c)

The cell that manufactures the protein

44.

True or False: mRNA contains anticodons and tRNA contains codons.

a)

True

b)

False

45.

How can a mutation in the DNA sequence result in NO change to the protein that is made?

a)

There are multiple codons that can code for the same amino acid and result in the same protein

b)

There is always a change in the protein when a mutation occurs

c)

Only the mRNA is used in protein synthesis so a mutation in the DNA would have no effect on the protein

46.

The process of polymerization of amino acids to form a polypeptide chain is called (a)  

47.

The mRNA molecule is always translated in which polarity?

a)

3' to 5'

b)

5' to 3'

48.

mRNA molecule is always complementary in nature to_____

a)

cDNA

b)

tRNA

c)

3'-5' DNA

d)

None of the above

49.

The codon in the mRNA is read by ______ in the tRNA molecule

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Nitrogenous bases

c)

Purines and pyramidines

d)

Anticodon

50.

Why are the codons in the tRNA molecules are called anticodons?

a)

Because they are complementary to the sequence in the mRNA.

b)

Because they are opposite of the codons.

c)

Because they are non-nitrogenous bases

51.

Which organelle in the cell is involved in making the proteins?

(a)  

52.

Why are tRNA molecules are called adapter molecules?

a)

Because of its plug like appearence.

b)

Because they carry amino acids from the amino acid pool to the site of protein synthesis.

c)

Because of its clover leaf shape.

53.

The process of adding amino acids to the tRNA molecule is called

a)

Amino acylation of tRNA molecule.

b)

Charging of the tRNA molecule.

c)

Transfer of amino acid to the tRNA

d)

Coding of amino acid to the tRNA

54.

Which of the following is the characteristics of prokaryotic ribosomes?

a)

60S larger subunit, 40S smaller subunit

b)

50S larger subunit, 30S smaller subunit,

55.

What does S in the name of the subunits of the ribosomes denotes?

(a)  

56.

What does Svedberg unit signifies?

(a)  

57.

The sequences of the entire genome which can be used either in the process of replication or translation is called___

a)

Junk DNA

b)

Non readable frames

c)

Reading frames

d)

Open reading frames

58.

A sequence in the genome and in the RNA that can be used in the translation process is called an ORF

a)

False

b)

True

59.

ORF stands for (a)  

60.

What is a translation unit in the mRNA?

a)

A nucleotide sequence

b)

A coded language of the proteins

c)

A sequence which starts with a start codon and ends with a stop codon coding for a polypeptide sequence

d)

A complementary sequence of the template DNA

61.

UTR stands for

(a)  

62.

Does UTRs are used in the process of translation

a)

No

b)

Yes

63.

Where are UTRs usually found in the mRNA sequence?

a)

only before the start codon

b)

nowhere in the mRNA sequence

c)

only after the stop codon

d)

before the start of the start codon and after the end of the stop codon

64.

Addition of a formyl group to the amino acid methionine is called _____

a)

Transfer reaction

b)

Nucleophile substitution reaction

c)

Formylation reaction

d)

Ionization reaction

65.

Formylated methionine tRNA acts a initiation amino acid in?

a)

Eukaryotic organisms

b)

Prokaryotic organisms

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