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Worksheets

Optics Exam 1

Total questions: 199

Worksheet time: 2hrs 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Vision is not possible without (a)  

2.

Which of the following is a fundamental element of our vision?

a)

The Lens

b)

Light

c)

The Cornea

d)

The Retina

3.

Which of the follow are the four fundamental properties of light?

a)

Wavelength

b)

Polarization

c)

Intensity/Energy

d)

Coherence

e)

Particles

4.

Which of the following falls under geometrical optics?

a)

Wavelength

b)

Intensity

c)

Polarization

d)

Coherence

5.

Which of the following fall under physical and visual optics?

a)

Wavelength

b)

Intensity/Energy

c)

Coherence

d)

Polarization

6.

Light is both a _____ and ______.

a)
particle and wave
b)

liquid and wave

c)

particle and solid

d)
liquid and gas
7.

Light is made of particles called _________, that travel in a ______ pattern

(a)  

8.

Frequency of a photon is

a)

Dependent on the number of times it passes a given point during a fixed about of time.

b)

Dependent on the speed of light

c)

Dependent on the mass of the object it is traveling through

d)
Dependent on its color
9.

Frequency (v) is define as ____ and the unit is ____ or ______

(a)  

10.

T (Period)=

a)

time it takes a photon to complete one cycle, in seconds

b)

time it takes a photon to complete 100 cycle, in seconds

c)

time it takes a photon to complete one cycle, in hours

11.

Frequency does not depend on

(a)  

12.

The frequency (perceived color) of light only depends on

a)

vibrational state of the molecules in the medium light travels

b)

vibrational state of the molecules of the source

c)

distance traveled by photon

d)

the medium in which light travels

13.

Wavelength of light can be defined as

a)

distance the photon travels in one T (cycle)

b)
The speed of light in a vacuum
c)
The frequency of light waves
d)
The amplitude of light waves
14.

Wavelength (λ) =

(a)  

15.

Combination of all visible wavelengths makes up

(a)  

16.

The higher the frequency the (a)   the wavelength

17.

Wavelength depends on the frequency of light but can change with the

(a)  

18.

Speed of light in a vacuum/air is

(a)  

19.

Energy (E) of light =

(a)  

20.

Plank constant (h) =

(a)  

21.

Because shorter wavelengths of light carry ore energy they are also

(a)  

22.

Photon Energy is the same in all media

a)

True

b)

False

23.

Visible light is only a (a)   part of the larger electromagnetic spectrum

24.

A (a)   source of light generates radiation

25.

Photons always move at the same speed

a)

True

b)

False

26.

Photons slow down in optically dense media

a)

True

b)

False

27.

Dense in optics refers to

a)

Less resistance

b)

More resistance

28.

Rare in optics refers to

a)

Less resistance

b)

More resistance

29.

Refractive index of a medium (n) is

a)
The ratio of speed of light in vacuum to that in the medium
b)
The ratio of speed of light in medium to that in vacuum
c)
The ratio of speed of light in air to that in vacuum
d)
The ratio of speed of light in vacuum to that in air
30.

Refractive index of a medium is the quantification of the optical density of the medium

a)

True

b)

False

31.

The refractive index of a medium varies with frequency and wavelength

a)

True

b)

False

32.

The ______ the frequency, the _______ the refractive index of the medium, and the _______ the wavelength.

(a)  

33.

The _____ the frequency, the _____ the refractive index of the medium and the _____ the wavelength.

(a)  

34.

Since energy remains constant. Which of the following is must be true?

a)

The frequency decreases in denser media

b)

The speed of light decreases in denser media

c)

The wavelength increases in denser media

d)

The wavelength decreases in denser media

35.

Which of the following changes in different media?

a)

Wavelength

b)

Frequency

c)

Energy

d)

Intensity

36.

The distance light travels in air/a vacuum is called the

(a)  

37.

Distance light traveled in a medium during the same amount of time as light traveling in air

(a)  

38.

The index of refraction can be defined as

a)

ratio of the speed of light in air to the speed of light in a medium

b)

ratio of the distance light traveled in air to speed of light in a medium

c)

ratio of the distance light traveled in air to distance traveled in a medium

d)

ratio of the speed of light air to distance traveled in a medium

39.

Optical Path Length (OPL) =

(a)  

40.

How does light interact with the environment?

a)

Reflection

b)

Refraction

c)

Absorption

d)

Scattering

e)

Transmission

41.

Incident light can result in

a)

Transmission

b)

Reflection

c)

Refraction

d)

Scattering

42.

Refraction is

a)

Change in direction of light when it enters a medium with a different refractive index

b)
A type of reflection
c)
The splitting of light into different colors
d)
The speed of light in a vacuum
43.

Refraction is caused by

a)

change in energy

b)

change in speed

c)

change in frequency

d)

change in wavelength

44.

Which of the following is Snell's Law (Law of Refraction) equation?

a)

E=hv

b)

n sin i=n' sin i'

c)

n=OPL/d

d)

v=1/T

45.

This imaginary perpendicular line to the surface of where the light ray strikes a surface is called (a)  

46.

The angles of incident and refraction are defined relatively to the _________

a)

parallel line to the surface

b)

normal of the light

c)

normal of the surface

d)

perpendicular line to the light rays

47.

Light traveling perpendicular to the surface (a)   change direction

48.

Light (a)   change direction if both media have the same index of refraction

49.

RDT stands for

(a)  

50.

DRA stands for

(a)  

51.

A critical angle and total internal reflection only occur when

a)

the mediums go denser to rarer

b)

the mediums go rarer to denser

c)

the mediums have the same index of refraction

52.

Angle of incidence for which the angle of refraction is 90 degrees

(a)  

53.

The equation for the critical angle is

(a)  

54.

When a light ray will not exit a medium and will remain confined inside the medium this is called

(a)  

55.
We never see the image (through light) of an object, always the object itself.
a)
True
b)
false
56.
Which of the following are a consequence of refraction?
a)
The object appears displaced.
b)
When looking at an object from a medium with a different index of refraction than that of the object the image does not match the object.
c)
The image appears displaced
d)
The object appears exactly where it is when changing between different indexes of refraction.
57.
What is true about the light propagation convention?
a)
Light can travel in all directions but we assume left to right and top to bottom
b)
Light always travels left to right.
c)
Light always travels right to left.
d)
Light travels in all directions and we must account for this
58.
The algebric distance to the object or image is always defined in reference to the refracting surface
a)
True
b)
false
59.
What is true about sign conventions?
a)
Distances in the direction of light are positive
b)
Distances in the opposite direction of light are negative.
c)
These rules apply in both conventional (L->R) optics and unconvention (R->L) optics
d)
These rules only apply in conventional (L->R) optics.
60.

Light rays always use the same path to travel from point A to point B and in the reversed direction from point B to point A ie light will follow exactly the same path if its direction is reversed.

(a)  

61.

The (a)   is the trajectory of a photon

62.
What is true about wavefronts?
a)
virtual surface that characterizes the direction of light propagation
b)
each wavefront represents a group of photons produced simultaneously by the source and traveling together.
c)
wavefronts will remain together throughout their journey
d)
wavefronts will disperse throughout their journey
63.
Light rays are never perpendicular to the wavefront at any point in space
a)
True
b)
false
64.

Imperfections of the wavefront

(a)  

65.

The (a)   is a bundle of light rays sharing the same wavefront

66.

A beam of light can also be called?

(a)  

67.
In a parallel or collimated pencil of light light rays travel?
a)
parallel to each other
b)
diverge from each other
c)
converge towards each other
68.

A collimated pencil has a point source at (a)   because all the rays are parallel and the wavefronts are flat. (Clinically set at distances greater than 20ft or 6m)

69.
In a diverging pencil of light the rays ________
a)
all emerge from a point source or object
b)
all travel parallel to each other
c)
all converge on a single point
70.

The wavefront becomes larger and (a)   as light rays move away from the point source

71.
In a pencil of light that is converging the rays are
a)
coming together at a given image point
b)
diverging away from a given image point
c)
all travel parallel to each other
72.

The wavefront becomes (a)   and more curved as light rays move toward the focusing point

73.

A real object will always produce a (a)   pencil of light rays

74.

A real image will always be formed by a (a)   pencil of light rays

75.
Mirrors and lenses are used to convert one form of light pencil into another
a)
True
b)
false
76.

The (a)   of light at any given point in space is the curvature of the wavefront at that point.

77.
What is true about vergence of light?
a)
written as (L) in equations
b)
the units are diopters (D) aka 1/meters
c)
L=n/l
d)
we should always provide the sign and record to two decimal places
78.
A diverging pencil of light rays has a
a)
negative vergence
b)
positive vergence
c)
equal to zero vergence
79.
A converging pencil of light rays has a
a)
negative vergence
b)
positive vergence
c)
equal to zero vergence
80.
the vergence of parallel or collimated pencil of light rays have a
a)
negative vergence
b)
positive vergence
c)
equal to zero vergence
81.

the algebric distance from the wavefront to the ovject or image point source

(a)  

82.

the refractive index of the medium in which the wavefront is located

(a)  

83.
Diverging light comes
a)
from an object or point source
b)
towards an image point
84.
Converging light comes
a)
from an object or point source
b)
towards an image point
85.
The vergence of the object (L) at the refracting surface is the vergence of the wavefront striking the refracting surface.
a)
True
b)
false
86.
The vergence of the image (L') is the curvature of the wavefront emerging from the refracting surface.
a)
True
b)
false
87.

medium in which the wavefront is located right before it strikes the refracting surface.

(a)  

88.

medium in which the wavefront is located right after it leaves the refracting surface to form the image

(a)  

89.
The object space is not necessarily the space in which the object is located. Similarly, the image space is not necessarily the space in which the image is located.
a)
True
b)
false
90.

An object is (a)   if it produces a diverging beam of light (L<0 ie l<0)

91.

An object is (a)   if it produces a converging beam of light by extension (L>0 ie l>0)

92.

A (a)   image is formed by a converging beam of light (L'>0 ie l'>0) The image is accessible with a screen.

93.

A (a)   image is formed by a diverging beam of light, by extension (L'<0 ie l'<0). The image is not accessible with a screen.

94.
The Refractive or Dioptric power of a refracting surface defines its ability to change the vergence of an incoming pencil of light rays.
a)
True
b)
false
95.
Rays travelling normal to a plane refracting surface never change direction regardless of the refractive index difference.
a)
Snell's Law
b)
Refractive Power
c)
Dioptric Power
96.
A plance refracting surface has no refractive power (F=0) regardless of the refractive indices n and n' of the media surrounding it.
a)
True
b)
false
97.

A Plane refracting surface has (a)   effect on the vergence of a collimated beam of light rays.

98.
Which of the following is the LIFE equation?
a)
L+F=L'
b)
L'=n'/l'
c)
L=n/l
d)
F=0
99.

For plane refracting surfaces F= (a)   so that L=L'

100.
If the object is real the image will be real and vice-versa for plane refracting surfaces.
a)
True
b)
false
101.
Image vergence (L') equals of the sum of the object vergence (L) and the dioptic power of the refracting surface (F)
a)
True
b)
false
102.
Which of the following is true about lateral magnification (M)?
a)
M=h'/h=L/L'
b)
is the ratio of the size of the image to the size of the object
c)
aka linear or transervse magnification
d)
For plane refracting surface L=L' so M=1 and thus h=h'
e)
M=L/F
103.
for plane refracting surface l and l' have the same sign and thus the image will always be on the same side of a plane refracting surface
a)
True
b)
false
104.

The (a)   of an object depends on ts real size and how far it is located: This defines the angular size (a) of the object.

105.
Which of the following is the equation for the angular size (a)?
a)
a=h/d
b)
a=h*d
c)
a=L/L'
d)
a=h'/h
106.
The closer the object, the bigger it appears to be. The farther the object the smaller it appears to be.
a)
True
b)
false
107.
Which of the following is true for angular magnification (Mag)
a)
ratio of the angular size of the image by the angular size of the object
b)
Mag=a'/a=(h'/(-l'+d))/(h/(-l+d))
c)
Mag=M*(d-l)/(d-l')
d)
Mag=a'/a*M
108.
If the image is formed farther away from the observer Mag<1. Thus as the observer moves away from the refracting surface Mag increases.
a)
True
b)
false
109.
If the image is formed closer to the observer Mag>1. Thus as the observer moves away from the refracting surface Mag decreases.
a)
True
b)
false
110.

When looking at an object in a denser medium it appears closer (reduced distance) and therefore _________ (increase in the angular size. As you move away the Mag ________.

(a)  

111.

When looking at an object located in a rare medium it appears farther away (augmented distance) and ________ (decrease in the angular size). As you move away the Mag __________.

(a)  

112.
As a consequence of refraction at the plane refracting surface, when an object is seen from a medium of different refractive index, it appears displaced and its angular size changes.
a)
True
b)
false
113.
Plane refracting surface do possess the refractive power necessary to transform a diverging pencil of light into a converging pencil of light
a)
True
b)
false
114.
The image of a real object through a plane refracing surface is always virtual regardless of the refractive indices
a)
True
b)
false
115.
when looking at an object located in a denser medium if appears closer and bigger.
a)
True
b)
false
116.
when looking at an object in a rarer medium it appears farther and smaller
a)
True
b)
false
117.
If the surface of all optical elements of our eye was a plane we would be able to form a real image on the retina
a)
True
b)
false
118.
The refractive error of the eye is caused by excess or insufficient dioptric power to focus the incoming light on the retina
a)
True
b)
false
119.
The eyes refractive error can be compensated by supplying the eye with supplemental negative or positive dioptric power through curved refracting surfaces
a)
True
b)
false
120.

The (a)   is the radius of the imaginary sphere that best overlaps with a surved refracting surface.

121.

The (a)   is the reciprocal of the radius of curvature.

122.
The radius of curvature at any given point S of the surface is the algebric distance (r=SC=C-S) from the surface (S) to the center of curvature (C)
a)
True
b)
false
123.
What is true about the radius of curvature
a)
can be a positive or negative value
b)
if r is positive S->C is in the direction of light propagation
c)
if r is negative S->C is in the opposite direction of light propagation
d)
if r is negative S->C is in the direction of light propagation
e)
if r is positive S->C is in the opposite direction of light propagation
124.
The curvature R=1/r can ony be a positive value
a)
True
b)
false
125.

describes a surface that bulges outwards

(a)  

126.

describes a surface that curves inwards

(a)  

127.
The dioptric power is best evaluated for an object 1 meter away from the refracting surface
a)
True
b)
false
128.
As the refracting surface becomes curved…
a)
the rays away from the optical axis are no longer normal to the surface
b)
the rays at the optical axis are no longer normal to the surface
c)
the refracting rays are refracted according to Snell's Law
d)
the rays farther away from the optical axis experience the strongest refraction
e)
the rays closest to the optical axis experience the strongest refraction
129.
As the curvature of the surface increases
a)
the radius of curvature decreases
b)
the angle of incidence is higher
c)
the refraction is enhanced enabling the rays to focus at a single image point
d)
the angle of incidence decreases
e)
the radius of curvature increases
130.
The angle of incidence increases as you move away from the optical axis, therefore peripheral rays have a higher angle of incidence and exhibit a stronger refraction
a)
True
b)
false
131.
A diverging beam can also be produced if the surface is curved in the opposite direction or the refractive indices are reversed
a)
True
b)
false
132.
What is true about dioptric power (F)?
a)
F=(n'-n)/r=(n'-n)R
b)
is the product of the curvature of the surface and the refractive index difference around the surface
c)
F is independent of the direction of light propagation.
d)
F is dependent upon light propagation
133.

Refractive index (n) of the medium of the incident light

(a)  

134.

Refractive index (n') of the medium of the emerging light

(a)  

135.

used to measure the curvature of a curved surface. Directly provides the dioptric power of a surface assuming a refractive index of 1.53

(a)  

136.
Which of the following is the equation for the chord (distance between outer probes) of a lens clock?
a)
d=2y
b)
d=2r
c)
d=2s
137.

The center probe of a lens clock moves relative to the outer probes. The depth between the center probe and the outer probes is called the sagittal depth (a)   of the surface.

138.
Which of the following are useful equations when working with a Lens clock?
a)
r=(y^2+s^2)/(2s)
b)
s=r-√(r^2-y^2)
c)
(r-s)^2+y^2=r^2
d)
Fmaterial=(nmaterial-1)/(1.53-1)*Fmeasured
139.
The surface is coverging or positive if its
a)
dioptic power is positive F>0
b)
r is positive and (n'-n) is positive
c)
r is negative and (n'-n) is negative
d)
r is negative and the change in n is positive
140.

A converging surface bends the incoming rays (a)   the optical axis

141.

A diverging surface bends the incoming rays (a)   from the optical axis

142.
The surface is diverging or negative if its
a)
dioptic power is negative F<0
b)
r is positive and (n'-n) is negative
c)
r is negative and (n'-n) is positive
d)
r is negative and (n'-n) is negative
143.
The surface is null if its
a)
dioptic power is null F=0
b)
r is equal to infinity (plane refracting surface)
c)
(n'-n) is equal to zero
d)
r is negative and (n'-n) is positive
144.
Which of the following are steps in evaluating the dioptric power of a surface without any calculations?
a)
Find the location of the center of curvature
b)
Identify the refractive index of the primary medium and secondary medium
c)
if C is on the left the radius is positive
d)
if C is on the right the radius is negative
e)
evaluate if F is positive or negative based on signs of r and C
145.

the point of convergence or divergence of a pencil of light rays incident parallel to the optical axis

(a)  

146.
What is true about the secondary focal point?
a)
associated with the refraction that occurs as light enters the secondary medium
b)
F' is on the positive side if the surface is converging
c)
F' is on the negative side if the surface is diverging
d)
F' is on the positive side if the surface is diverging
e)
F' is on the negative side if the surface is converging
147.

The (a)   is the distance F' from the apex of the surface (S) to the secondary focal point (F')

148.
The Dioptric power equation for a curved surface can be defined as
a)
F=n'/f'
b)
F=-n/f
c)
F=(n-n')/f
d)
F=(n-n')/f'
149.

the point of convergence or divergence of a pencil of incident light rays that emerges parallel to the optical axis

(a)  

150.
What is true about the primary focal point?
a)
can be associated with the refraction that occurs as light enters the primary medium
b)
F is on the negative side if the surface is converging
c)
F is on the positive side if the surface is diverging
d)
F is on the negative side if the surface is diverging
e)
F is on the positive side if the surface is converging
151.
The dioptic power of a surface is inversely proportional to the focal lengths.
a)
True
b)
false
152.
The sum of the primary and secondary focal lengths is equal to the radius of curvature of the surface f+f'=r
a)
True
b)
false
153.
Focal points and focal lengths change with the direction of light propagation
a)
True
b)
false
154.
Lateral magnification aka linear magnification aka transverse magnification can also = ratio of the object vergence to the image vergence
a)
True
b)
false
155.
What is true about image heights and lateral magnification?
a)

the image is magnified if |M|>1

b)

the image is minified if |M|<1

c)
the image is erect if M>0
d)
the image is inverted if M<0
156.
Can angular magnification be applied to curved refracting surfaces?
a)
yes
b)
no
157.
During ray tracing image location, size and orientation can achieved by tracing which three predictable rays
a)
Rays traveling through the center of curvature of a refracting surface are undeviated
b)
Rays incident parallel to the optical axis emerge toward the secondary focal point (F')
c)
Rays incident through the primary focal point (F) emerge parallel to the optical axis
d)
Rays traveling parallel to the normal of a refracting surface are undeviated
158.

When drawing light rays actual rays are _______ lines and ray extensions are ______ lines

(a)  

159.

When drawing object and image, real objects and real images are drawn with ________ lines; virtual objects and virtual images are drawn with ________ lines.

(a)  

160.
Which of the following are steps in ray tracing?
a)
find the center of curvature
b)
evaluate whether the surface is diverging or converging
c)
Locate F' and F
d)
Trace on ray through the center of curvature, another ray parallel to the optical axis then through F', one ray through the primary focal point then parallel
161.
Which of the following is true when an object moves from - infinity to F for a converging surface?
a)
the images moves from F' to + infinity
b)
the image is real
c)
the images is getting larger
d)
the image is getting smaller
e)
the image is inverted
162.
Which of the following is true when the object is located at 2F for a converging surface?
a)
the image is located at 2F'
b)
the image is real
c)
the image is the same size as the object
d)
the image is larger than the object
e)
the image is inverted
163.
Which of the follow is true when the object moves from F to S for a converging surface?
a)
the image becomes virtual
b)
the image is magnified
c)
the image is erect
d)
the image moves from - infinity to the surface where is catches up with the object
e)
the image is inverted
164.
When the object crosses S and becomes virtual for a converging surface the image becomes
a)
real
b)
erect
c)
minified
d)
located between S and F'
e)
virtual
165.
As an object moves from - infinity towards S for a diverging surface the image is
a)
virtual
b)
erect
c)
minified
d)
moving from the secondary focal point to the surface
e)
real
166.
When the object crosses the surface and moves between the surface and primary focal point for a diverging surface the image is
a)
real
b)
erect
c)
magnified
d)
moving faster from the surface to + infinity
e)
virtual
167.
When the object moves from F to 2F for a diverging surface the image is
a)
moving from - infinity to 2F'
b)
virtual
c)
inverted
d)
magnified
e)
minified
168.
When the object moves from 2F to + infinity for a diverging surface the image is
a)
moving from 2F' to F'
b)
virtual
c)
inverted
d)
minified
e)
real
169.
What do you need to do when tracing a random ray?
a)
locate C, F', and F
b)
trace a random ray from the tip of the surface
c)
trace a ray parallel to a random ray that is toward the primary focal point that emerges parallel to the optical access that at F' creates P
d)
trace the refracted ray of the random ray through point P
e)
trace the refracted ray of the random ray through 2F'
170.
Light rays entering a medium with a different refractive index oft exit the medium to form an image
a)
True
b)
false
171.
A lens is a transparent medium of a given refractive index that has only one refracting surface
a)
True
b)
false
172.
A lens has a front surface and a back surface
a)
True
b)
false
173.
The image formed by the front refracting surface becomes the object to the back refracting surface
a)
True
b)
false
174.
The lens is consiered a thin lens when its thickness is much larger than the other dimensions of the lens and space
a)
True
b)
false
175.
For thin lens the contribution of thickness to the image is
a)
negligible (<0.25D)
b)
considerable (>2D)
c)
basically zero (<0.1D)
176.

For a thin lens the vergence of rays that emerge from the front surface are (a)   as the vergence of rays that strike the back surface

177.
What is true about the equivalent or nominal power of a thin lens (FT)?
a)
equals the sum of refractive powers of the front and back surfaces
b)
FT=F1+F2
c)
accounts for the refractive index of the lens so we don't need to know the refractive index if equivalent power is known
d)
FT=F1-F2
178.
What is true about image formation for a thin lens?
a)
object vergence is the vergence of the rays that strike the front of the lens
b)
image vergence is the vergence of the rays that emerge from the back of the lens
c)
object vergence is the vergence of the rays that strike the back of the lens
d)
image vergence is the vergence of the rays that emerge from the front of the lens
179.
What is true about using the LIFE equation for thin lens?
a)
image vergence (L') equals the sum of the object vergence (L) and the nominal dioptric power (FT) of the lens
b)
L'=L+FT
c)
assume that the front and back surfaces of the lens are at the same location (thickness of lens is negligible)
d)
L=L'+FT
180.
What is true about converging thin lenses?
a)
the nomal dioptric power is positive
b)
the lens bends incoming rays toward the optical axis
c)
center lens thickness is larger than edge thickness
d)
the nominal dioptric power is negative
e)
center thickness of the lens is smaller than edge thickness
181.
What is true about diverging thin lenses?
a)

nominal dioptric power is negative

b)
the lens bends incoming rays away from the optical access
c)
the center thickness is smaller than its edge thickness
d)
the nominal dioptric power is positive
e)
the lends bend incoming rays toward the optical axis
182.

the (a)   of the thins lens it the point of divergence (- lens) or convergence (+lens) of an incident pencil of light rays that will emerge from the lens parallel to the optical axis

183.

The (a)   of the thins lens is the point of convergence (+lens) or divergence (-lens) of a pencil of light rays incident parallel to the optical axis.

184.
In general thin lenses are surrounded by the same medium (n'=n) this means
a)
the primary and secondary focal points (F & F') are located at equal distances on both sides of the lens
b)
the primary focal length equals the opposite of the secondary focal length
c)
f=-f'
d)

f'=f^2

185.
Which of the following is an equation for M?
a)
M=l'/l
b)
M=l/l'
c)
Mag=l'/l
d)
Mag=t/t'
186.
Which of the following are ray tracing conventions for thin lenses?
a)
Ray traveling through the center of the lens is undeviated
b)
ray incident parallel to the optical axis emerges toward the secondary focal point (F')
c)
ray travelling through the primary focal point (F) emerges parallel to the optical axis
d)
ray traveling through the center of the lens emerges parallel to the optical axis
187.
Which of the following are steps in ray tracing thin lenses?
a)
evaluate if the lens is converging
b)
locate F' and F
c)
trace the three predictable rays from the tip of the object
d)
locate C
188.
Which of the following is true about Newton's formula?
a)
alternative for thin lenses to find the image location relative to the F' and F
b)
x*x'=f'f
c)
x*x'=-(f')^2
d)
x^2=-f^2
189.

x is called the (a)   , the distance from f to the object

190.

x' is called the (a)   , the distance from f' to the image

191.

The (a)   leverages the principle of the Newton's formula to evaluate the accommodative response and refractive error of the patient's eye

192.
Which of the following is true about the Badal optometer?
a)
as the object's x varies from 0 to f the image's x' varies from f' to infinity with f' being the minimum viewing distance possible
b)
the patient's eye is placed at F' to keep the visual acuity constant during the accommodation stimulus which ensure the angular size of the image is constant
c)
a rearranged version of Newton's formulat is used to find the range of vision x'=-((f')^2)/x
d)
the Badal optometer can only be used by trained professionals
193.
What is true about optical systems with multiple thins lenses or refractive surfaces?
a)
most optical systems consist of multiple thin lenses or refracting surfaces to provide the necessary power needed to form the image at a specific location
b)
our eye is made of two lenses (cornea and lens) that work together to forma sharp image on the retina
c)
understandint multi-lens systems is the key to finding the right correction for a patient whose eye is too strong or too weak
d)
all principles learned in just thin lens and frefracting surfaces apply to individuals lens or surfaces
e)
the image formed by the first lens/surface becomes the object ot the second lens/surface and so on
194.
What is true about lateral magnification in a multi lens optical system?
a)
M is the product of the lateral magnification of each lens
b)
M=(L1/L1')*(L2/L2')
c)
M=M1*M2
d)
M=M1/M2
e)
M=(L1/L1')/(L2/L2')
195.
Which of the following are steps in ray tracing in a multi-lens system?
a)
evaluate the power of each lens (ie + or -)
b)
locate F' and F
c)
Trace the three predictable rays from the tip of the object for the first lens
d)
find the location of the intermediate image since it is the object for the second lens
e)
Repeat the process of tracing the three predictable rays for the 2nd object and 2nd lens
196.
What is true about thick lens systems?
a)
each surface of a thick lens can be treated as a refracting surface
b)
the refractive index on both sides of a refracting surface is not the same
c)
M=M1*M2
d)
l=l1
e)
l2=l1'-t
197.
What is true about using a the badal principle to find the power of an unknown lens.
a)
if the final image comes to a focus when the object is between F1 and lens 1 the unknown lens is converging
b)
if the final image comes to focus when the object is between F1 and - infinity the unknown lens is diverging
c)
the unknown lens should be located at the secondary focal point
d)
the object should be moved around F1 to form the final image at infinity
e)
the intermeated image will always be located at the primary focal point F2 which corresponds to x1'
198.

A manual lensometer uses the principle of the (a)   to measure the optical power of lenses.

199.
Which of the following are useful equations for applying the badal optometer principle to the lensometer?
a)
fv=x'=-(f's^2)/x
b)
Fv=-n/fv=(nx)/(f's^2)
c)
n=1.0000
d)
Fv=x'=-(f's^2)/x

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