A transport process, which the water and dissolve particles are forced across a membrane from an area of higher to lower pressure

A solution that contains a higher concertation of solutes compared to the fluid within the cell

A solution which the concentration of solute in the solution is same as the concentration of the solutes in the cell

A solution in which contains a lower concentration of solutes compared to the fluid of the cells

transport process involving the diffusion of a substances through a channel process

Folds of a cell membrane that greatly increase the surface are of a cell to facilitate absorption

Organelle that converts organic compound into atp

Type of cell division which the mother cell splits into two identical daughters cell

type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes. In humans, somatic cells are diploid, containing two sets of chromosomes

The Cells "control center" that contains a complete set of 46 chromosome

Cell and its function : different chemical - processes during cell metabolism provides energy for muscle contraction & heat production

Cell and its function : Cells synthesize various types of molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, & lipids. The different cells of the body do not all produce the same molecules. Therefore, the structural & functional characteristics of cells are determined by the types of molecules they produce.

Cell and its function : Cells produce & receive chemical & electrical signals signals that allow them to communicate with one another.

Cell and its function : Each cell contains a copy of the genetic information of the individual. Specialized cells (sperm cells & oocytes) transmit that genetic information to the next generation.

Cell membrane : each phospholipid molecule is directed toward the center of the membrane

Cell membrane : directed toward the fluid environment either outside or inside the cell

what gives added strength & flexibility in the phospholipid membrane

"float" among the phospholipid

molecules &, in some cases, extend from the inner to the outer surface of the cell membrane.

may be bound to some protein molecules, modifying their function

function as membrane channels, carrier molecules, receptor molecules, enzymes, or structural supports in the membrane.

are part of an intercellular communication system that enables cell recognition & coordination of the activities of cells

This are involved with the movement of the substance through the cell membrane

substances that found outside

substances that found inside

is the gel-like substance that fills the space between the plasma membrane & the nucleus. It consists of the intracellular fluid called consists of the intracellular fluid called cytosol & organelles.

It consists of water plus dissolved ions, proteins, amino acids, fatty acids, ATP, & gases which provides the avenue for most chemical reactions to occur.

is the large organelle usually found centrally. It carries the genetic material that contains information for cell activities & cell division.

consists of inner & outer membranes, which become fused at the nuclear pores.

-a condensed region of the nucleus not bounded by a membrane & consisting mostly of RNA & protein.

During most of a cell's life, the chromosomes are loosely coiled and collectively called chromatin. When a cell prepares to divide, the chromosomes becomes tightly coiled ; it is half of a chromosome

responsible for proteins synthesis, made of RNA & proteins. These organelles are formed by the nucleolus & sometimes associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum, some are located within mitochondria, & some are free-floating or termed as free-ribosomes. But whether free-floating or associated with organelles,

those that extends from the nuclear envelope & filled with ribosomes. These organelles synthesize glycoproteins & phospholipids that are then transferred into the plasma membrane, or secreted during exocytosis.

are without ribosomes & it is where fatty acids & steroids are being made detoxifies harmful substances & serves as a storage site for ionized calcium which gets released as part of an intracellular signal for muscle contraction & the actions of some chemical messengers called hormones.

is like a flattened sacs that acts like a pathway for processing proteins & lipids made by the Endoplasmic Reticulum.

It forms secretory vesicles that discharge processed proteins via exocytosis into extracellular fluid.

It forms membrane vesicles that ferry new molecules to the plasma membrane.

it has a various of digestive enzymes that

break down ingested material & worn-out organelles & release their components into the cytosol. It can digest the entire cells (autolysis) & carry out extracellular digestion.

Vesicles formed by endocytosis may fuse with lysosomes. The enzymes within the lysosomes break down the materials in the endocytic vesicle.

are small, membrane-bound vesicles containing enzymes that break down fatty acids, amino acids, & hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide is a by-product of fatty acid & amino acid breakdown & can be toxic to a cell. This enzymes break down hydrogen peroxide to water & 02. Cells active in detoxification, such as liver & kidney cells, and have many of this

inner membrane and fluids that fills inner membrane mitochondria

is made of networks of the following protein elements. It is like tree-branches that holds organelles in place & aid them in changing shape. These protein elements consists of microfilmers, intermediate filament & microtubules.

are small protein strands that Provide mechanical support & generate force for movement which are analogous to muscles in your body. Anchor proteins within the plasma membrane & provide support for microvilli.

on the other hand are protein strands that are larger than microfilaments but smaller than microtubules. They hold organelles in place & attach cells to one another

are long, hollow protein tubes that determine shape & movement similar to the way bones shape your body. They are also the stiff components of cilia & flagella

are like mini-tunnels that are stacked together by 3 (microtubule triplets) & formed a cylindrical organelle composed of nine triplets

Cell transport: inside the cell - sample substances that can be found are enzymes, glycogen & potassium ions

Cell transport: fluids that outside the cell

Cell transport: fluids between cell within tissue

Cell transport: fluid within a blood vessel

Cell transport: fluid within lymphatic vessel

Cell transport: fluid that surrounds brain & spinal cord

As they move across cells & within the cells substances including gases, nutrients & ions are dissolved in the various fluids

Cell transport: a substance that is being dissolved in the various fluids

Cell transport: a fluid or gas in which solute is being dissolved

Cell transport: the amount of solute dissolved in given volume of solvent

Cell transport: the difference in concentration of a

substance between two areas.

no cellular energy required during transport.

Ex. Diffusion, osmosis & facilitated diffusion

-certain amount of cellular energy is needed to help transport to be successful. Includes itself, secondary active transport, endocytosis & exocytosis

INVOLVES THE PUMPING OF ON CHEMICAL SPECIES AGAIST AN ELECTROCHEMICAL GRADIENT AT THE EXPENSE OF A SECOND

Is the process where in solutes moves from an area of high to low concertation ; both solutes and solvent moves

Is the process where in solutes moves from an area of high to low concertation ; both solutes and solvent moves

Channels constantly allow ions to pass through

Channels that limit movement of ions across the membrane by opening and closing

movement of solvent across a semipermeable membrane from high to low solvent concentration ; only solvent moves

Vesicle in cytoplasm moves to plasma membrane fuses with it; contents released to the outside such as hormones,digetive enzyme. etc

Vesicle forms from a patch of inward-sinking plasma membrane, enters cytoplasm

Cell eats

Cell drinks

a form of endocytosis in which receptor proteins on the cell surface are used to capture a specific target molecule