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WorksheetsAP Bio Unit 1 Test Review
Total questions: 69
Worksheet time: 1hrs 9mins
Which of the following element(s) are found in proteins?
Carbon / Hydrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Nitrogen
Sulfur
Which of the following is the monomer of a protein?
Amino acid
Monosaccharide
Nucleotide
Steroid
Which of the following functional groups is found in all amino acids?
Amino
Carboxyl
Hydroxyl
Sulfhydryl
Which of the following requires the dehydration reaction of two amino acids?
Carboxyl group of first amino acid binds with carboxyl group of second amino acid
Carboxyl group of first amino acid binds with amino group of second amino acid
R group of first amino acid binds with R group of second amino acid
Amino group of first amino acid binds with amino group of second amino acid
Which of the following bonds is found in the secondary structure of a protein?
Hydrogen
Peptide
Covalent
Ionic
Which of the following structures involves the R groups interacting in a single polypeptide?
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary
Which of the following identifies the number of water molecules needed to remove the amino acids from a polypeptide with 20 amino acids?
19
20
21
22
What type of bond is found BETWEEN water molecules?
Hydrogen bonds
Ionic bonds
Nonpolar covalent bonds
Polar covalent bonds
Surface tension of water is the cohesive force between water molecules and other molecules.
True
False
Cohesive force between water molecules and adhesive force between water molecules and other molecules enable this phenomenon to occur.
Surface tension
Capillary action
Float on water
Photosynthesis
Which end of the water molecule has a slightly positive charge?
The hydrogen end
The oxygen end
Both ends are slightly positive
Neither end is positive
When water molecules stick easily to other water molecules, this is called what?
Cohesion
Adhesion
Solution
Polar molecule
Water beads up on the surface of a penny because of what property?
Adhesion
High surface tension
Universal solvent
Changes in density
The fact that ice floats on liquid water is due to the fact that water's solid form is _____________ than its liquid form.
Less polar
More polar
Less dense
More dense
Which statement explains why water molecules stick together?
Both sides are negative
One side has a positive charge and the other side has a negative charge
One side has a negative charge and the other side has a neutral charge
Both sides are positive
Large bodies of water help to keep nearby climates from being too hot or too cold because they
Absorb heat in the spring and slowly release that heat in the fall
Absorb heat in the fall and slowly release that heat in the spring
Absorb heat in the summer and slowly release that heat in the winter
Absorb heat in the winter and slowly release that heat in the summer
What element(s) are in carbohydrates?
Carbon / Hydrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Nitrogen
Sulfur
Which of the following are structural polysaccharides?
Cellulose
Glycogen
Chitin
Starch
Which of the following are storage polysaccharides?
Cellulose
Glycogen
Chitin
Starch
What polysaccharides are animals unable to break and why?
Cellulose due to alpha glyosidic linkages
Cellulose due to beta glyosidic linkages
Starch due to alpha glyosidic linkages
Starch due to beta glyosidic linkages
Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
Glucose
Maltose
Lactose
Sucrose
Which of the following describes the process involved in metabolizing carbohydrates?
During hydrolysis a water molecule is added to break the bond between the monosaccharide and polysaccharide chain
During hydrolysis a water molecule is removed to break the bond between the monosaccharide and polysaccharide chain
During dehydration synthesis a water molecule is removed to break the bond between the monosaccharide and polysaccharide chain
During dehydration synthesis a water molecule is added to break the bond between the monosaccharide and polysaccharide chain
Which of the following is the structural polysaccharide found in the cell wall of plants?
Chitin
Cellulose
Peptidoglycan
Glycogen
Which macromolecule(s) have nitrogen?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic Acids & Proteins
Which macromolecule(s) have sulfur?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Fats
Describes the breaking of a bond within a polymer using water.
Hydrolysis
Dehydration
Describe the orientation of the phospholipids in the membrane.
Phospholipids orient in bilayer with hydrophilic heads on exterior
Phospholipids orient in monolayer with hydrophilic head on extracellular
Phospholipids orient in bilayer with hydrophobic tails on exterior
Phospholipids orient in monolayer with hydrophobic tails on extracellular
How is DNA/RNA synthesis directionally oriented?
new nucleotides are added to 5' phosphate
new nucleotides are added to 3' phosphate
new nucleotides are added to 5' hydroxyl
new nucleotides are added to 3' hydroxyl
Identify the pairing and number of bonds in DNA double helix
A pairs with T (2 bonds) & G pairs with C (3 bonds)
A pairs with G (2 bonds) & T pairs with C (3 bonds)
A pairs with T (3 bonds) & G pairs with C (2 bonds)
A pairs with G (3 bonds) & T pairs with C (2 bonds)
DNA and RNA differ on many qualities, which of the following is NOT a difference?
Sugar
Nitrogenous Base
Phosphate Group
Strandedness
A difference between RNA and DNA
The sugar involved
No pyrimidines
No purines
Different phosphates
Why is the bottom part of this triglyceride bent?
A nitrogen is added
It just is
Deformed
Double bond
Which of the following describes why lipids are hydrophobic?
Lipids are composed mostly of hydrocarbons which are nonpolar
Lipids have hydrogen bonds that repel the hydrogen bonds in water
Lipids have more neutrons in their atoms, making the compound neutral
Lipids are gaseous materials that do not dissolve in water
The tertiary structure of a protein is dependent on
the sequence of amino acids
interactions between the amino acid backbone
the interactions of the R groups
Binding of two or more polypeptides together
Why is ice less dense than liquid water?
Partial charges of water molecules repel each other
Water has a high surface tension, keeping ice on the surface
As water cools the hydrogen bonds keep molecules separate from each other
As water cools the hydrogen bonds draw the molecules more closely together
What is the monomer of proteins?
Fatty acids
Amino Acids
Monosaccharides
Nucleotides
What is the monomer of carbohydrates?
Fatty acids
Amino Acids
Monosaccharides
Nucleotides
What type of reaction is shown in the image?
Dehydration synthesis
Hydrolsis
DNA replication
RNA translation
In an experiment testing the effect of fertilizer on plant height, what is the dependent variable?
Amount of fertilizer
Amount of sunlight
Amount of water
Plant height
Which of the following might denature proteins?
Increased temperature
Change in pH
Ultraviolet light
All of these would denature proteins
Which of the following is correctly defined as the attraction of the hydrogen from one molecule to the oxygen of a different molecule?
amphipathic
hydrophobic
hydrogen bonding
adhesion
In DNA, Thymine bonds with
Adenine
Cytosine
Guanine
Uracil
The process in the picture is called
Dehydration synthesis
Hydrolysis
Glyosidic linking
Atomic bonding
Small insects can walk across the surface of calm water. Their feet push the surface of the water down slightly, somewhat like a person walking across a trampoline, but they do not break the surface. What is the best explanation for why this happens?
The insects are light enough so that they do not break the hydrogen bonds holding the water molecules together
The insects actually use their wings to hover slightly above the water's surface and they only skim it with their feet
The insects' feet are non-polar, so they are repelled by the polar water molecules and are pushed away from the water's surface
The insects are small enough to see the individual water molecules, so they are able to step carefully from one molecule to the next
Describe the orientation of the phospholipids in the membrane.
Phospholipids orient in bilayer with hydrophilic heads on exterior
Phospholipids orient in monolayer with hydrophilic head on extracellular
Phospholipids orient in bilayer with hydrophobic tails on exterior
Phospholipids orient in monolayer with hydrophobic tails on extracellular
Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the chemical reaction illustrated in the Figure?
It is a hydrolysis reaction.
It results in a peptide bond.
It joins two fatty acids together.
Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
Saturated fats tend to be solid at room temperature; unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature
Saturated fats are cannot pack together closely because of their bent structure; unsaturated fats can pack together because they are flat
Saturated fats come from plants and fish; unsaturated fats are from animals (except fish)
Saturated fats are considered “healthy” fats; unsaturated fats may contribute to cardiovascular disease
What determines the function of a protein?
The number of peptide bonds
The types of side chains
The protein’s specific structure
The tissue that produces the protein
Which elements are found in lipids?
C, H, O
C, H, O, N
C, H, O, P
C, H, O, N., P
What type of bonds link monomers in biological polymers?
Ionic bonds
Metallic bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Covalent bonds
In a DNA molecule, what type of bond binds adenine and thymine together?
Peptide bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Covalent bonds
Disulfide bridges
Why do different polysaccharides have different orientations of monomers?
The structural orientations are unimportant for polysaccharides
The differing structural orientations give the different compounds unique properties and functions
Each cell has a unique orientation for polysaccharides like a finger print
Organisms evolved from different sources that built carbohydrates differently
What nitrogenous bases are found in RNA?
A, T, G, U
A, T, G, C
A, U, C, T
A, U, G, C
How will altering a protein's primary structure affect its final structure?
An altered primary structure changes every level of structure above it, most likely rendering the protein non-functional
Primary structure does not influence the structure of the protein
The secondary structure will be altered as will but the other levels will remain the same
How do plants obtain the nitrogen needed to produce proteins?
From the sun
From the atmosphere
From the water they absorb
From nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil
How do plants obtain the carbon needed to produce proteins?
From the sun
From the water they absorb
From the atmosphere
From the soil
Why is molecular shape crucial in biology?
The shapes will change based on a cell's needs
Organisms like to look pretty
Structure determines function
The larger the molecule the more biological significance it has
What is the cause of surface tension in water?
The high density of water
Hydrogen bonds form between the positive hydrogen of one water molecule and the negative oxygen of another
Covalent bonds form between the water molecules
Water's high specific heat
Where will hydrophobic amino acids orient themselves during protein folding?
At the top of the protein
On the sides of the protein
In the interior of the protein
On the surface of the protein
Where will hydrophilic amino acids orient themselves during protein folding?
They will be found throughout the proteins structure
On the surface of the protein
On the bottom of the protein
In the interior of the protein
What is the primary structure of a protein?
The interaction of multiple polypeptide chains
Folding caused by environmental interactions with the R-groups of the amino acids
The sequence of amino acids
Hydrogen bonds forming between the carbon skeletons of the amino acids
What is the quaternary structure of a protein?
The sequence of amino acids
When multiple polypeptide chains combine to form one protein
Hydrogen bonds forming between the carbon skeletons of amino acids
Environmental interactions with the R-groups of amino acids
DNA and RNA have the same 5-carbon sugar and the same nucleotides.
True
False
n the 1950s, the scientist Alfred Hershey and Marth Chase carried out an experiment using bacteriophages, which are viruese that infect bacteria. During the experiment, the scientists allowed bacteriophages that had been labeled with a radioactive element to infect the cells.
After carrying out their experiment, the scientists concluded that bacteriophages inject DAN, but not protein, into the host bacterial cell during infection.
To be able to reach this conclusion the scientists found which element inside the bacteria cells?
radioactive carbon
radioactive phosphorus
radioactive hydrogen
radioactive sulfur
A scientist grew Chlorella, a single-celled photosynthetic algae, for three weeks in a laboratory culture. The culture medium contained dissolved carbon and other nutrients.
Scientists measured the beginning and the end of the three week period. Based on the results of the graph which nutriets were absent from the culture medium?
phosphorus
nitrogen
oxygen
sulfur
A scientist grew Chlorella, a single-celled photosynthetic algae, for three weeks in a laboratory culture. The culture medium contained dissolved carbon and other nutrients.
Scientists measured the beginning and the end of the three week period. Based on the results of the graph which nutriets were absent from the culture medium?
phosphorus
nitrogen
oxygen
sulfur
