No cell walls, multicellular, heterotrophic, obtain nutrients through ingestion, most have tissues. (except sponges)

Protists, single-celled or colonial, live in salt and freshwater.

No cell walls, multicellular, heterotrophic, obtain nutrients through ingestion, most have tissues. (except sponges)

Protists, single-celled or colonial, live in salt and freshwater.

• Current method to organize and classify animals

• Based on DNA sequences

• It is similar to the morphological phylogeny that preceded it (pre- 1997)

All of the above

• 60 million to 15 billion years old

• 600 million to 1.5 billion years old

• 700 million to 3 billion years old

• 600 million to 12 billion years old

550 mya

600 mya

650 mya

500 mya

Yes

No

• Diploid (2N) stage is dominant,

• Haploid (1N) gametes

• Diploid (1N) stage is dominant,

• Haploid (2N) gametes

80%

90%

70%

83%

Cleavage, gastrulation, gastrula stage

Cleavage, blastula stage, gastrulation, gastrula stage

Cleavage, gastrulation, gastrula stage, blastula stage

Cleavage, blastula stage, gastrula stage, gastrulation

• all animals

• Phylum Porifera (sponges)

• All animals except Phylum Porifera (sponges)

• all animals

• Phylum Porifera (sponges)

• All animals except Phylum Porifera (sponges)

• all animals

• Phylum Porifera (sponges)

• All animals except Phylum Porifera (sponges)

Gastrulation

Cleavage

 Blastula Stage

• Gastrula Stage

Does not change size, cuts itself into multiple little cells, and turns into a blastula.

Does change size, doesn't cut itself into multiple little cells, and turns into a blastula.

None of those are true.

A hollow ball of cells

A single cell

A solid ball of cells

None of the above

Gastrulation occurs when the small part of the ball folds in

Gastrulation occurs when the cell ball begins to split

Gastrulation? What's that...

Neither of the above

• Outer covering & nervous tissue

•  Lining & organs of the digestive tract

• Circulatory system, muscles, some organs

• Outer covering & nervous tissue

•  Lining & organs of the digestive tract

• Circulatory system, muscles, some organs

• Outer covering & nervous tissue

•  Lining & organs of the digestive tract

• Circulatory system, muscles, some organs

Organisms that only have two layers

Organisms that have three layers

Organisms that only have two layers

Organisms that have three layers

Embryonic layers that become various tissues in the animals body

Embryonic layers that become various tissues in Archaea

Layers in the lining of bacteria

• 
  

  • Gastrula is a multiple layered ball of cells

• 
  

  • Gastrula is a ball of cells

Gastrula is a single-celled ball

• Triploblastic

• Bilateral symmetry

  Nervous System

• Diploblastic

• Radial symmetry

• Neural net

None of the above

Earthworms

Clams and other shelled animals

Jellyfish, coral, sea anemone, hydra

All of the above

• You can cut it in many ways and still get many similar halves Ex: Pie, Cake, Pots

• Happen to be Sessile or planktonic

• Experience environment from all sides

You can only cut it in half Ex: Shovel, plane, lobster, spoon, fork

• Central nervous system

• Have a direction

• You can cut it in many ways and still get many similar halves Ex: Pie, Cake, Pots

• Happen to be Sessile or planktonic

• Experience environment from all sides

You can only cut it in half Ex: Shovel, plane, lobster, spoon, fork

• Central nervous system

• Have a direction

Ectoderm

• Endoderm

Mesoderm

Coelom

Yes

No

• A fluid-filled space separating the digestive tract from the outer body wall with mesoderm

• A air-filled space separating the digestive tract from the outer body wall with mesoderm

• Air sacs separating the digestive tract from the outer body wall with mesoderm

no body cavity (lost during evolution)

body cavity is completely lined with mesoderm

body cavity has only one layer of mesoderm (not completely surrounded)

no body cavity (lost during evolution)

body cavity is completely lined with mesoderm

body cavity has only one layer of mesoderm (not completely surrounded)

no body cavity (lost during evolution)

body cavity is completely lined with mesoderm

body cavity has only one layer of mesoderm (not completely surrounded)

Fluid in cavity cushions organs

Acts like a skeleton in some soft-bodied animals

Provides space for organs to grow and move independently in the body

All of the above

• First hole in the blastula is the blastopore

  Cleavage is spiral and determinate

• Blastopore becomes the anus

• Second hole the mouth

• Cleavage is radial and indeterminate

None of the above

• First hole in the blastula is the blastopore

  Cleavage is spiral and determinate

• Blastopore becomes the anus

• Second hole the mouth

• Cleavage is radial and indeterminate

None of the above

• Remove a cell from a 4-cell embryo

• If you cut off one cell, all cells will die

• Missing critical tissues become cell destiny is “determined”

• Remove a cell from a 4-cell embryo

• Both cells will produce complete organisms

• Cell destiny flexible

• Blastopore becomes the anus

• Second hole the mouth

• Cleavage is radial and indeterminate

• In some animals the blastopore becomes the mouth

  • First hole in the blastula is the blastopore

  • Cleavage is spiral and determinate

• Remove a cell from a 4-cell embryo

• If you cut off one cell, all cells will die

• Missing critical tissues become cell destiny is “determined”

• Remove a cell from a 4-cell embryo

• Both cells will produce complete organisms

• Cell destiny flexible

• Blastopore becomes the anus

• Second hole the mouth

• Cleavage is radial and indeterminate

• In some animals the blastopore becomes the mouth

  • First hole in the blastula is the blastopore

  • Cleavage is spiral and determinate

Ecdysozoa

• Lophotrochozoa

Neither of the above

Both of the above

Phylum Echinodermata

• Phylum Chordata

Both of the above

Neither of the above

• Animal secrete external skeletons

• Sheds & secretes new exoskeleton when they grow

• Lophos is Greek fir crest, refers to ciliated structure

• Some have a trochophore larvae metamorphosis or a lophophore stage as an adult

Neither of the above

Sea stars, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers

• Lancelets, tunicates, vertebrates

• Bilaterally symmetrical

• Coelom development

• Central nervous system

• Cephalization

None of the above

Lancelets, tunicates, vertebrates

Sea stars, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers

Lancelets, tunicates, vertebrates

Sea stars, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers

Sea stars, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers

• Lophos is Greek fir crest, refers to ciliated structure

• Some have a trochophore larvae metamorphosis or a lophophore stage as an adult

Lancelets, tunicates, vertebrates

• Animal secrete external skeletons

• Sheds & secretes new exoskeleton when they grow

Living

No longer living

Living

No longer living

1.3 million

1.5 million

1.3 billion

1.5 bllion

Bacteria

Archaea

Insects

Animals

sponges

jellyfish, coral anemones, hydra

flatworms

snails, slugs, cephalopods, bivalves

sponges

jellyfish, coral anemones, hydra

flatworms

snails, slugs, cephalopods, bivalves

sponges

jellyfish, coral anemones, hydra

flatworms

snails, slugs, cephalopods, bivalves

sponges

jellyfish, coral anemones, hydra

flatworms

snails, slugs, cephalopods, bivalves

sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers

roundworms

spiders, crustaceans, insect

segmented worms

sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers

roundworms

spiders, crustaceans, insect

segmented worms

sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers

roundworms

spiders, crustaceans, insect

segmented worms

sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers

roundworms

spiders, crustaceans, insect

segmented worms

Platyhelminthes

Annelida

Mollusca

All of the above