WorksheetsBiology 106 Exam 4 Practice Test
Total questions: 64
Worksheet time: 32mins
The movement has three functions in adult animals: (1) finding food, (2) finding mates & (3) escaping from predators
True
False
An evolutionary link between ancestral and current forms is most accurately referred to as transitional form for example Tiktaalik roseae:
True
False
All animal taxa are believed to have evolved from a single common ancestral taxon.
True
False
Once an egg in a flowering plant has been fertilized, it is capable of carrying out photosynthesis for providing nutrients to the embryo
True
False
Saprobes such as bacteria break down wastes and release minerals for use by other organisms.
True
False
Ringworm is caused by parasitic worm infection.
True
False
My favorite familial taxon of hexapoda are the formicids (ants)
True
False
The diameter of floral tubes varies among flowers to accommodate various species of pollinators.
True
False
Parasitic protists often use different host organisms for different stages in their life cycle.
True
False
Angiosperms are distinguished from gymnosperms by the presence of flowers, fruits, and endosperm.
True
False
Tunicates, lancelets, and mollusks are all invertebrate chordates.
True
False
Protist cells that move by pseudopodia are most accurately referred to as flagellates.
True
False
My favorite bony fish is the Moa Moa (giant ocean sunfish), which feeds exclusively on Cnidarians making the fish a primary consumer.
True
False
Within their home range, pack animals such as wolves exhibit a uniform distribution.
True
False
Match the species concept on the left with the appropriate description on the right.
A) i = a; ii = c;
iii = b; iv = d
B) i = b; ii = d;
iii = c; iv = a
C) i = c; ii = a;
iii = d; iv = b
D) i = d; ii = b;
iii = c; iv = a
E) i = d; ii = a;
iii = b; iv = c
Match the class of Platyhelminthes on the top with the appropriate typical characteristic on the bottom.
A) i = b; ii = a;
iii = c; iv = d
B) i = a; ii = d;
iii = b; iv = c
C) i = c; ii = b;
iii = d; iv = a
D) i = d; ii = a;
iii = c; iv = b
E) i = d; ii = c;
iii = a; iv = b
Why were Darwin and Wallace's theory of evolution by natural selection revolutionary?
A. It proved that individuals acclimated to their environment over time.
B. It dismissed the idea that species are constant and emphasized the importance of variation and change in populations.
C. It was the first time a biologist had proposed that species changed through time.
D. It implied that England's economy would improve if the monarchy were eliminated
The fusion of the nuclei of mated gametes is a process most accurately defined as:
A. syngamy
B. karyogamy
C. plasmogamy
D. meiosis
E. mitosis
A potentially evolving population of oligochaetes could result in new species by allopatric speciation. Allopatric speciation begins with _____.
A. dispersal only
B. Vicariance only
C. polyploidization
D. vicariance or dispersal
Honeybees are known as good pollinators, what group of plants do they visit?
A. Angiosperms
B. Gymnosperms
C. Pterophyte
D. Non-vascular
Which one of the following is not a gymnosperm?
A) conifers
B) ginkgos
C) mosses
D) sunflowers
E) cycads
In your laboratory, you examine a vial of freshwater from a local pond. You notice several unfamiliar small (less than one millimeter in length) animals and decide to study them. You observe that the animals have a coelom, eat microscopic food particles, reproduce by parthenogenesis, and offspring do not undergo any larval stages. What else would you expect to observe about this organism?
A.a scolex; making it a cestode
B. a mantle; making it a mollusk
C. a tun form; making it a tardigrade
D. a corona; making it a rotifer
E. chaetae: making it a polychaete worm
Wolves are suffering from increased mortality resulting in small populations on isolated islands in southern Canada within the Great Lakes, why is this so?
A) genetic drift
B) genetic bottlenecks
C) increased inbreeding
D) all of the previous
E) only B and C
The wolves of Isle Royale are believed to have crossed an ice bridge from Canada to the island in the late 1940s, creating a local deme or metapopulation. What type of event occurred with this ice bridge?
A)clumped dispersion
B) founder effect
C) patch isolation
D) retro-limited gene flow
E) all of the previous
11. Niche partitioning is a way for two species to minimize which of the following community-level interactions?
A) commensalism
B) exploitation
C) mutualism
D) competition
What type of distribution is demonstrated by cottonwood trees growing along streams and rivers in grasslands?
A) clumped distribution
B) intraspecific competition
C) random distribution
D) uniform distribution
Consider the following food chain: sea grass → sea snail → spot fish → sea bass → bald eagle. About how much of the chemical energy fixed by photosynthesis of the grass (100 percent) is available to the spot fish?
A) 0.1%
B) 0.01%
C) 10%
D) 60%
1%
Birth weight of human babies is a result of
A) diversifying selection.
B) stabilizing selection.
C) directional selection.
D) disruptive selection
In which biome would you most likely find plants that exhibit C4 or CAM photosynthesis?
A) tundra
B) tropical forest
C) coniferous forest
D) temperate grassland
E) desert
Demographically, speaking the following is an important factor for determining the size and structure of the population of Osprey.
A) Birth rate
B) Death Rate
C) Number of females
D) Reproductive potential
E) all of the previous
Which of the following is a correct statement about the MacArthur/Wilson Island Biogeography Model?
A) Small islands receive few new immigrant species.
B) The more species that inhabit an island, the lower the extinction rate.
C) Islands closer to the mainland have higher extinction rates.
D) As the number of species on an island increases, the emigration rate decreases.
E) Competitive exclusion is less likely on an island that has large numbers of species.
Which of the following is the most representative term for an organism that gets its energy by eating all or parts of other organisms or their remains?
A) decomposer
B) predator
C) consumer
D) producer
Which of the following is an example of resource partitioning?
A) related species of finches of the Galapagos Islands
B) predator and prey relationships
C) both bats and moths with wings
D) a moth whose color and shape resemble a bird dropping
Which level of ecological study focuses the most on abiotic factors?
A) speciation ecology
B) population ecology
C) community ecology
D) ecosystem ecology
E) none of the previous
Which of the following examples of an ecological effect leading to an evolutionary effect is most correct?
A) Fish that swim the fastest in running water catch the most prey and more easily escape predation.
B) When seeds are not plentiful, trees produce more seeds.
C) The insects that spend the most time exposed to sunlight have the most mutations.
D) A few organisms of a larger population survive a drought and then these survivors emigrate to less arid environments.
E) A few individuals with denser fur survive the coldest days of an ice age, and the reproducing survivors of the ice age all have dense fur
A certain species of pine tree survives only in scattered locations at elevations above 2,800 m in the western United States. To understand why this tree grows only in these specific places, an ecologist should…
A) analyze the soils found in the vicinity of these trees, looking for unique chemicals that may support their growth.
B) study the anatomy and physiology of this species.
C) investigate the various biotic and abiotic factors that are unique to high altitude.
D) collect data on temperature, wind, and precipitation at several of these locations for a year.
E) conclude that lower elevations are limiting to the survival of this species.
A population is correctly defined as having which of the following characteristics?
I. inhabiting the same general area
II. belonging to the same species
III. possessing a constant and uniform density and dispersion
A) I and II only
B) I, II, and III
C) III only
D) II and III only
All over the world, natural habitats are being fragmented into tiny islands as suburbs, ranches, and farms expand, and roads are built to connect them, why this would lead to higher extinction rates.
A) Smaller fragments will lead to smaller organisms such as on oceanic islands, smaller organisms are more likely to go extinct
B) Fragmentation will lead to smaller populations with high diversity of genomic material
C) Fragmentation has no effect on extinction rates
D) Fragmentation will lead to smaller populations with less genetic diversity and greatly limit gene flow extinction.
E) Fragmentation increase gene flow and increase evolution not
The shape of a fish’s jaw influences what the fish can eat. Researchers found that the jaws of two fish species were more similar when they lived in separate lakes than when they lived together in the same lake. The increased difference in jaw structure when the fishes live in the same lake may be an example of____.
A) Warning coloration
B) Character displacement
C) Mutualism
D) Exploitation
The evolution of peops, drupes, berries, achemes, nuts, and hesperidium's are influenced by frugivorous animals’ ability to________ these plant structures.
A) disperse
B) detect
C) ingest and digest
D) handle
E) all of the above fit this statement
Two species of buttercup are found in a field in North Dakota, and they tend to flower at approximately the same time in early spring. When some ecology students decide to experiment with community dynamics, they selectively remove one species from the field by hand-picking all emergent plants. When one species is removed, the other species show a significant increase in its population size the next season. This study demonstrates____
A) interspecific competition.
B) niche fragmentation.
C) intraspecific competition.
D) niche realignment.
E) habitat fragmentation
Why are predators considered to be density-dependent controls on populations?
A) They cull prey that are poorly adapted or perhaps weakened by age.
B) They maintain populations of their prey at well below carrying capacity.
C) They have a profound effect on local populations, particularly those of small, short-lived species, regardless of their population density.
D) As prey populations grow, predation becomes more important by limiting prey density.
Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem where productivity is high?
A) ocean
B) estuary
C) desert
D) cave
The Type III survivorship curve has _____.
A) low initial death rates and later high survivorship (e.g., humans)
B) patterns of low survivorship throughout life (e.g., fish)
C) high initial death rates but later high survivorship (e.g., plants)
D) patterns of constant survivorship throughout life (e.g., birds)
You are studying runoff from fertilized fields that carry nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, to lakes in your area. You notice that runoff stimulates such an excessive growth of algae that its natural community interactions are disrupted. You can easily account for nutrients necessary to stimulate algal growth, but where do they get their energy?
A) sunlight
C) nutrient pool
B) phosphorus
E) detritus
D) starch
Which of the following examples would most accurately measure the density of the population being studied?
A) counting the number of prairie dog burrows per hectare
B) counting the number of times a one-kilometer transect is intersected by tracks of red squirrels after a snowfall
C) counting the number of zebras from airplane census observations.
D) counting the number of moss plants in one-square-meter quadrants
E) counting the number of coyote droppings per hectare
The basic (most common) animal body plan can be thought of as simply _____.
A. a series of boxes
B. several joined rings
C. a tube within a tube
D. many concentric circles
Which of the following supports the argument that viruses are nonliving?
A) Their DNA does not encode proteins.
B) They lack genetic material.
C)They don't evolve.
D) They are not cellular.
E) They have RNA rather than DNA.
The concept that the tempo of evolution is sporadic is known as ________________, while the concept that the tempo of evolution is continuous is known as ______________.
A) gradualism punctuated equilibrium
B) punctuated equilibrium; gradualism
C) mircoevolution; macroevolution
D) gradualism; Darwinism
Will treating a viral infection with antibiotics affect the course of the infection?
A) Yes; antibiotics activate the immune system, and this decreases the severity of the infection.
B) No; antibiotics do not kill viruses because viruses use host proteins to replicate and antibiotics affect bacterial proteins.
C)Yes; antibiotics can prevent viral entry into the cell by binding to host-receptor proteins.
D)No; antibiotics do not kill viruses because viruses self-assemble into active particles.
Which one of the following fungal phyla reproduces by means of flagellate spores?
A) Ascomycota
B) Zygomycota
C) Glomeromycota
D) Chytridiomycota
E) Basidiomycota
Antibiotics are drugs that combat bacteria by interfering with cellular functions except________.
A) cell membrane
B) cell wall
C) protein synthesis
D) meiosis
E) DNA synthesis
The microsporidian Brachiola gambiae parasitizes the mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Adult female mosquitoes must take blood meals for their eggs to develop, and it is while they take blood that they transmit malarial parasites to humans. Male mosquitoes drink flower nectar. If humans are to safely and effectively use Brachiola gambiae as a biological control to reduce human deaths from malaria, then how many of the following statements should be true?
A) 2 and 5
B) 1, 2, and 4
C) 2, 3 and 5
D) 3 and 4
E) 1, 2 and 3
We discussed secondary succession in cranberry bogs, where swamps over time are filled to become forest; we can define 2° succession as a series of
A) community changes that take place in a previously colonized habitat.
B) community changes that take place in a previously un-colonized and barren habitat.
C) ecosystem changes that take place based on the coevolution of abiotic dynamics
D) ecosystem changes that take place based invasion of exotic species
The Grey Tree Frogs, Hyla versicolor, and H. chrysoscelis are sympatric yet infrequently hybridize, the reason for this is they have very different calls, these calls provide….
A) postzygotic barriers
B) habitat Isolation
C) various breeding times
D) prezygotic barriers
E) hybrid sterility
Cattle Egrets follow a herd of bison along the Walakaia River in Florida, catching insects that are disturbed as the large herbivores walk through the grass. When large predators are near, the birds fly into the air and make warning calls. What is the ecological relationship between the birds and the herbivores called?
A) Parasitism
B) Resource partitioning
C) Competition
D) Predation
E) Mutualism
Scientists have observed white (not albino) deer mice living on coastal beaches in Florida and white deer mice living in the white sands area of New Mexico. A researcher examines the mtnDNA and nuclear DNA and finds that the two populations of mice are highly divergent and should be considered to belong to separate genera. This coloration pattern is most likely a result of…
A) similar selective pressures resulting in convergences or parallelism
B) a mutation of melanin gene from a common albino ancestor that lived in Texas.
C) the same mutation on melanin gene from living on a high open area with more UV radiation which is known to cause mutations.
D) nearby universities releasing their lab mice after experiments.
What are biodiversity hotspots?
A) They are regions that are extraordinarily rich in species diversity.
B) They are areas where biodiversity was first studied.
C) They are areas that, due to lack of forestation, will be the most affected by global warming.
D) They are the regions with the lowest species richness.
Wolves reproduce every 2 years producing litters of 4-7 pups after a 63 day gestation period. Wolves can live for 6-8 years. Wolves exhibit a type 1 survivorship curve. How can we describe this species?
A) r-Selected
B) K-selected
C) Natural selected
D) density-independent
E) none of the previous
Using the figure and your knowledge to help answer the questions. Waterfowl (ducks, geese, and swans) are all found in the same areas of the bay and all being waterfowl compete for limited food which species competition would have the highest competition.
A) Sea Ducks and Geese
B) Mute and Tundra Swans
C) Herbivorous and Sea Ducks
D) Geese and Ducks
E) all of the previous
Carrying capacity (K) for mammals such as the West Indian Manatee can be considered in as _____.
A. seldom reached by marine producers and their consumers therefore manatees have no K
B. the maximum population size that a particular environment can support
C. depends on the jaw and feeding structure of the animal.
D. determined by density and dispersion of the manatee population
E. the term used to describe the stress a population undergoes due to limited resources
When examining the extinction vortex we can notice that a loss in genetic diversity results in smaller populations. The dynamics that push a reduction in overall population size to follow what type of feedback?
A) postive
B) negative
C) oslication
D) non disjunction
In this estuary species richness and their realized niches are influenced by such abiotic factors as
A) Salinity
B) pH
C) Temperature
D) both A and B
E) all of the previous
Five new individuals were added to a small population of bighorn sheep in 1986, and ten more were added between 1990 and 1994. According to the figure, what occurred in this population after these additions?
A) The population growth rate increased.
B) The population increased in overall numbers.
C) The population increased exponentially.
D) The population continued to decline.
