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UNIT 2 Exam Review

Total questions: 68

Worksheet time: 4hrs 21mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have many differences, but they also share some common features.  Which of the following may be found in either type of cell?
a)
Golgi bodies
b)
ribosomes
c)
mitochondria
d)
nucleus
2.
Type of cell shown?
a)
Bacterial
b)
Prokaryotic
c)
Eukaryotic
d)
Red blood 
3.
How is this organism best classified?
a)
unicellular & eukaryotic
b)
multicellular & eukaryotic
c)
unicellular & prokaryotic
d)
multicellular & prokaryotic
4.
What is unicellular? 
a)
one cell 
b)
many cells 
c)
no nuclues 
d)
DNA 
5.
All living things are made of...
a)
atoms 
b)
cells 
c)
bacteria 
d)
plants 
6.

This organelle is a rigid outer layer that protects plant cells.

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Nucleus

d)

Chloroplast

7.

This organelle controls what goes in and out of plant and animal cells.

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Cytoplasm

8.

The _____________ stores food, water, wastes, and other materials in both plant and animal cells.

a)

Vacuole

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Chromatin

9.

This fluid in the cell is where the organelles are found. It contains water and chemicals the cell needs.

a)

Blood

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Plasma

d)

Vacuole

10.

These organelles convert the energy in food molecules to a form the cell can use.

a)

Chloroplasts

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Lysosomes

d)

Ribosomes

11.

These tiny cell structures assemble protein molecules from amino acids.

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Ribosomes

12.
What is the function of the Golgi body?
a)
to control the activities within the cell
b)
to package and ship cellular materials
c)
to store water and nutrients 
d)
to control the materials that pass into and out of the cell
13.
control the cell's activities; contains the cell's DNA
a)
mitochondria
b)
cell membrane
c)
nucleus
d)
golgi body
14.

Match the organelle with its correct function.

a)
1.

Stores and Protects DNA

b)
2.

Builds Proteins

c)
3.

Generates energy for the cell

d)
4.

Controls what enters and leaves the cell

e)
5.

Packages up proteins to be shipped out of the cell

15.

Prediction: Circle the organelle that is involved in creating energy for the cell.

16.
Another term for equilibrium is...
a)
Equality
b)
Babycakes
c)
Homeostasis
d)
Balance
17.
Osmosis is the ______
a)
when the smell of the neighbors trash moves through the neighborhood
b)
smell of cookies moving through the kitchen
c)
movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane
d)
movement of gases across a room
18.
The picture is an example of...
a)
active tranport
b)
passive transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
19.
What is this image?
a)
a nucleus
b)
proteins
c)
cell membrane
d)
lipids
20.
What is another term for "selectively permeable"?
a)
porous
b)
completely permeable
c)
permanent
d)
semipermeable
21.
The picture is an example of _________________.
a)
osmosis
b)
isotonic
c)
diffusion
d)
active transport
22.
This picture represents what type of cell transport?
a)
endocytosis
b)
exocytosis
c)
osmosis
d)
passive transport
23.
Which way would the purple molecules move through the semi-permeable membrane?
a)
From the  A side  to the B-side
b)
From the B side to the A side
c)
none of the purple molecules would move
24.
Which type of Passive Transport is being represented in this picture?
a)
Passive Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Diffusion
d)
Facilitated Diffusion
25.
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
a)
Active does not need energy and passive uses ATP (energy)
b)
Active uses ATP (energy) and passive does not need energy
c)
Active stores transport proteins and passive releases 
d)
Active uses hormones and passive does not 
26.
What forms the channels and pumps in the phospholipid bilayer?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
proteins
c)
hydrophilic heads 
d)
lipids
27.
Which is true about active transport?
a)
It does not require energy
b)
It requires energy
c)
It moves substances down the concentration gradient
d)
it moves material from high to low concentration
28.
Which of the following is not an example of active transport?
a)
sodium potassium pump
b)
endocytosis
c)
exocytosis
d)
facilitated diffusion
29.
Which form of active transport is being shown?
a)
Pinocytosis
b)
Endocytosis
c)
Exocytosis
d)
Osmosis
30.
A cell in a hypotonic solution will
a)
swell
b)
shrink 
c)
stay the same size
d)
impossible to tell
31.
A person should never drink salty water because their cells would
a)
shrink
b)
expand
32.
A cell in a hypertonic solution will
a)
Swell
b)
Stay the same size
c)
Shrink
d)
Impossible to tell
33.
A cell in an isotonic solution will
a)
swell
b)
shrink
c)
stay the same size
d)
impossible to tell
34.
This cell  is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
35.
This cell is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
36.
A person's tongue cells after finishing eating a salty French fry would...
a)
get smaller
b)
get bigger
c)
remain the same
37.
Which of the following would be an example of paracrine signaling in animals?
a)
neurotransmitter acetylcholine
b)
hormone epinephrine
c)
neurotransmitter norepinephrine
d)
growth factor
38.
A signal molecule that binds to a plasma-membrane protein is a
a)
ligand
b)
second messenger
c)
protein kinase
d)
receptor protein
39.
What is a G protein?
a)
specific type of membrane-receptor protein
b)
protein on the cytoplasmic side of a membrane
c)
membrane-bound enzyme
d)
relay protein
40.
Which of the following can activate a protein by transferring a phosphate group to it?
a)
cAMP
b)
G Protein
c)
protein kinase
d)
protein phosphatase
41.
What do second messengers do?
a)
transport a signal through the lipid bilayer
b)
relay a signal from the outside to the inside of the cell
c)
relay message from the inside of the mebrane throughout the cytoplasm
d)
dampen the message
42.
What is a function of the second messenger IP3?
a)
bind to and activate protein kinase A
b)
activate transcription factors
c)
convert ATP to cAMP
d)
bind to and open ligand-gated channels
43.
Signal amplification is most often achieved by
a)
an enzyme cascade
b)
binding of multiple signals
c)
branching pathways
d)
action of adenylyl cyclase
44.
What does a protein kinase do?
a)
removes phosphates
b)
transfers phosphates from ATP to proteins
c)
activates an enzyme
45.
What does a protein phosphatase do?
a)
removes phosphates
b)
transfers phosphates from ATP to proteins
c)
activates an enzyme with a signal molecule
46.
What is a phosphorylation cascade?
a)
travelling of hormones through the air
b)
travelling of hormones through the blood
c)
the removal of a phosphate
d)
a series of molecules that get phosphorylated
47.
What determines whether a cell is a target cell for a particular signal molecule?
a)
phosphorylation cascade
b)
cAMP
c)
signal receptors
d)
phosphatase
48.
Do plant cells communicate using hormones?
a)
yes
b)
no
49.
Which of the following converts cAMP to AMP?
a)
phosphodiesterase
b)
protein phosphatase
c)
GTPase
50.
Which of the following is a chemical message that usually travels through the bloodstream to target cells?
a)
hormone
b)
local regulator
c)
endocrine cell
51.

In cell signaling, how is the flow of specific ions

regulated?

a)

Opening and closing of ligand-gated channels

b)

Transduction

c)

Cytoskeleton rearrangement

d)

Endocytosis

52.

Many signal transduction pathways use second messengers to:

a)

transport a signal through the lipid bilayer portion of the plasma membrane.

b)

relay a signal from the outside to the inside of the cell.

c)

relay the message from the inside of the membrane throughout the cytoplasm.

d)

amplify the message by phosphorylating proteins.

53.

In cell signaling, how is the flow of specific ions

regulated?

a)

Opening and closing of ligand-gated channels

b)

Transduction

c)

Cytoskeleton rearrangement

d)

Endocytosis

54.

Which of the following can activate a protein by transferring a phosphate group to it?

a)

cAMP

b)

G proteins

c)

phosphodiesterase

d)

protein kinase

55.

What could happen to the target cells in an animal that lack receptors for local regulators?

a)

They could compensate by receiving nutrients via an α factor.

b)

They could develop normally in response to neurotransmitters instead.

c)

They could divide but never reach full size.

d)

They would not be able to multiply in response to growth factors from nearby cells.

56.
The 3 steps of signal transduction in order are
a)
reception, transduction, response
b)
response, transduction, reception
c)
reception, response, transduction
d)
transduction, reception, response
57.

Viruses are considered (a)  

Choose from the below words
Living
Nonliving
58.

When a virus attaches to a host, what does it inject into the host?

a)

Protein coat

b)

DNA/genetic material

c)

Capsid

d)

Envelope

59.

Antibiotics work to cure viruses?

a)

True

b)

False

60.

A virus consists of:

a)

RNA or DNA and a cell membrane

b)

RNA or DNA and a protein coat

c)

RNA and DNA and a protein coat

d)

proteins, cell membrane, and RNA

61.

What is the outside protective coating of a virus made of?

a)

lipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

protein

d)

carbon

62.

What reason do scientists give for saying that viruses are not living organisms?

a)

they cannot reproduce without the aid of a host

b)

they do not metabolize food into energy

c)

they do not have organized cells

d)

all of the above

e)

none of the above

63.

Why do viruses need a host cell?

a)

because they aren't living

b)

because they need to reproduce

c)

because they can't live without a host cell

64.

What does the lytic cycle result in?

a)

destruction of the infected cell and the membrane

b)

multiple new cells

c)

people going in sane

65.

True or False - Any virus can infect any cell

a)

True

b)

False

66.

What happens if a cell is in a lysogenic cycle?

a)

the virus will become part of your cells DNA but it hides

b)

the virus causes your cell to make copies of itself

c)

the virus will cause you cell to break open

d)

all of the options listed

67.

Which viral life cycle is shown?

a)

Lysogenic Cycle

b)

Lytic Cycle

c)

Binary Fission

d)

Conjugation

68.
What process is this?
a)
phagocytosis
b)
lytic cycle
c)
lysogenic cycle
d)
formation of antibodies

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