WorksheetsEcology Test #2
Total questions: 36
Worksheet time: 19mins
Match the following
A mature and stable community of plants and animals
Climax Community
Affects the population size differently depending on how dense the population is
Density-Dependent Limiting Factor
Affects the population size regardless of how dense the population is
Density-Independent Limiting Factor
The average number of individuals in a population per unit area or volume
Population Density
The change in the amount of individuals of a species in an area over a period of time
Population Growth
The number of organisms that an environment can support
Carrying Capacity
Population Size
Climax Community
Population Growth
The number of individuals in a population
Population Size
Carrying Capacity
Population Density
Population Growth
What is one difference between primary and secondary succession?
Primary succession starts with rock; secondary succession starts with soil
Primary succession starts with soil; secondary succession starts with rock
Primary succession takes place once; secondary succession takes place twice
Primary succession takes 100 years; secondary succession takes 1,000 years
The first species to arrive in an area after a disturbance is a…
Secondary succession
Primary Succession
Pioneer Species
Climax Community
What is the pioneer species in secondary succession?
Moss
Grass
Trees
Bush
What is the final stage of ecological succession?
Pioneer Species
Secondary Succession
Primary Succession
Climax Community
After a volcanic eruption has covered an area with lava, which of the following is the most likely order of succession in the repopulation of the area?
lichens → grasses → shrubs → trees
mosses → grasses → lichens → trees
grasses → trees → mosses → lichens
shrubs → grasses → trees → lichens
what sequence of the following pictures correctly illustrates the natural succession of an aquatic ecosystem into a land ecosystem?
1,2,3,4
2,4,3,1
3,4,2,1
2,3,1,4
Which of the following is TRUE about primary succession?
Soil is already present
Grasses are the first plants to grow
Reaches climax community in ~1,000 years
Occurs where organisms lived previously
Which of the following is NOT an event that would trigger secondary succession?
Volcanic eruption
Land is cleared by humans
Forest fire
Hurricane
What is the area of a single habitat?
2 km
4 km^2
8 km
16 km^2
What is the density of Habitat 5?
0.57/km^2
1.75/km^2
2.00/km^2
7.00/km^2
Assuming the area is exactly the same for all habitats, which population shows the lowest population density?
Habitat 1
Habitat 2
Habitat 3
Habitat 4
Habitat 5
What is the distribution of Habitat 5?
Clumped/Clustered
Random
Uniform
What is the distribution of Habitat 3?
Clumped/Clustered
Random
Uniform
What is the distribution of Habitat 4?
Clumped/Clustered
Random
Uniform
Herds of animals and schools of fish are examples showing a clumped (clustered) population distribution. What is one advantage that animals have in being distributed this way?
Increased competition for resources
Decreased potential for mating
Decreased protection from predators
Increased protection from predators
What do all density independent factors have in common?
They are mostly all biotic/living factors
They are mostly all abiotic/environmental factors
They all depend on population density
They are all caused by humans
A disease resulting in the deaths of one-third of a dense population of bats in a cave would likely be a…
Density-dependent factor
Result of exponential growth
Density-independent factor
Nutrient-limiting factor
Which of the following is a density-independent factor?
Food
Fire
Space
Disease
Which of the following is a density-dependent factor?
Space
Flood
Earthquake
Fire
What two factors lead to a growing population (total number of organisms is increasing)?
Birth Rate & Death Rate
Birth Rate & Immigration
Death Rate & Immigration
Death Rate & Emigration
What two factors would lead to a declining population (total number of organisms is decreasing)?
Birth Rate & Death Rate
Birth Rate & Immigration
Death Rate & Immigration
Death Rate & Emigration
What type of population growth appears to continue unchecked?
Exponential Growth
Logistic Growth
What type of growth has a carrying capacity?
Exponential Growth
Logistic Growth
What causes the population to slow down during logistic growth?
Lag Phase
Pressure due to environmental resistance
carrying capacity
The population does not slow down during logistic growth
The maximum population an environment can sustain is affected by environmental factors that cause the population to level out or become stable. What term is used to describe this part of logistic growth?
Lag Phase
Equilibrium
carrying capacity
Metastasis
What year did the population of white-tailed deer reach the carrying capacity?
around 1985
around 1990
around 1995
Unable to tell from this graph
Which of the following is one possible reason why the population decreased in 1990?
decrease in predation
increase in food availability
decrease in water availability
decrease in disease
What is one possible explanation why the population exceeded its carrying capacity in 1992?
increase in predation
decrease in food availability
decrease in competition
increase in disease
What does the y axis on the left of Model 1 represent?
Number of hares
Number of lynx
time
the relationship between hares and lynx
What does the y axis on the right of Model 1 represent?
Number of hares
Number of lynx
time
the relationship between hares and lynx
What was the approximate population of snowshoe hares in 1865?
60
150
60,000
150,000
No way to tell
What was the approximate population of lynx in 1865?
4
5
6
5,000
6,000
Which of the following is a TRUE statement?
When the population of hares increases, the population of lynx decreases
When the population of hares decreases, the population of lynx increases
When the population of lynx increases, the population of hares decreases
When the population of lynx decreases, the population of hares decreases
