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Unit 6: Developmental Psych Review

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 1hrs 3mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
An infant who has developed object permanence...
a)
is attached to specific objects, such as a blanket.
b)
will see all objects as being the same.
c)
knows that an object, such as a rattle, exists even if it is not in view.
d)
cries when a wanted object is taken away.
2.
Four-year-old Jennifer mistakenly believes that her mother would like to receive a toy doll as a Christmas present. This best illustrates Piaget's concept of:
a)
accommodation
b)
attachment
c)
object permanence
d)
egocentricism
3.
The cognitive ability to be able to recognize that quantities remain the same when two glasses of water are sitting beside each other, and one is poured into a taller glass.
a)
Irreversibility
b)
Centration
c)
Conservation
d)
Object Permanence 
4.
The inability of young children to see the world through someone else's view is termed:
a)
Centration
b)
Irreversibility
c)
Conservation
d)
Egocentrism
5.
Peek-a-boo works on children in what stage?
a)
Sensorimotor
b)
Preoperational
c)
Concrete Operational
d)
Formal Operational
6.
Jane's mother has two crackers, both of equal size. She breaks one of the crackers up into four pieces. Jane says she wants the one with the most and immediately chooses the four pieces, even though the two amounts are equal. Jane's choice illustrates Piaget's concept of:
a)
Accommodation
b)
Egocentrism
c)
False belief
d)
Conservation
7.

Sally attempts to retrieve her teddy bear after her father hides it under a blanket. This suggests that Sally has developed a sense of

a)

egocentrism.

b)

object permanence.

c)

conservation.

d)

accommodation.

8.

Robby understands her world primarily by grasping and sucking easily available objects. Robby is clearly in Piaget's ________ stage.

a)

preoperational

b)

concrete operational

c)

sensorimotor

d)

formal operational

9.

What did the monkeys do when they were frightened by a loud noise

a)

Hide in the corner of the cage

b)

Shriek at the noise

c)

Run to the cloth mother

d)

Run to the wire mother

10.

Where did the monkeys in the cage spend most of their time

a)

The wire mother

b)

On the floor of the cage

c)

Climbing the cage

d)

The cloth mother

11.

What conclusion can we draw from Harlow's research

a)

The importance of food

b)

Monkeys are better at socializing when they come out the cage

c)

Contact comfort is the most important factor when forming attachment

d)

Contact is equally as important as food when forming an attachment

12.
Which of these best describes a SECURE attachment?
a)
Young children cling to their parent when they are in a new place
b)
Young children are allowed to do whatever they want to
c)
Young children never cry, even when punished
d)
Young children may cry with they are left, but be happy when their caregiver returns
13.
Children, who in infancy formed secure attachments to their parents, are more likely than other children to:
a)
Prefer the company of adults to that of other children
b)
Become permissive parents
c)
Show a high level of social competence
d)
Be less achievement oriented
14.
When a child displays distress at strangers...
a)
stranger anxiety
b)
detachment
c)
secure attachment
d)
separation anxiety
15.
When a child displays distress when the caregiver is not near...
a)
stranger anxiety
b)
detachment
c)
separation anxiety
d)
imprinting
16.
Quickly soothing a crying baby _____.
a)
increases cooing and babbling responses
b)
reduces crying
c)
increases crying as a way to get attention
d)
spoils the baby
17.
This person studied attachment in
infants using the Strange Situation model, which labeled infants as secure, and insecure in attachment
a)
Mary Ainsworth
b)
Harry Harlow
c)
Dorthea Dix
d)
Diana Baumrind
18.
How did Harlow's research change the way we interact with children?
a)
We pick up and soothe our children when they cry.
b)
We do not pick up children when they cry.
19.

According to Harry Harlow what made the mother so important?

a)

the comfort she provided

b)

the food she provided

c)

the protection she provided

d)

the guidance she provided

20.

This study provided evidence that infants seek their parents for emotional support and care, not just for biological nourishment.

a)

Piaget (1932)

b)

Harlow (1953)

c)

Bowlby (1969)

d)

Ainsworth (1970s)

21.

What did Harlow determine by enacting the "Strange Situation" experiment technique where monkeys were left to explore an unfamiliar room with and without its mother?

a)

The monkeys who had a mother in the room would only stay close to the mother and would not venture farther than a few feet.

b)

There was no difference between whether the mother was present or not in the room.

c)

When the surrogate mother was present, the monkey would explore the room freely because of their secure base of attachment.

d)

When the surrogate mother was removed from the room, the monkey would be more confident in their exploration.

22.

Adding new information because it fits an existing schema is

a)

assimilation

b)

accomodation

c)

discrimination

d)

gerneralization

23.

Creating a new schema when new information does not fit an existing one

a)

assimilation

b)

accomodation

c)

discrimination

d)

generalization

24.

In a __________ design, one group of people is followed

and assessed at different times as the group ages.

a)

longitudinal

b)

cross-sectional

c)

cross-sequential

d)

cross-longitudinal

25.

The cognitive and social changes students go through

because

they are born and grow up in an age of

smartphones

would be referred to as a(n)

a)

experimental group.

b)

control group

c)

dominance effect

d)

cohort effect

26.

Brandy has naturally blond hair. Based on this information,

what do we know about Brandy’s parents?

a)

At least one of her parents has a recessive gene for

blond hair.

b)

Each of her parents must have one recessive gene for

blond hair.

c)

Each of her parents must have one dominant gene for

brown hair.

d)

Neither of her parents has a recessive gene for blond hair.

27.

When sets of genes group together, the result can be

multiple traits expressed as a single dominant trait. This is

best explained by the process known as

a)

dominant inheritance.

b)

recessive inheritance.

c)

polygenetic inheritance.

d)

amines.

28.

Which of the following is a disorder resulting from recessive

inheritance?

a)

Turner’s syndrome

b)

Klinefelter’s syndrome

c)

cystic fibrosis

d)

Down syndrome

29.

Which disorder is characterized by having only one X

chromosome in the 23rd pairing?

a)

Tay-Sachs

b)

Turner’s syndrome

c)

Klinefelter’s syndrome

d)

PKU

30.

In a Piagetian model, ________ is a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information.

a)

Memory

b)

Image

c)

Cognition

d)

Schema

31.

In a Piagetian model, ________ is a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information.

a)

Memory

b)

Image

c)

Cognition

d)

Schema

32.

Tyrell understands that his father can also be a son and a brother all at the same time. This suggests that Tyrell is in what stage?

a)

Formal

b)

Concrete

c)

Preoperational

d)

Sensorimotor

33.

Two containers hold the same amount, but Jane thinks that the taller, skinnier glass holds more. This is known as:

a)

Accommodation

b)

Egocentrism

c)

False Belief

d)

Conservation

34.

Travis was very upset when Larry stole some candy, but did not care when Mike put his elbows on the dinner table when he was told not to. What stage of development is Travis in?

a)

Conventional

b)

Postconventional

c)

Preconventional

35.

Joey is watching a horse race. He knows that his dog at home has four legs, a tail, and fur. When he sees the horses, he shouts out “Doggies.” Joey is demonstrating

a)

Assimilation

b)

Accommodation

c)

Conservation

d)

Irreversibility

36.

The correct sequence of Piaget’s stages of cognitive development are

a)

preoperational, concrete, formal, sensorimotor

b)

sensorimotor, preoperational concrete operational, formal operational

c)

Preoperational, sensorimotor, concrete operational, formal operational

d)

concrete, formal, preoperational, sensorimotor

37.

Johnny is playing in his crib when his teddy bear Mr. Peeps falls under the crib. Johnny cries knowing that Mr. Peeps exists somewhere. Johnny is demonstrating

a)

Centration

b)

Object permanence

c)

Reversibility

d)

Egocentrism

38.

Which of the following is the best research method for developmental psychologists?

a)

Case Study

b)

Experimental

c)

Longitudinal

d)

Cross Sectional

39.

Alex believes people are primarily influenced by genes, so he believes _______ plays a more powerful role in human development.

a)

Nature

b)

Nurture

c)

None of the above

40.

If a child is good because they do not want to avoid punishment, which stage are the students in?

a)

Preconventional

b)

Conventional

c)

Postconventional

41.

People at this stage develop their own set of moral guidelines that may or not fit into the law. Things like human rights, justice, and equality are most important even if they have to go against society and have to face consequences.

a)

Preconventional

b)

Conventional

c)

Postconventional

42.

According to Constructivist Theorist, " Collaborative learning is highly benificial to the mental development of a learner.

a)

True

b)

False

43.

Vygotsky's term for the skills - cognitive as well as physical - that a person can exercise only with assistance, not yet independently.

a)

overimitation

b)

zone of proximal development

c)

social mediation

d)

preoperational intelligence

44.

The four stages of Piaget's cognitive development (in order) are:

a)

Sensory-motor, pre-operational, formal operational, concrete operational.

b)

Sensory-motor, formal operational, concrete operational, optional.

c)

Sensory-motor, pre-operational, concrete operational, formal operational.

d)

Sensory-motor, abstract operational, logical operational, formal operational.

45.

Object permanence can be defined as:

a)

Pieces of information continuing to be remembered.

b)

Events and ideas being permanently engrained in the mind.

c)

Objects continuing to exist even after they have left our perception.

d)

Believing you can see things that are not there.

46.

The key feature of the 'pre-operational stage' is:

a)

Thinking logically

b)

Thinking in operational format

c)

Being egocentric

d)

Seeing things from others points of view

47.

The concrete operational stage occurs in what age bracket?

a)

Birth - 2

b)

7 - 11 years

c)

11+ years

d)

2 - 7 years

48.

The two key characteristics of the concrete operational stage (7 - 11 years) are:

a)

Conservation and classifying

b)

Classifying and concentration

c)

Conservation and concentration

d)

Classifying and categorising

49.

Two key features of formal operational stage (11+) are:

a)

Abstract and logical thinking

b)

Concentrated and logical thinking

c)

Conservation and abstract thinking

d)

Logical and conservational thinking

50.

Which of these are criticisms/weaknesses of Piaget's 4 stages of cognitive development?

a)

Some babies/younger children have shown higher levels of cognitive development but are generalised by the theory.

b)

Theory fails to distinguish between 'competence' and 'performance'.

c)

Gives insufficient attention to social influences on performance.

d)

Children don't gain conservation until much later ages.

51.

These are concepts or frameworks that organize and interpret information.

a)

Assimilation

b)

Accommodation

c)

Crystallized Intelligence

d)

Schema

52.

Taking in new information and fitting it into existing schemas

a)

Crystallized intelligence

b)

Fluid intelligence

c)

Assimilation

d)

Accommodation

53.

Changing and revising existing schema in face of new experiences or new information.

a)

Crystallized intelligence

b)

Fluid intelligence

c)

Assimilation

d)

Accommodation

54.

Refers to the process by which a child learns to interact with others around them.

a)

Physical Development

b)

Social Development

c)

Cognitive Development

d)

Spiritual Development

55.

Which of the following best describes a critical period?

a)

A moment in development where the infant is ready to talk

b)

Moments in time where individuals recognize the urge to urinate

c)

Developmental periods where individuals recall past events

d)

A time during development when the individual is ready to move to the next objective

56.

Who developed the 4 stage theory of cognitive development?

a)

Lev Vygotsky

b)

Arnold Palmer

c)

Erik Erikson

d)

Jean Piaget

57.

Which of the following is an example of fine motor development?

a)

control of the torso

b)

the development of leg muscles

c)

the movement of fingers

d)

the development of arm muscles

58.

Which of the following methods of observation is most commonly used when looking at childhood development?

a)

longitudinal method

b)

case-study method

c)

laboratory method

d)

cross-sectional method

59.

What term is used to describe a child’s inability to see the world through anyone else’s eyes except his or her own?

a)

egocentrism

b)

narcissism

c)

disparity

d)

assimilation

60.

According to Piaget, the ability to understand that simply changing the appearance of an object does not change the object’s nature is known as _______.

a)

centration

b)

assimilation

c)

conservation

d)

object permanence

61.

________________ is a term Piaget used to represent the building blocks of knowledge.

a)

Assimilation

b)

Schema

c)

Assimilation

d)

Equilibration

62.

_____________ is using an existing schema and applying it to a new situation or object.

a)

Accommodation

b)

Equilibration

c)

Assimilation

63.

________________ is changing approaches when an existing schema doesn’t work in a particular situation.

a)

Assimilation

b)

Accommodation

c)

Equilibration

64.

ZPD stands for________.

a)

Zone of Probable Development

b)

Zone of Proximal Direction

c)

Zone of Proximal Development

d)

Zone of Proximal Decision

65.

The ZPD is between

a)

anxiety and boredom

b)

anxiety and frustration

c)

stress and calm

d)

learning and relearning

66.

To help in the ZPD the teacher must use

a)

inependent practice

b)

scaffolding

c)

student goal setting

d)

continuos help

67.

The ZPD is between

a)

What the learner can do with help and what the learner cannot do

b)

What the learner can do on their own and what they can do with help

c)

What the learner can do on their own and what the learner will be able to do on their own

68.

___________ believed the stages of development must be met before learning can occur.

a)

Piaget

b)

Vygotsky

69.

______________ believed the learning was a collaboration between the teacher and student.

a)

Piaget

b)

Vygotsky

70.

True or False: Scaffolding refers to doing the task for the child to set an example.

a)

True

b)

False

71.

Vygotsky defined which three types of language?

a)

Social speech

b)

Private speech

c)

Emotional Speech

d)

Silent Inner Speech

72.

According to Vygotsky, children develop their behavior and habits...

a)

from treats/ prizes

b)

from their cultures and through interpersonal experiences

c)

from punishment's/ discipline

d)

from friendships

73.

True or False: According to Vygotsky, unassisted performance alone does give a true idea/picture about a child's level?

a)

True

b)

False

74.

What is an example of Vygotsky's theory?

a)

a child knows that if they cry or scream their parent will give them a treat to clam down

b)

a child will copy and do whatever his or her friends are doing

c)

a child knows that some things are private and shouldn't be shared or talked about due to social norms

d)

a child does not know when they did something wrong so he or she will be disciplined for no reason

75.

According to Vygotsky, why is language important in development?

a)

Language is the main means by which adults transmit info to children.

b)

Language is a powerful tool of intellectual adaptation.

c)

Language is an accelerator to thinking and understanding.

d)

All of the above.

76.
This is a method of research where an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).
a)
Experiments
b)
Case Study
c)
Survey
d)
Observational
e)
Correlational
77.

Whether the selected test actually measures the stated variable is know as?

a)

Reliability

b)

Valididty

c)

Accuracy

d)

Precision

78.

Which type of research method is best suited for revealing the meaning of events as experienced by individuals?

a)

Quantitative

b)

Qualitative

79.

A measure of the relationship between two variables.

a)

scientific method

b)

experiment

c)

correlation

d)

dependent variable

80.
This research method is a technique for ascertaining the self – reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group.
a)
Survey
b)
Observational
c)
Correlational
d)
Experiments
e)
Case Study
81.

This research method is a measure of the extent to which two variables change together, and thus of how well either variable predicts the other

a)

Correlational

b)

Experiments

c)

Case Study

d)

Survey

e)

Observational

82.
This is a method of research where an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).
a)
Experiments
b)
Case Study
c)
Survey
d)
Observational
e)
Correlational
83.

The scatter graph shows the relationship between the age of a car and its value.


Describe the correlation shown on the diagram.

a)

Positive

b)

Negative

c)

No Correlation

84.

The scatter graph shows the relationship between the height and arm span of some students.


Describe the correlation shown on the diagram.

a)

Positive

b)

Negative

c)

No Correlation

85.

The scatter graph shows the relationship between two test scores of some students.


Describe the correlation shown on the diagram.

a)

Positive

b)

Negative

c)

No Correlation

86.

The scatter graph shows the relationship between the test score and the time spent revising for a group of students.


Describe the correlation shown on the diagram.

a)

Positive

b)

Negative

c)

No Correlation

87.

Which graph has a negative correlation?

a)
b)
c)
d)
88.

Which graph has a weak and positive correlation?

a)
b)
c)
d)
89.

Which line best fits the scattered plot?

a)
b)
c)
d)
90.
This research method is a descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles
a)
Case Study
b)
Survey
c)
Observational
d)
Correlational
e)
Experiments
91.
This research method is a measure of the extent to which two variables change together, and thus of how well either variable predicts the other
a)
Correlational
b)
Experiments
c)
Case Study
d)
Survey
e)
Observational
92.
This research method is a technique for ascertaining the self – reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group.
a)
Survey
b)
Observational
c)
Correlational
d)
Experiments
e)
Case Study
93.
This is a method of research where an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).
a)
Experiments
b)
Case Study
c)
Survey
d)
Observational
e)
Correlational
94.
The advantage of this descriptive method of research is that it creates an immense amount of data to be gathered quickly and inexpensively.
a)
Survey
b)
Observational
c)
Correlational
d)
Experiments
e)
Case Study
95.
The advantage of this method of research is that the behavior observed in the subject(s) natural environment to be more natural, spontaneous, and varied than that observed in a laboratory.
a)
Observational
b)
Correlational
c)
Experiments
d)
Case Study
e)
Survey
96.
The advantage of this method of research is that it can help to clarify relationships between variable that cannot be explained by other research methods, in other words- predictions.
a)
Correlational
b)
Experiments
c)
Case Study
d)
Survey
e)
Observational
97.
The advantage of this descriptive method of research is that the strict control of variables offers researchers the opportunity to draw conclusions about cause and effect relationships.
a)
Experiments
b)
Case Study
c)
Survey
d)
Observational
e)
Correlational
98.
The disadvantage of this method of descriptive research is that the data is limited to only answering the question(s) asked. These limitations lead to biases, ambiguous conclusions, and low participation rates among research populations.
a)
Survey
b)
Observational
c)
Correlational
d)
Experiments
e)
Case Study
99.
The disadvantage of this method of descriptive research is that it does not permit researchers to draw conclusions regarding cause-and-effect relationships
a)
Correlational
b)
Experiments
c)
Case Study
d)
Survey
e)
Observational
100.

The advantage of this method of research is that the behaviour observed in the subject(s) natural environment is more natural, spontaneous, and varied than that observed in a laboratory.

a)

Observational

b)

Correlational

c)

Experiments

d)

Case Study

e)

Survey

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