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WorksheetsMid-term Exam Study Guide: Environmental Science
Total questions: 71
Worksheet time: 50mins
He is known as the father of wildlife management and developed the conservation ethic
Aldo Leopold
John Muir
Gifford Pinchot
Theodore Roosevelt
This man was a preservationaist and largely responsible for having Yosemite added as a national park.
Aldo Leopold
John Muir
Gifford Pinchot
Theodore Roosevelt
This person was the founder of the Sierra Club
Aldo Leopold
John Muir
Gifford Pinchot
Theodore Roosevelt
This person was responsible for establishing the first National Parks Program after visiting west?
Aldo Leopold
Richard Nixon
Gifford Pinchot
Theodore Roosevelt
Wrote the book, Silent Spring, which warned of the ominous effects of pesticide use.
Erin Brockovich
Rachel Carson
Lois Marie Gibbs
Garrett Hardin
The author of the Tragedy of the Commons
Erin Brockovich
Rachel Carson
Lois Marie Gibbs
Garrett Hardin
During his presidency, the EPA was created and the CWA and CAA was passed,
Jimmy Carter
Bill Clinton
Richard Nixon
Theodore Roosevelt
Rachel's book Silent Spring is about...
a quiet spring.
how harmful DDT is.
birds dying due to pesticides and the spring being silent without their song.
birds losing their voices because of the pesticides being sprayed by farmers.
He is known as the father of wildlife management and developed the conservation ethic
Aldo Leopold
John Muir
Gifford Pinchot
Theodore Roosevelt
This man was a preservationaist and largely responsible for having Yosemite added as a national park.
Aldo Leopold
John Muir
Gifford Pinchot
Theodore Roosevelt
___________ was the first policy created towards protecting the environment.
National Environmental Policy Act
Atomic Energy Act
Clean Air Act
Clean Water Act
Who is called the "Father of National Parks."
George Washington Carver
John Muir
James Hanson
Charles Darwin
What is the name of the insecticide that the book Silent Springs is about?
DBT
BBT
DDT
BDT
You loved your environmental science class so much that you're looking to transfer into a college program to prepare for work in an environmental field. You find a college program whose degree requires classes in biology, chemistry, oceanography, environmental politics, history of environmental thought and economics. This program most likely offers a degree in:
Environmental Studies 📚
Environmentalism 🪧
Environmental Science 🧪
refers to the way in which neighborhoods, populated by people of color and of low income, are burdened with a disproportionate number of hazards, including toxic waste facilities, garbage dumps, pollution and foul odors that lower the quality of life
Environmental Racism
Colorism
Gentrification
Pollution
After the last Ice Ages, some glaciers began to melt. As they melted, pioneer plants began to grow. Eventually this led to grasslands and forests. What is the name of this process?
Primary succession
Habitat destruction
Resource depletion
Genetic mutation
What day is Earth Day
May 22
June 10th
April 22
Oct 31
How does the gap between rich and poor countries contribute to the current environmental crisis?
developed countries consume a disproportionate share of the resources
rapid industrialization in developing countries poisons cities
increased agricultural production in developing countries often destroys soils and forests
Rich countries often use increased amount of energy which puts pressure on the environment.
all of the above
Ethics and economics are linked because
Both disciplines deal with how we value and perceive our environment.
Ethics is what makes economics which then influences our decisions about the environment.
Economics is what influences ethics which in turn affects our decisions.
Economics and ethics are not linked in any way.
Anthropogenic Ethics deals with
The value animals place on plants.
The value of animals in nature.
The value humans place on nature.
Species interactions in nature.
Biocentric ethics is concerned with
Species numbers and their extinction.
Rights of nature or species equivalence.
Rights of animals.
Factors that may facilitate extinction of a species.
Something that might happen because of global warming is
melting polar ice caps
more reflected sunlight off the ice pack
lower sea levels
a sale on bathing suits
People with different Worldviews and Cultures may have
Similar views and hence would easily have a universal standard of environmental ethics.
Different values and hence, their actions toward the environment may differ.
Mixed values and hence, their actions toward the environment may be similar.
No values and hence, their actions toward the environment may differ.
What are considered "the commons"
Common house hold items like knifes, spoons, and forks.
A renewable resource owned by no one and available for use by anyone at little or no charge
A field where college students can sit outside in between classes
Which of the following quotes seems to be taken directly from the tragedy of the commons (Nature, 1968)?
"The rational herdsman concludes that the only sensible course for him to pursue is to add another animal to his herd. And another, and another … Therein is the tragedy"
"Among the savage nations of hunters and fishers, every individual who is able to work is more or less employed in useful labor, and endeavors to provide... the necessaries and conveniences of life, for himself, and such of his family or tribe"
"There is one and only one social responsibility of business–to use it resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits so long as it... engages in open and free competition without deception or fraud"
The job of an organism within an ecosystem is also called its
habitat
biomass
niche
competition
What is a keystone species?
a species that is at a high trophic level that can be used to determine the health of an ecosystem
a species that is at a low trophic level that all other organisms in the ecosystem feed on
a species, not necessarily at a certain trophic level, that all other species depend on and its absence would cause ecosystem collapse
This is an example of...
Secondary succession
Primary succession
Primary consumption
Climax communities
After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?
lichens → shrubs → soil → trees
lichens → soil → shrubs→grasses
soil → trees → shrubs → lichens
lichens → grasses → shrubs → trees
Most of the 90% of the energy that doesn't move on from trophic level to trophic level...
is absorbed into the soil.
is used to maintain the metabolism of that particular organism.
is used to make pretty babies.
is exerted in arguments with a mate.
Herbivores are also called...
secondary consumers
primary consumers
producers
tertiary consumers
Humans would be classified as:
Detritovores
Herbivores
Omnivores
Primary producers
The dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico results from the influx of excess nitrates, whereas eutrophication in freshwater lakes typically occurs as a result of excess phosphates. What is the likely explanation for this difference?
More phosphorus-containing compounds wash into freshwater systems, whereas more nitrogen-containing compounds wash into marine systems.
Marine primary producers do not require phosphorus-containing compounds, whereas freshwater primary producers do not require nitrogen-containing compounds.
Nitrogen-containing compounds do not dissolve well in seawater, whereas phosphorous-containing compounds do not dissolve well in freshwater.
Phosphorous-containing compounds are more plentiful in marine systems than in freshwater systems, whereas nitrogen-containing compounds are more plentiful in freshwater systems than in marine systems.
Freshwater primary producers require high levels of phosphorus and low levels of nitrogen, whereas marine primary producers require low levels of phosphorous and high levels of nitrogen.
In the nitrogen cycle, the organisms that replenish the atmosphere with N2 are
mycorrhizal fungi.
nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
nitrifying bacteria.
denitrifying bacteria.
Why does a vegetarian leave a smaller ecological footprint than a person who eats meat?
There is an excess of plant biomass in all terrestrial ecosystems.
Vegetarians need to ingest less chemical energy than omnivores.
Fewer animals are slaughtered for human consumption
Vegetarians require less protein than do omnivores.
Eating meat is an inefficient way of acquiring photosynthetic productivity.
What is caused by excessive nutrient runoff into aquatic ecosystems?
greenhouse effect
biological magnification
acid precipitation
eutrophication
A type of relationship in which one species benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed is known as:
mutualism.
altruism.
commensalism.
parasitism.
What type of competition involves individuals of the same species?
Interspecific competition
Fundamental competition
Intraspecific competition
Resource competition
Which of the following is NOT one of the limitations of trophic levels?
Trophic levels do not show non-trophic interactions.
Some species occupy more than one trophic level.
Do not include decomposers or detritivores.
They focus too much on competition
In Yellowstone, Gray wolves prey on elk and help to keep the elk population in check, which in turn keeps several plant species from being overgrazed. This is an example of a ______________.
Bottom-up population control
Trophic cascade
Trophic cascade
Flagship species
Various species of warblers all utilize the same evergreen trees, but each species forages in a specific zone of the trees. This is an example of ________.
Competitive exclsion
Resource partitioning
Interference competition
Character displacement
Yucca flowers are pollinated by yucca moths. The moths lay their eggs in the flowers and the eggs hatch. The larvae eat some of the seeds, and spread them around. Both species are benefited and need each other to reproduce.
obligate mutualism
facultative mutualism
commensalism
ecto parasitism
endo parasitism
A team of ecologists are studying four different ecosystems with varying levels of biodiversity. The ecologists categorize the different levels of biodiversity for the four ecosystems as shown in the table below.
Based on the information above, which ecosystem would most likely recover the fastest from a natural disruption?
Ecosystem A
Ecosystem B
Ecosystem C
Ecosystem D
A team of ecologists are studying four different ecosystems with varying levels of biodiversity. The ecologists categorize the different levels of biodiversity for the four ecosystems as shown in the table below.
Based on the information above, which of the following best describes Ecosystem C?
Its low species diversity indicates that Ecosystem C most likely has species with very low population sizes.
Its high genetic diversity indicates that Ecosystem C most likely has species that evolve quickly.
Its high genetic diversity indicates that Ecosystem C is most likely the result of the founder effect and a subpopulation originating from Ecosystem A.
Its low habitat diversity indicates that Ecosystem C most likely has a low number of specialist species and few species that utilize large territories.
Which of the following best describes the trends in atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature over the past 800,000 years?
Atmospheric CO2 concentration has remained about the same, and Antarctic temperature has varied widely over the past 800,000 years.
Both atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature have remained about the same over the past 800,000 years.
Atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature are directly correlated over the past 800,000 years.
Atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature are inversely correlated over the past 800,000 years.
One characteristic feature of the tundra is that only the surface thaws in the summer and refreezes in the winter, leaving a permanently frozen subsoil. This characteristic is known as
Hoarfrost
Glaciation
Permafrost
Crystallization
A large region characterized by a specific type of climate and certain type of plants.
boreal forest (taiga)
climate
biome
canopy
Ecological efficiency from one trophic level to the next is generally:
1%
10%
75%
90%
What is the largest reservoir for water?
the ocean
rocks and minerals
the atmosphere
glaciers
Where is the largest reservoir for the phosphorus cycle?
rocks and minerals
the ocean
the atmopshere
fossil fuels
What is the largest reservoir for nitrogen?
the ocean
rocks and minerals
the atmosphere
bacteria
What is the role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into carbon dioxide in the nitrogen cycle.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants in the nitrogen cycle.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria break down nitrogen compounds into atmospheric nitrogen in the nitrogen cycle.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria release nitrogen gas into the atmosphere in the nitrogen cycle.
What are the main reservoirs of carbon in the carbon cycle?
lakes, rivers, animals
deserts, forests, grasslands
oceans sediments, fossil fuels
rocks and atmosphere
Why is phosphorus important for plant growth in the phosphorus cycle?
Phosphorus is not important for plant growth in the phosphorus cycle.
Phosphorus is only important for animal growth in the phosphorus cycle.
Phosphorus is important for plant growth in the phosphorus cycle because it is a key component of DNA, RNA, and ATP.
Phosphorus is important for plant growth in the nitrogen cycle.
More carbon dioxide (CO2) is released in the atmosphere today than in the past because of
the level of nitrogen in the air.
the burning of fossil fuels.
the breakdown of ammonia into nitrites.
chemical erosion.
Which of the following is a consequence of synthetic fertilizer usage?
Dead zones
Ocean acidification
Fish abnormalities
Soil erosion
Which pair of biogeochemical cycles are most associated with inorganic fertilizer and sewage waste?
Carbon and Nitrogen cycles
Carbon and Sulfur cycles
Phosphorus and Nitrogen cycles
Sulfur and Nitrogen cycles
Sulfur and Water cycles
