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WorksheetsBiology Midterm Review 2023
Total questions: 78
Worksheet time: 2hrs 50mins
Asexual reproduction produces offspring with DNA that is _________ the parent.
different from
the same as
Sexual reproduction requires two
gametes
blastocysts
embryos
A benefit of sexual reproduction is
less energy is used
greater genetic diversity in the species
it is more efficient than asexual reproduction
A disadvantage of sexual reproduction is that it is
more time consuming than asexual reproduction
creates less diversity than asexual reproduction
uses less energy than asexual reproduction
If salmonella bacteria from raw chicken are left on a kitchen counter, how long will it take to grow a colony of 100 bacteria through asexual reproduction?
a few hours
3 days
1 week
CROSSING OVER INCREASES
LIFE SPAN
GENETIC VARIATION
THE NUMBER OF OFF-SPRING
ALL ARE TRUE
Reproduction of gametes/sex cells/egg and sperm is
mitosis
meiosis
A haploid cell...
has the complete amount of chromosomes (46)
is represented by (2n)
has 1/2 the amount of chromosomes
A diploid cell...
has 1/2 the amount of chromosomes
has the normal amount of chromosomes (46)
is represented by (n) in meiosis
When gametes fuse during fertilization, they create a zygote that has_______________ cells.
haploid
diploid
polyploid
Which is NOT true about sexual reproduction?
only one organism is required to pass on traits
sperm and egg are required for a zygote to form
both parents pass on traits to offspring
The karyotype diagram below represents a human female with the genetic disorder known as Turner syndrome. Chromosomal analysis of this karyotype reveals the mutation is a result of
a missing X chromosome
a missing Y chromosome
an extra 21 chromosome
missing chromosome #9
The karyotype diagram below represents a human male. Chromosomal analysis of this karyotype reveals the abnormality in this karyotype is:
a missing X chromosome
a missing Y chromosome
an extra 21 chromosome
missing chromosome #9
What is the gender of this person?
Male
Female
What syndrome does this person have and what is their gender?
Male
Female
Edwards
pateau
down
What is a karyotype?
An image that shows all of the DNA within an organism
An image that shows the chromosomes from a single cell within a single organism
The entire genetic sequence of humans
What is the biological gender of this individual?
Male
Female
Cannot be determined
Does this person have a genetic disorder? If so, which chromosome is responsible?
Yes, there is a missing Y chromosome
Yes, there is an chromosome 21
No, there is nothing wrong with this karyotype
What does the term semi-conservative mean?
DNA consists of half an old strand and half a new strand and the code stays conserved.
DNA consists of two old strands and the code stays conserved.
DNA consists of two new strands and the code stays conserved.
DNA consists of half an old strand and half a new strand and the code changes each time.
converts pyruvate into ethanol and carbon dioxide
aerobic respiration in yeast
anaerobic respiration in yeast
aerobic respiration in plants
anaerobic respiration in animals
Directs all cell activities through the DNA located there.
Endomembrane System
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Suppose that a mother has blood Type A and genotype IAi and the father has blood Type B and genotype IBi. Draw a Punnett square to find the possible genotypes of their children.
What are the possible phenotypes of the kids? (select all that apply)
Type A
Type B
Type AB
Type O
Punnett Square: Type AB father and type O mother. What are the percentages of each offspring?
Type A: 50%, Type B 0%, Type AB 50%, Type 0 0%
Type A: 50%, Type B 50%, Type AB 0%, Type 0 0%
Type A: 25%, Type B 25%, Type AB 25%, Type 0 25%
Type A: 0%, Type B 0%, Type AB 50%, Type 0 50%
Punnett Square: A man is homozygous for the B allele, and a woman is type O. What are ALL the possible blood types of their baby?
IᴮIᴮ
ii
IᴬIᴬ
Iᴮi
Two parents think their baby was switched at the hospital. The mother has blood type O, the father has blood type AB and the baby has blood type B.
Complete a punnett square and then answer the question. What is the mother's genotype? What is the father's genotype?
Mom genotype is IᴬIᴬ, Dad genotype is IᴬIᴮ
Mom genotype is ii, Dad genotype is IᴮIᴮ
Mom genotype is ii Dad genotype is IᴬIᴮ
Mom genotype is ii Dad genotype is ii
A few days after fertilization, cells in the embryo begin to turn on and off particular genes in order to become particular cell types. This process is called...
Differentiation / Specialization
Homeostasis
The cell cycle
Mitosis
Why are your muscle cells different from your nerve cells?
muscle and nerve cells have different DNA, different genes
muscle and nerve cells have the same DNA (same genes) but different genes are turned on
muscle and nerve cells began with the same DNA (same genes) but some different genes were destroyed by each cell type
muscle cells are not different from nerve cells, they are the same
Which cell is undifferentiated?
stem cell
skin cell
muscle cell
white blood cell
Cancer is defined as the
uncontrolled division of mutated cells
normal division of cells
normal DNA replication
abnormal ATP synthesis
an abnormal proliferation of cells that results from uncontrolled, abnormal cell division.
tumor
cancer
tumor-suppressor gene
metastasis
code for proteins that prevent cell division from occurring too often
tumor
cancer
tumor-suppressor gene
metastasis
DNA replication is called semi-conservative replication because each of the new copies of DNA has one _________ strand and one _________ strand.
original, new
RNA, DNA
original, RNA
original, amino acid
What is the correct order to make a protein?
Protein, DNA, RNA
RNA, DNA, Protein
DNA, RNA, Protein
Protein, RNA, DNA
What is the result of transcription?
The synthesis of RNA from protein
The synthesis of protein from RNA
The synthesis of protein from DNA
The synthesis of RNA from DNA
Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because......
fathers pass the allele for colorblindness to their sons only
the allele for colorblindness is located on the Y chromosome
the allele for colorblindness is recessive and located on the X chromosome
males who are colorblind have two copies of the allele for colorblindness
Choose the statement that best describes gene therapy.
the process of producing crops that are resistant to insects
the process of using DNA taken from a crime scene to identify a suspect
the process of inserting normal genes into human cells to correct genetic disorders
the process of creating an identical organism or gene
Considering some of the ethical issues surrounding the use of DNA technology, which is a way gene therapy impacted society?
by mapping the genetic make-up of non-living objects
by engineering genes to be able to replace a person’s DNA
by using genes in psychiatry to provide therapy to patients
by correcting genetic disorders with insertion of normal genes
Section of DNA that code for different traits or proteins are
genes
chromosomes
genomes
plasmid
A human usually has xx amount of chromosomes.
6
23
4
46
92
What type of mutation is shown in the image?
Frameshift
Nondisjunction
Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion
Silent Mutation
When a nucleotide is added to a DNA sequence, which of the following will occur?
Point Mutation
Silent Mutation
Frameshift Mutation
Gene Duplication
A parent that has a mutation to their skin cells can pass this mutation to their offspring
True
False
Which is NOT true about sexual reproduction?
only one organism is required to pass on traits
sperm and egg are required for a zygote to form
both parents pass on traits to offspring
A process where somatic (body) cell forms two identical daughter cells is called...
An animal cell placed in a hypertonic (salty) solution will
Stay the same
Shrink- get smaller
Swell- get bigger
In what type of cells would you expect to find many mitochondria?
In most animal cells, DNA is contained in the ______, except for red blood cells which do not have any DNA!
ribosomes ** ribosomas
membrane ** membrane
nucleus ** núcleo
cytoplasm ** citoplasma
What can you conclude about DNA from the idea that it is like a cell's "brain"? *** ¿Qué puedes concluir sobre el ADN a partir de la idea?que es como el "cerebro" de una célula?
It is located at the top of the cell ** Está ubicado en la parte superior de las células
It requires a lot of blood to operate properly ** Requiere mucha sangre para funcionar correctamente
It controls what cells do ** Controla lo que hacen las células
It helps cells think ** Ayuda a las células a pensar
Stem cells are ____________________.
cells that grow uncontrollably
undifferentiated cells that can turn into other types of cells
the first cells of a new living organism (fertilized egg)
specialized cells that do one job
Oxygen moves from the lungs into red blood cells without the use of energy.
What type of transport describes the movement of oxygen into cells?
osmosis
simple diffusion
active transport
Which genotype represents a female who is a carrier for hemophilia?
Which genotype represents a male with hemophilia?
_____________ is often classified as “without oxygen”
Anaerobic
suffocation
aerobic
choking
As a fertilized egg divides, the cells differentiate because they
have different sets of DNA passed on to the daughter cells
have different sets of genes activated in the daughter cells
have mutations that cause different genes to appear in the daughter cells
randomly assort the chromosomes into different daughter cells
Which of these acts to block transcription and therefore gene expression?
Promoter regions of DNA
RNA Polymerase
Repressor Proteins
mRNA
When gene expression occurs
A gene is mutated with either an insertion or deletion
The gene is removed from the genotype in that cell
The gene is passed on to the daughter cells during mitosis
The gene is activated and used in protein synthesis
Which reason explains why nerve cells function differently than muscle cells?
In nerve cells all the genes are expressed.
In muscle cells all the genes are expressed.
In both kinds of cells the same genes are expressed.
In both kinds of cells different genes are expressed.
occur in somatic cells (body cells)
occur in gametic cells (sex cells)
are rejected by meiosis
only occur if the parent is exposed to harmful substances
Which shows a insertion (addition) mutation from the following DNA strand:
GATCATGTA
GATCATCTA
GATCATGGTA
GATATGTA
GATCATGTA
