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Worksheets

PBS Semester 1 Final Review

Total questions: 168

Worksheet time: 3hrs 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

There are _____________chambers in the heart.

a)

3

b)

4

c)

5

2.

The ______________pump blood into the body.

a)

septum

b)

atria

c)

ventricles

3.

What keeps blood from flowing backwards in the heart?

a)

atrium

b)

valves

c)

artery

4.
Name this part.
a)
Right ventricle
b)
Pulmonary artery
c)
Left ventricle
d)
Right atrium
5.
______ carry blood to the heart.
a)
Arteries
b)
Veins
c)
Capillaries
d)
Vena Cava
6.
_____ carries blood away from the heart.
a)
Blood cells
b)
Veins
c)
Capillaries
d)
Arteries
7.
Name this part.
a)
Right atrium
b)
Left ventricle
c)
Right ventricle
d)
Left atrium
8.
5?
a)
Aorta
b)
Pulmonary Valve
c)
Atrium
d)
Ventricle
9.
2?
a)
Right Atrium
b)
Right Ventricle
c)
Left Atrium
d)
Left Ventricle
10.
Which side of the heart pumps blood into the lungs?
a)
Right
b)
Left
11.
Pumps the oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the body
a)
Right Ventricle
b)
Left Ventricle
c)
Right Atrium
d)
Left Atrium
12.
2?
a)
Right Atrium
b)
Right Ventricle
c)
Left Atrium
d)
Left Ventricle
13.
1?
a)
Right Ventricle
b)
Right Pulmonary Vein
c)
Superior Vena Cava
d)
Inferior Vena Cava
14.
Blood has how many parts?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
15.
These blood cells are the protectors and help fight off disease.
a)
Red blood cells
b)
White blood cells
c)
Plasma
d)
Platelets 
16.
This part of blood helps it clot, when you get cut.
a)
Red blood cells
b)
Plasma
c)
Platelets
d)
White blood cells
17.
These blood cells deliver oxygen to the parts of the body.
a)
Red
b)
White
c)
Patelets
d)
Plasma
18.
_______ is made mostly of water and makes up about 55% of the blood
a)
Plasma
b)
Platelets 
c)
Red blood cells
d)
White blood cells
19.
What part of blood is responsible for carrying wastes, nutrients, and minerals?
a)
Red Blood Cells
b)
White Blood Cells
c)
Platelets
d)
Plasma
20.
What part of blood is responsible for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide to or from body cells?
a)
Red Blood Cells
b)
White Blood Cells
c)
Platelets
d)
Plasma
21.
What part of blood is responsible for fighting infections?
a)
Red Blood Cells
b)
White Blood Cells
c)
Platelets
d)
Plasma
22.
What does blood consist of?
a)
plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
b)
hormones, oxygen, nutrients, water
c)
red blood cells
d)
carbon dioxide and minerals
23.

What is the function (job) of the platelets?

a)

To form clots (i.e. scabs) when you have cuts and grazes.

b)

To transport oxygen to the muscles

c)

To carry dissolved sugars.

d)

To produce antibodies

24.

Which blood type is the universal donor?

a)

O+

b)

O-

c)

AB+

d)

AB-

25.

A patient with B+ blood needs a transfusion. Which of the following types can donate to the patient? Select all that apply.

a)

B-

b)

O+

c)

AB-

d)

O-

26.

This determines whether a person's blood type is positive or negative...

a)

Rh factor

b)

platelets

c)

D antibodies

d)

plasma

27.

Someone with Type AB blood has...

a)

Both A & B antibodies

b)

No antibodies

c)

only A antigens

d)

only B antigens

28.

Someone with Type A blood has...

a)

A antigens

b)

A antibodies

c)

B antigens

d)

A & B antigens

29.

Someone with both Type A & B antibodies is which blood type?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

AB

d)

O

30.
Proteins are made of monomers called ___________
a)
Nucleotides
b)
Monosaccharides
c)
Amino Acids
d)
Glycerol and fatty acids
31.
DNA and RNA are examples of 
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
32.
Nucleotides are monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
33.
Monosaccharides are monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
34.
Waxes, oils and fats are examples of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
35.
What is the function of nucleic acids?
a)
store genetic information
b)
store energy (long-term)
c)
store energy (short-term)
d)
build skin, hair, nails, muscles
36.
Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
proteins
37.
Which macromolecule stores energy, insulates us, and makes up the cell membrane?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
carbohydrates
d)
nucleic acids
38.
All polymers are made up of...
a)
monosaccharides
b)
monomers
c)
proteins
d)
None of these
39.
Lipids can be digested into what smaller subunits?
a)
nucleic acids
b)
amino acids
c)
fatty acids
d)
glucose
40.
What are the monomers of DNA?
a)
glycerols
b)
amino acids
c)
fatty acids
d)
nucleotides
41.

Enzymes belong to which class of macromolecules?

a)

lipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

42.

DNA belongs to which class of macromolecules?

a)

proteins

b)

nucleic acids

c)

carbohydrates

d)

lipids

43.

Sugar belongs to which class of macromolecules?

a)

proteins

b)

lipids

c)

nucleic acids

d)

carbohydrates

44.

Which macromolecule is shown?

a)

lipid

b)

protein

c)

nucleic acid

d)

carbohydrate

45.
Which major macromolecule is being represented in this image? 
a)
carbohydrate
b)
lipid
c)
protein
d)
nucleic acid
46.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA? (This is the MONOMER of DNA.) 
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
47.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
48.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
49.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
50.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
51.
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
52.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
53.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
54.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
55.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
56.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
57.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
twisted ladder
d)
hydrogen bond
58.

The oxygen-carrying protein in blood

a)

Platelets

b)

Blood

c)

Plasma

d)

Hemoglobin

e)

White Blood Cells

59.

A wall of tissue that separates the 4 chambers of the heart

a)

Pulmonary Circulation

b)

Valves

c)

Atria

d)

Ventricles

e)

Septum

60.

The process by which blood moves between the heart and the lungs

a)

Pulmonary Circulation

b)

Valves

c)

Atria

d)

Ventricles

e)

Septum

61.

Small vessels that carry blood from arterioles and to small vessels called venules which then empty into veins

a)

Arterioles

b)

Arteries

c)

Veins

d)

Venules

e)

Capillaries

62.

Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

a)

Arterioles

b)

Arteries

c)

Veins

d)

Venules

e)

Capillaries

63.

Blood vessels that return blood to the heart

a)

Arterioles

b)

Arteries

c)

Venules

d)

Veins

e)

Capillaries

64.

Can donate red blood cells to only B & AB

a)

Type O

b)

Type AB

c)

Type B

d)

Type A

65.

Can donate red blood cells to only A & AB

a)

Type O

b)

Type AB

c)

Type B

d)

Type A

66.

When blood leaves this chamber of the heart, it heads out to the body (not the lungs)

a)

left atrium

b)

right atrium

c)

left ventricle

d)

right ventricle

67.

One of the body's largest blood vessels that transports blood from the body region below the diaphragm to the heart

a)

superior vena cava

b)

inferior vena cava

c)

pulmonary trunk

d)

pulmonary veins

68.

When blood leaves this chamber of the heart, it heads to the lungs

a)

right atrium

b)

right ventricle

c)

left atrium

d)

left ventricle

69.

These are the smallest blood vessels with the thinnest walls in order to maximize diffusion of nutrients in and out of the interstitial fluid

a)

arteries

b)

veins

c)

capillaries

d)

aorta

70.

Blood traveling through the pulmonary circuit goes through the right side of the heart and out to the _______

a)

left side of the heart

b)

body

c)

lungs

d)

tricuspid valve

71.

Blood traveling through the systemic circuit goes through the _____ side of the heart and out to the body

a)

right

b)

left

72.
Which letter on the illustration represents the frontal lobe
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
73.
Which letter on the illustration represents the parietal lobe
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
74.
Which letter on the illustration represents the occipital lobe
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
75.
Which letter on the illustration represents the temporal lobe
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
76.
The occipital lobe controls __________.
a)
Vision
b)
Problem Solving
c)
Memory 
d)
Arithmetic & Spelling
77.

What is the spinal chord?

a)

The main pathway for information connecting the brain and peripheral nervous system

b)

The part of our nervous system that gives the rest of the body structure

c)

A series of bones that are made up of vertebrae and cartilage

d)

A small organ that stretches from the brain to the base of the neck

78.
Which of the following are not included in the Nervous System? 
a)
Brain
b)
Spinal Cord
c)
Nerve
d)
Arteries
79.

What are the functions of the digestive system?

a)

Absorption

b)

Elimination

c)

Digestion

d)

All of the above

80.

What is muscular tube that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach?

a)

Uvula

b)

Esophagus

c)

Palate

d)

Salivary glands

81.

What is the last section of the digestive system, where water is absorbed from food and the remaining material is eliminated from the body?

a)

Large Intestine

b)

Small Intestine

c)

Appendix

d)

Pharynx

82.

When food is chewed, mixed, and churned __________ digestion is taking place.

a)

Chemical

b)

Mental

c)

Emotional

d)

Mechanical

83.

When food is broken down by enzymes or acid, __________ digestion is taking place.

a)

Chemical

b)

Mental

c)

Emotional

d)

Mechanical

84.

The __________ is where digestion begins.

a)

Stomach

b)

Small Inestine

c)

Mouth

d)

Liver

85.

The process of changing complex solid foods into simpler soluble forms that can be absorbed by the cells of the body is called:

a)

Digestion

b)

Peristalsis

c)

Mesentary

86.

What digestive organ is the arrow pointing to?

a)

Liver

b)

Stomach

c)

Gallbladder

d)

Pancreas

87.

What is the purpose of the gallbladder?

a)

Storing and concentrating bile when not needed

b)

Creating gallstones

c)

Creating and storing bile until needed

88.

What are the functions of Pancreas?

a)

Helps in digestion and regulating blood pressure

b)

Helps in digestion and regulating blood sugar

c)

Helps in blood sugar regulation and produces insulin

d)

Helps in blood sugar regulation and produces glucagon

89.

What is the main purpose of the small intestine?

a)

nutrients get absorbed into the blood/lacteal

b)

bile is produced

c)

water is removed

d)

nutrients are assimilated

90.

We get our nutrients through digestive system.

a)

True

b)

False

91.

Which type of cell is this?

a)

Prokaryote

b)

Eukaryote

92.
What type of cell has a nucleus? 
a)
eukaryotic
b)
prokaryotic 
93.
Plants and animal cells are examples of ___ cells 
a)
prokaryotic cells 
b)
eukaryotic cells 
94.

All of the following contain a cell wall except:

a)

prokaryotes

b)

animal cells

c)

plant cells

d)

bacteria

95.

Which type of cells has a chloroplast?

a)

Prokaryote

b)

Plant Cell

c)

Animal Cell

96.

Which does only eukaryotic cells contain?

a)

nucleus

b)

DNA

c)

cell membrane

d)

ribosomes

97.

Which organelle is photosynthetic?

a)

cell wall

b)

chloroplast

c)

mitochondria

d)

vesicle

98.

Prokaryotic cells do not have…….

a)

membrane bound organelles

b)

cell membrane

c)

DNA or RNA

d)

life

99.
This is a picture of:
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
100.

Bacteria are considered what?

a)

Eukaryotes

b)

Prokaryotes

101.

Prokaryotes do NOT have....

a)

membrane bound organelles

b)

DNA or RNA

c)

Cell membrane

d)

Life

102.
Where will the water go?
a)
Into the cell
b)
Out of the cell
c)
Equally in & out - it's isotonic
d)
There is no water
103.
A blood cell is placed into the jar, as seen. Where will the water go?
a)
Into the cell
b)
Out of the cell
c)
Equally in & out - it's isotonic
d)
The water is a lie
104.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
105.
 If a cell containing 5% salt is placed into a glass of water with 20% salt, the water is _______ compared to the cell.
a)
hypertonic
b)
hypotonic
c)
isotonic
106.
 An animal cell placed in a hypertonic (salty) solution will
a)
Stay the same
b)
Shrink- get smaller
c)
Swell- get bigger
107.
During osmosis
a)
water moves from high to low concentration
b)
large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane
c)
water moves when energy is used
d)
proteins are built
108.
Why can't you drink salt water?
a)
It's hypertonic to your cells
b)
It's hypotonic to your cells
c)
It's isotonic to your cells
d)
It's paratonic to your cells
109.
Permeable means
a)
things can pass through
b)
the concentration levels are different
c)
it is permanent
d)
things are stuck
110.
_______ regulates what enters and leaves a cell.  
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Cytoplasm
111.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
112.
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
113.
In which case would a cell most likely shrink?
a)
when placed in a solution containing a high salt concentration
b)
when placed in a isotonic solution
c)
when placed in a solution containing a low pH
d)
when placed in a solution containing distilled water
114.
The picture below is an example of _________________.
a)
osmosis
b)
isotonic
c)
diffusion
d)
active transport
115.

An animal cell placed in a hypertonic salt solution will

a)

stay the same

b)

shrink in size

c)

swell in size

d)

grow another brain

116.

Ideally, your cells should be in a(n) _____ solution.

a)

isotonic

b)

hypertonic

c)

hypotonic

d)

hyperbaric

117.

In a solution of salt water, salt is considered the ____.

a)

Solvent

b)

Solute

c)

Solution

d)

Diffusion

118.

When both the inside and outside of a cell have the same amount of water, it is said that the cell has reached a state of _____.

a)

osmosis

b)

equilibrium

c)

diffusion

d)

hypertonic

119.

Osmosis is specifically.....

a)

diffusion of water molecules through a semi-permeable mebrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

b)

the diffusion of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

c)

diffusion of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

d)

the diffusion of particles from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

120.
What is the diffusion of water only across a cell or semi-permeable membrane?
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Passive Transport
121.
In which case would a cell most likely shrink?
a)
when placed in a solution containing a high salt concentration
b)
when placed in a isotonic solution
c)
when placed in a solution containing a low pH
d)
when placed in a solution containing distilled water
122.
A student noticed that placing wilted lettuce in a bowl of cool water caused the lettuce to become more crisp and firm. What is the best explanation for his observation?
a)
Water moved into the lettuce cells by active transport.
b)
Water moved into the lettuce cells by osmosis.
c)
Salt moved into the lettuce cells by diffusion.
d)
Water moved out of the lettuce cells by osmosis.
123.
_______ regulates what enters and leaves a cell.  
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Cytoplasm
124.
Where is there a low concentration of dye?
a)
at the bottom of cup
b)
in the color
c)
at the top of cup 
d)
no concenteraion gradient
125.
The picture below is an example of _________________.
a)
osmosis
b)
isotonic
c)
diffusion
d)
active transport
126.
Where will the water go?
a)
Into the cell
b)
Out of the cell
c)
Equally in & out - it's isotonic
d)
There is no water
127.

Nemo and other ocean dwelling fish cannot survive in freshwater because......

a)

freshwater is hypertonic to Nemo's cells and will result in water leaving them causing the cells to shrink

b)

freshwater is hypotonic to Nemo's cells and will result in water leaving them causing the cells to shrink

c)

freshwater is hypertonic to Nemo's cells and will result in water entering them causing the cells to swell and burst

d)

freshwater is hypotonic to Nemo's cells and will result in water enter them causing the cells to swell and burst

128.

In the cell pictured, which way would water move?

a)

Into the cell, causing the cell to swell

b)

Out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink

c)

In and out of the cell equally, keeping the shape the same

129.

In the cell pictured, where would water move? 

a)

Into the cell, causing it to swell

b)

Out of the cell, causing it to shrink

c)

In and out of the cell equally, causing the shape to stay the same

130.

In the cell pictured, which way would water move?

a)

Into the cell, causing the cell to swell

b)

Out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink

c)

In and out of the cell equally, keeping the shape the same

131.

In the cell pictured, which way would water move?

a)

Into the cell, causing the cell to swell

b)

Out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink

c)

In and out of the cell equally, keeping the shape the same

132.

In the cell pictured, which way would water move?

a)

Into the cell, causing the cell to swell

b)

Out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink

c)

In and out of the cell equally, keeping the shape the same

133.

Osmosis is the diffusion of ____ across a selectively permeable membrane

a)

food

b)

air

c)

water

d)

oxygen

134.

During diffusion

a)

substances move from high to low concentration

b)

water moves when energy is used

c)

larger or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane

d)

water moves from high to low concentration

135.

What will happen when an egg with a dissolved shell is placed in water for 48 hours?

a)

The egg will neither shrink or well

b)

The egg will gain water and swell

c)

The egg will lose water and shrink

d)

The egg will dissolve completely

136.

An animal cell placed in a hypertonic salt solution will

a)

stay the same

b)

shrink in size

c)

swell in size

d)

grow another brain

137.

Ideally, your cells should be in a(n) _____ solution.

a)

isotonic

b)

hypertonic

c)

hypotonic

d)

hyperbaric

138.

When cells move from a higher concentration to a lower concentration, it is called

a)

isotonic

b)

diffusion

c)

osmosis

d)

active transport

139.

When both the inside and outside of a cell have the same amount of water, it is said that the cell has reached a state of _____.

a)

osmosis

b)

equilibrium

c)

diffusion

d)

hypertonic

140.

In a solution of salt water, salt is considered the ____.

a)

Solvent

b)

Solute

c)

Solution

d)

Diffusion

141.

If you looked at red blood cells under a microscope and saw the blood cells exploded, what would you say happened?

a)

The cells were placed in a hypotonic solution

b)

The cells were placed in a hypertonic solution

c)

The cells were placed in a isotonic solution

d)

The cells were placed in an explosive

142.

What does selectively permeable mean?

a)

Only small substances pass through the membrane

b)

All substances can pass through the membrane

c)

Nothing gets through the membrane

d)

There is a party in the membrane

143.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
144.

According to the graph, what is causing the deer population to decrease

a)

They got sick

b)

The wolf population is decreasing

c)

The wolf population increased

d)

They ran out of food

145.

Predator population lags behind prey population because......

a)

Increase in predators leads to decrease in prey

b)

Increase in predators leads to increase in prey

c)

Increase in predators leads to decrease in producers

d)

Increase in producers leads to increase in prey

146.
How many carnivores are shown in this food web?
a)
6
b)
4
c)
5
d)
3
147.
A consumer that hunts is called:
a)
A producer.
b)
An omnivore.
c)
A predator.
d)
A herbivore.
148.
When predator numbers decrease, prey numbers ____________ because fewer of them are being consumed.
a)
decrease
b)
increase
c)
stay the same
d)
divide in half
149.
A frog eats a fly. The frog and fly are demonstrating ________.
a)
mutualism
b)
competition
c)
predator/prey
d)
parasitism
150.
Which is a producer?
a)
deer
b)
tall grass
c)
lion
d)
worm
151.
What is this called?
a)
Food Web
b)
Food Chain
c)
Abiotic Factors
152.
If a frog is the prey, what could be the predator?
a)
Grass
b)
Insect
c)
Snake
d)
Snail
153.
What does a Primary Consumer eat?
a)
Tertiary Consumers
b)
Secondary Consumers
c)
Producers
154.
An organism that lives by breaking apart dead organic matter into simpler parts is...
a)
scavenger
b)
consumer
c)
decomposer
d)
carnivore
155.
A third-level consumer has to be which type?
a)
Carnivore.
b)
Decomposer.
c)
Producer.
d)
Herbivore.
156.
An animal that eats other animals is a....
a)
carnivore
b)
omnivore
c)
herbivore
d)
decomposer
157.
In a food web, arrows point at:
a)
who gets energy.
b)
who gets eaten.
158.
Bacteria, fungi, and earthworms are examples of: 
a)
scavengers
b)
predators
c)
prey
d)
decomposers
159.
A community of living and nonliving things in their natural environment makes up a 
a)
food web
b)
ecosystem
c)
food chain
160.
__________ is an organism that eats BOTH plants and animals for energy.
a)
Omnivore
b)
Darnivore
c)
Carnivore
d)
Herbiovre
161.
Which organism recieves the least amount of energy from the producer?
a)
Owl
b)
Grasshopper
c)
Lilypad
d)
Mouse
162.

In an energy pyramid, energy _________ as you move up the pyramid.

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

d)

changes up and down

163.

In this energy pyramid, which organisms have the most energy available?

a)

Producers

b)

Carnivores

c)

Herbivores

d)

Top Predator

164.

In this energy pyramid, which organism has the least amount of energy available?

a)

Producers

b)

Carnivores

c)

Herbivores

d)

Top Predator

165.

The diagram represents a pyramid of energy in an ecosystem.  Which level would most likely contain members of the plant kingdom?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

166.

What is the ultimate source of energy for an ecosystem?

a)

Producers

b)

Decomposers

c)

Tertiary Consumers (APEX predators)

d)

Sun

167.

What is the average amount of energy transferred from one trophic level to the next?

a)

90%

b)

10%

c)

20%

d)

50%

168.

If there is 1000 Kcal available at the producers level, how much energy is available in the primary consumers level?

a)

100 Kcal

b)

10 Kcal

c)

1 Kcal

d)

1000 Kcal