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WorksheetsPhysical Science Final Exam Review
Total questions: 69
Worksheet time: 35mins
Zinc and sulfurcombine to form zinc sulfide (ZnS) in which type of reaction?
Synthesis
decomposition
single replacement
double replacement
The light and dark circles in the pictures below represent different types of atoms. Which picture best represents a pure compound?
A student mixes salt and water in a beaker to form a solution. What properties of the substances would allow the student to then separate the components?
Densities
particle size
boiling points
electrical conductivity
An alpha particle that is emitted as nuclear radiation has the same structure as a
Hydrogen nucleus
helium nucleus
neutron
electron
Which action will cause sugar to form a new substance?
Cooking sugar on stove
dissolving a sugar cube in water
Pouring sugar through a screen
crushing sugar cube into pieces
A student added 10 mL of sodium chloride, NaCl, to 100 mL of water and then stirred the mixture until the salt was no longer visible. Which of the following best describes the mixture?
Sodium chloride is a solute, water is a solvent, and salt is the solution
Sodium chloride is the solute, salt water is the solvent, and water is the solution
Water is the solute, sodium chloride is the solvent, and salt water is the solution
Water is the solute, saltwater is the solvent, and sodium chloride is the solution
The chemical formula for water is H2O. What does the formula show about each element in the compound?
The number of valence electron
The charge of the compound
The mass of the protons in each atom
The number of atoms of each element
The weight of an object can change even when the mass stays the same. Which statement correctly identifies a relationship between mass and weight?
The weight of the object depends on the mass and its volume
Gravity affects the weight of an object but not its mass
The mass of the object depends on its weight size
Magnetic fields can affect mass but not weight
The electron dot diagrams of calcium and magnesium are shown. Both elements have the same number of valence electrons. In what other way are these elements the same?
Both elements have the same atomic mass
Both elements have the same atomic number
Both elements are in the same period on the periodic table
Both elements are in the same group on the periodic table
A 0.20 kg softball travels 97 meters (m) south for 4.5 seconds (s). What piece of information distinguishes the velocity from the speed of the ball?
The ball went to south
the ball travelled 97m
The ball flew for 4.5sec
the ball has a mass of 0.20 kg
Marcos and Helen study the electron configurations of neutral atoms. They draw the atomic models shown. Due to their electron structure, what do the two atoms have in common?
Family
Period
Mass Number
Atomic Number
Compounds can be classified as covalent or ionic by noting the location on the periodic table for each atom in the compound. Which compound is covalently bonded?
Sodium chloride (NaCl)
potassium bromide (KBr)
Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
Magnesium chloride (MgCl)
On the periodic table, helium (He) is placed at the top of group 18 (8A). What is the reason for helium being at this location on the periodic table?
Helium has a filled outer energy level
helium loses electron easily
Helium is a very reactive gas
helium is a transition metal
The drawing below shows three sealed containers labeled X, Y, and Z. Each contains a sample of matter in a different state. Based on this information, which statement most likely represents the state of matter in each container?
X contains a solid, Y contains a liquid, and Z contains a gas
X contains a solid, Y contains a gas, and Z contains a liquid
X contains a liquid, Y contains a solid, and Z contains a gas
X contains a liquid, Y contains a gas, and Z contains a solid
The noble gases, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, rarely react with other elements because they
Are low-density gases
Are not abundant on Earth
Have complete outermost energy level
Have 2 electrons in their outermost energy level
Which graph best represents a constant acceleration?
The table below shows the change in pH that occurred when 100.0 mL of an unknown solution were added to 100.0 mL of hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution. Which unknown solution completely neutralized the HCl through a chemical reaction?
1
2
3
4
The elements fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), and iodine (I) are all in the same column on the periodic table. Which is the best explanation for this arrangement?
They are all gases at room temperature
They were all discovered in ancient times
They have the same number of energy levels
They have the same number of valence electrons
Which type of radiation has the least penetrating power?
Gamma
beta
alpha
x-ray
How do the nuclear reactions that power the Sun compare to the nuclear reactions that occur in a reactor at a nuclear power facility?
The Sun is powered via nuclear fusion while a nuclear power facility harnesses energy from nuclear fission
The Sun is powered via nuclear fission while a nuclear power facility harnesses energy from nuclear fusion.
Both the Sun and a nuclear power facility are powered by nuclear fusion reactions
An ice cube melts on a hot summer day because the energy of the particles
Decreases over a period of time and is lost
Increases and the particles move apart
Cause them to lock together
Is converted into potential energy
Which of these causes matter to resist a change in motion?
Inertia
friction
gravity
weight
A student observes a substance that is highly reflective and able to conduct electricity. The substance also has a high melting point. Which is the most likely classification for this substance?
Salt
glass
metal
plastic
Calcium carbonate is used to treat acid reflux, which is sometimes called heartburn. What happens when calcium carbonate reaches the stomach?
Calcium carbonate absorbs excess stomach acid
Calcium carbonate neutralizes acid in the stomach
Calcium carbonate increases the acidity of the stomach
Calcium carbonate causes acid in the stomach to precipitate
As water starts to freeze, the molecules of water
Gain thermal energy
increase in size
Move freely
decrease in speed
Compounds can be classified as covalent or ionic by noting the location on the periodic table for each atom in the compound. Which of the following compounds is ionic?
Sulfur dioxide
carbon monoxide
Sodium chloride
Sulfur bromide
The chemical equation below shows the amount of the reactants used and the amount of only one of the products formed. How much water (H2O) should be formed in this chemical reaction?
5g
9g
27g
31g
Which can be broken down chemically into simpler substances?
Isotopes
atoms
compounds
elements
Which of these statements best represents the law of conservation of energy?
Potential energy can be completely converted to kinetic energy
The total energy in a system decreases over time
Energy is being created in the universe every day.
The energy created by machines can be lost
Alkaline earth metals are not found in their free state in nature. Their electron configurations contain two outer electrons. Because they easily give up these two outer electrons, what type of bond do they typically form?
Covalent
hydrogen
ionic
metallic
Which element is most likely to form an ion with a negative 2 charge?
Oxygen
nitrogen
beryllium
magnesium
A nuclear power facility harnesses energy via what energy process?
Nuclear fusion
chemical reaction
nuclear fission
cold fusion
Which sentence correctly describes a friction force?
It acts in the same direction as the motion of an object.
It acts in a direction opposite to the motion of the object
It acts in the direction opposite to the motion of an object
It acts in the same direction as the force of gravity on the object
Which of the following is the balanced chemical equation that represents the chemical reaction of potassium and oxygen to produce potassium oxide?
K + O → KO
4K + O2 →2K2O
2K + 2O →K2O2
K + O2 → KO2
A force of 12 N is used to lift a box 0.5 meters above a floor. What amount of work was done to lift the box?
6.0 N.m
11.5N
12.5 N
24.0 N.m
The periodic table of the elements organizes elements according to their properties. A section of the periodic table is shown. Select the three elements from the choices below that are most similar in chemical behavior.
Be
Ca
K
Ra
Which of these is a chemical property of a material?
Density
flammability
color
brittleness
Unsweetened chocolate has a very bitter taste. What does this taste indicate about some of the compounds in unsweetened chocolate?
They are acidic
they are neutral
They are basic
they are salts
Lucy made the following observation about gases: 'Gases can be easily compressed and are able to expand to fill their containers.' Lucy's observation describes which of the following?
Changes in state
properties of matter
States of matter
changes in chemical properties
Which of these is a decomposition reaction?
2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
Fe + CuCl2 → FeCl2 + Cu
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
Energy is absorbed and released through endothermic and exothermic processes. Which is an example of an exothermic process?
ice melting
ice sublimating
water evaporating
water freezing
Julie listed some information about calcium chloride ( CaCl2 ) in her notebook. Which of her notes listed indicates a chemical property of calcium chloride(CaCl2) ?
It is white and granular
The density is 2.15 g/cm3
The melting point is 772°C
It releases energy when it reacts with water
The action of swimmers using their arms to propel themselves through the water is an example of what law?
Newton's first law of motion
Newton's third las of motion
Law of conservation of linear momentum
Law of conservation of angular momentum
In the reaction shown, iron reacts with water to form iron oxide (Fe3O4) and hydrogen gas (H2). Which of these best describes the iron(Fe) reactant?
Molecule
ion
compound
element
Four colored liquids were poured into a beaker. If the liquids settled into separate layers as shown, which of the colored liquids has the greatest density?
Green
Black
Blue
Red
Which chemical equation is correctly balanced?
Mg(NO3 )+K2CO3 → MgCO3+ KNO3
Mg(NO3) + K2CO3→MgCO3 +2KNO3
2Mg(NO3 )+K2CO3 → 2MgCO3+ KNO3
Mg(NO3) + 2K2CO3→MgCO3 +2KNO3
What is nuclear fission?
a process in which the nucleus of an atom combines with the nucleus of another atom to form a single heavier nucleus
a process in which the nucleus of an atom combines with the nucleus of another atom to form several lighter nuclei
a process in which the nucleus of an atom splits into individual protons and neutrons
a process in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more lighter nuclei
An atom of the element fluorine can be represented by the Bohr model shown below. If the atomic mass of this atom is 19, how many neutrons are in the nucleus?
9
10
19
28
The graph below shows four distance vs. time curves.
Which line on the graph shows both an increase in speed and positive acceleration?
Line 1
Line 2
Line 3
Line 4
What change takes place in a substance as the molecular motion of that substance increases?
The substance changes from a liquid to a gas
The substance changes from gas to liquid
The substance changes from a liquid to a solid
The substance changes from a gas to a solid
Which equation is a balanced chemical equation?
2NaOH +CaBr2→ Ca ( OH) 2+NaBr
NO+ Cl2→NOCl
CaCO3 → CaO +2CO2
2AlCl3 +3Mg → 3MgCl2 + 2Al
Elements with the same valence electron configuration can be expected to have similar
Atomic mass
chemical reactivity
number of protons
number of electrons
What simple machines combine to make a shovel which is a compound machine?
Wheel and axle and lever
level and pulley
Inclined plane, wheel & axle
wedge and lever
José is investigating the relationship between energy and the motion of an object. José releases a ball onto a U-shaped ramp and observes the motion of the ball as it rolls back and forth between sides 1 and 2. Which explains the total energy of the ball on the ramp?
The ball loses potential energy and absorbs thermal energy when rolling upward
The ball gains potential energy and absorbs thermal energy when rolling downward.
The ball loses kinetic energy and gains potential energy when rolling upward
The ball loses kinetic energy and loses potential energy when rolling downward.
A student is given a liquid compound in a beaker. Which of the following is the best way to describe this liquid compound?
definite shape, indefinite volume
definite shape, definite volume
indefinite shape, indefinite volume
indefinite shape, definite volume
56. During exercise, muscle cells break down glucose ( C6H12O6 ) to provide energy. This chemical reaction is represented by the following chemical equation.
Glucose is broken down into smaller molecules
The mass on each side of the equation is the same
Mass is conserved when it is converted to heat
Energy is created by breaking apart molecules
During a classroom discussion on motion, the teacher instructs the class to write down something that specifically addresses Isaac Newton's second law of motion. Which of these responses would best represent the second law?
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Every object continues at rest unless acted on by outside forces.
Acceleration depends on the force applied and the mass of an object
Every object attracts every other object and the force is proportional to their masses.
What type of reaction occurs when potassium iodide is combined with lead (II) nitrate?
Combustion
Synthesis
Single Replacement
Double Replacement
An increased concentration of what ion characterizes a solution of a base in water?
Hydrogen ion
Hydronium ions
Hydroxide ions
hydrochloride ions
A 20-N force acts on a 5-kg object at rest. How fast will the object accelerate on a frictionless surface?
4m/s2
15m/s2
25m/s2
100m/s2
Which information does a student need to differentiate between the speed and the velocity of a vehicle in motion?
the rate of motion
the direction of motion
the change in the amount of motion
the distance travelled during the motion
What is one of the characteristics of an acidic compound?
pink color
slippery feel
unpleasant odor
sour taste
Metal atoms most likely form ions by the
loss of electrons
loss of protons
gain of electrons
gain of proton
What is the chemical formula for ammonium hydroxide?
NH3OH
NH4OH
NH3(OH)3
NHOH3
Rust is a compound with the formula Fe2O3. Which elements combine to form rust?
iron and water
iron and oxygen
iron and air
iron and acid
A car starts from rest and goes due east reaching a speed of 40 m/s. What additional information is needed in order to calculate the acceleration of the car?
the car's mass
the car's initial velocity
the total time of the car's motion
the total distance travelled by the car
The Lewis dot diagram for an unidentified element is shown below. Which element could X represent?
iron
chlorine
silicon
oxygen
When one form of energy is converted into other forms of energy, the total amount of energy
Varies throughout the conversion
Increase because some energy is created
Remains constant throughout the conversion
Decreases because some energy is destroyed
Susan and Joe push a table 18 meters down a hall by exerting a force of 200 newtons (N). What is the total amount of work done on the table?
1600 joules
1800 joules
2000 joules
3600 joules
