The three main systems involved in maintaining homeostasis

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The system of the body which covers the outside of the body--commonly known as skin

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The part of the skin that has no blood vessels and is exposed to the environment

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A tough, water-proof protein fiber that toughens and hardens cells. Fingernails and toenails contain much of this

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The main pigment responsible for skin color

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The characteristic of being unable to produce melanin

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Two protein fibers in the dermis that give skin its ability to stretch

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A fatty layer of loose connective tissue that bind the skin to the underlying organs

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A natural process that protects the body from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun

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A serious problem for sunbathers

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Hair grows from these

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A group of smooth muscle cells that contract when you are cold forming "goose bumps"

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An oil produced by Sebaceous Glands that waterproofs your skin and keeps it soft and flexible

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The result of excess oil clogging hair follicle openings

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The removal of waste substances from the body

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A major part of the excretory system that excretes the liquid wastes of the body

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The most important excretory organs whose primary function is to cleanse the blood of wastes

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Stores urine until it is discharged through the urethra

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The tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body

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The name for the microscopic network of blood vessels and renal tubules of the kidney where blood is filtered and purified liquids are absorbed

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The return of glucose, hormones, and other useful molecules from the filtered fluid of the kidneys back to the blood

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The process of the flow of blood through the kidneys

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Acts on the circulatory system to increase blood pressure

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Another name for an artificial kidney

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Solid, rock-like particles of calcium that break loose from the kidney & travel through the urinary system

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The condition that occurs when uric acid accumulates in the joints causing pain because it is not filtered properly by the kidneys

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One of the worst problems associated with the kidneys

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The process of using an artificial kidney (dialyzer) to separate blood molecules of different sizes using a membrane

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This system allows for efficient control over the entire body for longer periods of time than the nervous system

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These glands manufacture and secrete their products into the blood

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These glands manufacture and secrete their products to the outside of the body

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These glands are sometimes called the master glands because they affect the other endocrine glands

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The growth hormone produced by the pituitary gland that regulates skeletal growth

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The gland located in the neck that regulates the rate at which food is changed into energy

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The hormone produced by the thyroid that regulates general activities related to metabolism and oxidation

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A condition from a deficiency of thyroxine during infancy which prevents children from growing (produces short limbs and enlarged heads)

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A condition in adults when the thyroid becomes less active thereby reducing the heart rate and enlarging the heart

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A condition caused by an overactive thyroid resulting in persons becoming thin, restless, and nervous

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A condition caused by a lack of iodine in the thyroid. This enlarges the thyroid and produces swelling in the neck

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Two hormones produced by the islets of Langerhans which regulate the body's use of blood glucose

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This hormone signals the liver and muscles to remove glucose from the blood

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This hormone increases the level of sugar in the blood

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The name of the disease that is the result of the pancreas not producing adequate amounts of insulin or not responding to it

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The type of diabetes where the body does not respond properly to insulin

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The type of diabetes where the body does not produce adequate amounts of insulin

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These sit like small caps on the top of the kidneys and produce the "fight or flight" hormone thereby preparing the body for emergency situations

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The hormone that speeds up the heartbeat and increases the supply of blood to the skeletal muscles

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The gland responsible for the body's waking and sleeping cycles

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The hormone that causes the autonomic nervous system to relax and slows the reticular formation thereby causing sleepiness

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The time of physical transition from child to adult where hormones cause body changes to occur

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The main reproductive organs

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The male gonads

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The female gonads

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The main male reproductive hormone produced by the testes

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The primary female reproductive hormone produced by the ovaries

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A hollow muscular organ in the lower abdomen whose primary purpose is to provide a place for an unborn child to develop

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The 38- to 40-week period from conception to birth

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The unborn child is considered to be this from the 9th week until birth

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The unborn child is considered to be this for the first 8 weeks of conception

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A hollow ball of cells that repeatedly divide from a zygote (fertilized egg)

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These allow a growing child to receive needed nourishment in the mother's womb

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A sac of blood vessels connecting the mother and child

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A child's fetal development ends with this process of birth

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A scar left when the dried remains of the umbilical cord fall off

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