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MIDTERM RECAP - 1/17/24

Total questions: 124

Worksheet time: 2hrs 37mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Why is the Enlightenment considered a turning point in world history?

a)

The factory system was used to mass-produce goods.

b)

Martin Luther broke away from the Roman Catholic Church.

c)

Europeans changed their thinking about the role of government.

d)

The Columbian exchange occurred.

2.

Which period of history had the greatest influence on the Enlightenment ideas of natural law and reason?

a)

Pax Romana

b)

Middle Ages

c)

Age of Exploration

d)

Scientific Revolution

3.

Many European monarchs of the 1600s maintained that they should have absolute power to rule because they

a)

needed to defend their nations against threats from the Western Hemisphere

b)

thought that all people should have the right to a good ruler

c)

had been given their power to govern from God

d)

thought that communism was the superior political system

4.

Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in

a)

changing the relationship between people and their government

b)

supporting the divine right theory

c)

debating the role of the Church in society

d)

promoting increased powers for European monarchs

5.

According to John Locke, the chief role of government was to

a)

protect natural rights

b)

fight territorial wars

c)

ensure the wealth of citizens

d)

redistribute land

6.

European political thinkers who supported the Enlightenment believed that

a)

religious tolerance is a dangerous concept

b)

an absolute monarchy is the most effective government

c)

governments should protect the rights of the people

d)

civil liberties should be given as rewards for political loyalty.

7.

Sir Isaac Newton, Galileo Galilei, and Johannes Kepler are all directly associated with the

a)

Industrial Revolution

b)

Scientific Revolution

c)

English Revolution

d)

Agricultural Revolution

8.

One contribution that John Locke made to Enlightenment philosophy was the idea that

a)

absolute monarchies should continue

b)

the punishment should fit the crime

c)

individual rights should be denied

d)

governments should be based on the consent of the people

9.

During the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, one similarity in the work of many scientists and philosophers was that they

a)

relied heavily on the ideas of medieval thinkers

b)

favored an absolute monarchy as a way of improving economic conditions

c)

received support from the Catholic Church

d)

examined natural laws governing the universe

10.

"When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates [government officials], there can be no liberty; because apprehensions [fears] may arise, lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws to execute them in a tyrannical manner. . . . " - Baron de Montesquieu, Spirit of the Laws Which solution would Baron de Montesquieu offer to avoid the enactment of tyrannical laws?

a)

granting freedom of speech

b)

reinstating absolute monarchies

c)

separating the branches of government

d)

limiting natural laws

11.

In Two Treatises of Government, John Locke wrote that the purpose of government was to

a)

keep kings in power

b)

regulate the economy

c)

expand territory

d)

protect natural rights

12.

John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau would be most likely to support

a)

a return to feudalism in Europe

b)

a government ruled by a divine right monarchy

c)

a society ruled by the Catholic Church

d)

the right of citizens to decide the best form of government

13.

In the 17th and 18th centuries, the theory of divine right was most often used to justify the

a)

involvement of the peasants in making political decisions

b)

introduction of free trade policies

c)

supreme power of the Catholic Church

d)

establishment of an absolute monarchy

14.

Which group expressed the most organized opposition to the scientific method during the 16th and 17th centuries?

a)

clergy

b)

merchants

c)

peasants

d)

political leaders

15.

Locke's Two Treatises of Government, Rousseau's The Social Contract, and Montesquieu's The Spirit of the Laws were works written during which time period?

a)

Middle Ages

b)

Renaissance

c)

Enlightenment

d)

Reformation

16.

The heliocentric model, the development of inductive reasoning, and the work of Descartes are all associated with which revolution?

a)

Neolithic

b)

Agricultural

c)

Green

d)

Scientific

17.

Philosophers of the Enlightenment period believed that society could best be improved by

a)

relying on faith and divine right

b)

borrowing ideas from ancient Greece and Rome

c)

applying reason and the laws of nature

d)

studying the practices of successful leaders

18.

Which statement best describes the effects of the works of Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Sir Isaac Newton, and René Descartes?

a)

The acceptance of traditional authority was strengthened.

b)

The scientific method was used to solve problems.

c)

Funding to education was increased by the English government.

d)

Interest in Greek and Roman drama was renewed.

19.

The writers and philosophers of the Enlightenment believed that government decisions should be based on

a)

fundamental religious beliefs

b)

the concept of divine right of kings

c)

laws of nature and reason

d)

traditional values

20.

Which was most highly valued by European intellectuals of the Age of Enlightenment?

a)

obedience to traditional ways

b)

loyalty to one's nation

c)

progress through the use of reason

d)

strengthening of religious institutions

21.

The French people supported Napoleon Bonaparte because they hoped he would

a)

adopt the ideas of the Protestant Reformation

b)

restore Louis XVI to power

c)

provide stability for the nation

d)

end British control of France

22.

A major goal of the Congress of Vienna was to

a)

establish democratic governments in all European nations

b)

maintain a balance of power in Europe

c)

return Napoleon Bonaparte to power

d)

create independent governments for Austria and Hungary

23.

One of the main purposes of the Congress of Vienna (1814–1815) was to

a)

promote the unification of Italy

b)

preserve the German territories gained by Otto von Bismarck

c)

restore the power of the Holy Roman Empire

d)

establish a balance of power in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon

24.

Which factors helped cause the defeat of Napoleon during his invasion of Russia?

a)

the severe winters and large size of Russia

b)

the many rivers and mountains of Russia

c)

the coalition between the Russian czar and the democratic leaders

d)

the well-trained and well-supplied Russian army

25.

At the Congress of Vienna (1815), the governments of Europe reacted to the French Revolution and the rule of Napoleon by attempting to

a)

restore old regimes to power

b)

spread the idea of democracy

c)

encourage nationalist movements

d)

promote the European free-trade zone

26.

One major effect of Napoleon's rule of France was that it led to

a)

an increase in the power of the Roman Catholic Church

b)

massive emigration to the Americas

c)

trade agreements with Great Britain

d)

a restoration of political stability

27.

In France, which was a major result of the French Revolution?

a)

The King was restored to unlimited power.

b)

The clergy dominated government.

c)

The middle class gained political influence.

d)

The tax burden was carried by the lower classes.

28.

A study of revolutions would most likely lead to the conclusion that prerevolutionary governments

a)

are more concerned about human rights than the governments that replace them are

b)

refuse to modernize their armed forces with advanced technology

c)

attempt to bring about the separation of government from religion

d)

fail to meet the political and economic needs of their people

29.

The French bourgeoisie supported the French Revolution mainly because they

a)

believed in the theory of the divine right of kings

b)

were not allowed to own property under the Old Regime

c)

resented their lack of political power under the Old Regime

d)

wanted a communist form of government

30.

Which statement is a valid generalization about the immediate results of the French Revolution of 1789?

a)

The Roman Catholic Church increased its power and wealth.

b)

The Revolution achieved its goal of establishing peace, democracy, and justice for all.

c)

The Revolution had little impact outside France.

d)

The French middle class gained more power.

31.

Revolutions have most often occurred in nations in which

a)

the majority of the people are economically prosperous

b)

social mobility is encouraged

c)

citizens can participate in the political process

d)

social, political, or economic dissatisfaction exists

32.

A primary cause of the French Revolution in 1789 was the

a)

increasing dissatisfaction of the Third Estate

b)

rise to power of Napoleon Bonaparte

c)

actions of Prince Metternich

d)

execution of Louis XIV

33.

Which historical development showed the desire of a group to gain independence from a colonial power?

a)

rise of the Nazi Party in Germany

b)

Solidarity movement in Poland

c)

Tiananmen Square uprising in China

d)

Sepoy Mutiny in India

34.

One result of the Opium War was that China

a)

adopted democratic reforms

b)

gained control of Hong Kong

c)

regained control of Manchuria

d)

was divided into spheres of influence

35.

What was a direct result of the Opium War in 19th-century China?

a)

Japan gained control of Hong Kong.

b)

Kublai Khan rose to power in China.

c)

Chinese ports were opened for trade with European powers.

d)

Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) fled to Taiwan.

36.

Which events formed the basis for the ideas expressed in this early 1900's passage?

a)

Opium War and Boxer Rebellion

b)

Mau Mau uprising and adoption of apartheid

c)

Sepoy Mutiny and the Salt March

d)

Haitian Revolution and Cortes' march on Mexico City

37.

The arrival of Commodore Matthew Perry in Japan in 1853 signaled the end of Japanese

a)

cultural contacts with the West

b)

policies of isolationism

c)

militarism in Southeast Asia

d)

trade relations with the United States

38.

An immediate result of Commodore Matthew Perry's visit to Japan in 1853 was

a)

an alliance between Japan and Russia

b)

the development of trade between Japan and the West

c)

a war between Japan and the United States

d)

the continued isolation of Japan

39.

One immediate outcome of Admiral Perry's visit to Japan in the mid-19th century was that Japan

a)

increased exports of its agricultural surpluses

b)

recognized its need for Western technology

c)

needed a market for its many industrial products

d)

desired to send some of its population to settle in Western nations

40.

In Japan, which change occurred during the Meiji Restoration?

a)

Industrialization increased.

b)

Emphasis on education decreased.

c)

The power of the shogun increased.

d)

The armed forces were disbanded.

41.

In an attempt to modernize Japan during the late 1800s, the leaders of the Meiji government decided to

a)

study Western institutions and technology

b)

maintain a policy of isolationism

c)

establish close relations with China

d)

end the political power of the Buddhists

42.

A major goal of the Meiji government in Japan was to

a)

isolate Japan from other nations

b)

achieve political union with China

c)

establish Japan as an industrial power

d)

encourage colonization of Asia by Western nations

43.

The Meiji Restoration in Japan was characterized by a movement toward

a)

feudalism

b)

modernization

c)

isolationism

d)

socialism

44.

Which statement best describes events in Japan during the period of the Meiji Restoration?

a)

Japan sought to isolate itself from world affairs.

b)

Rapid industrialization and economic growth occurred.

c)

Local lords increased their power over the Japanese emperor.

d)

Agriculture was taken over by the government.

45.

Japan's increased foreign trade during the Meiji Restoration was closely related to its

a)

need to maintain a traditional society

b)

desire for a modern industrialized society

c)

colonization by Western nations

d)

encouragement of foreign investment

46.

What was a direct result of the Meiji Restoration in Japan?

a)

Japan became a modern industrial nation.

b)

The Tokugawa Shogunate seized control of the government.

c)

Russia signed a mutual trade agreement.

d)

Japan stayed politically isolated.

47.

Peter the Great is to Russia as Emperor Meiji is to

a)

Mongolia

b)

Japan

c)

India

d)

Korea

48.

Which change is associated with Meiji Japan?

a)

expansion of feudal political and social values

b)

modernization of the economy and government

c)

adoption of isolationist policies

d)

abandoning plans for an overseas empire

49.

Which area was once controlled by Britain, suffered a mass starvation in the 1840s, and became an independent Catholic nation in 1922?

a)

Scotland

b)

India

c)

Ghana

d)

Ireland

50.

The mass emigration of the Irish in the mid-19th century was primarily a result of

a)

mandatory military service

b)

famine

c)

civil war

d)

farm mechanization

51.

What was the main reason for the extensive Irish emigration to North America in the 1840s?

a)

mass starvation

b)

military draft

c)

civil war

d)

smallpox outbreak

52.

What was an immediate result of the mass starvation in Ireland in the late 1840s?

a)

expansion of the Green Revolution to Ireland

b)

acceptance of British rule by the Irish

c)

migration of many Irish to other counties

d)

creation of a mixed economy in Ireland

53.

Which event was an example of Asian reaction to European imperialism?

a)

Boxer Rebellion

b)

Glorious Revolution

c)

Boer War

d)

Congress of Berlin

54.

The results of the Opium war (1839 ñ 1842) indicate that China was

a)

still a major military power

b)

not strong enough to resist Western demands

c)

rapidly building a modern industrial economy

d)

accepting Western nations as equal trading partners

55.

How many continents are there in the world?

a)

7

b)

10

c)

5

d)

6

56.

Which continent includes the countries of Egypt, Madagascar, and Ghana?

a)

North America

b)

Africa

c)

South America

d)

Asia

57.

What continent is this?

a)

New York

b)

Antarctica

c)

Africa

d)

Africa

58.

What continent is this?

a)

North America

b)

Antarctica

c)

Australia

d)

Asia

59.

What continent is this?

a)

Asia

b)

North America

c)

South America

d)

Africa

60.

What continent is this?

a)

Europe

b)

Australia

c)

Africa

d)

South America

61.

What continent is this?

a)

South America

b)

Africa

c)

Antarctica

d)

Asia

62.

What continent is this?

a)

North America

b)

Australia

c)

South America

d)

Africa

63.
  • What is a large continuous mass of land conventionally regarded as a collective region.

a)

Providence

b)

Continent

c)

Country

d)

State

64.

Photographs, Video Recordings, and Audio Recordings are examples of:

a)

Primary Sources

b)

Secondary Sources

65.

Textbooks, Articles, and Dictionaries are examples of:

a)

Secondary Sources

b)

Primary Sources

66.

How many oceans are there in the world?

a)

3

b)

2

c)

1

d)

5

67.

An ________________ is a group of once separate areas ruled by a single person or government.

a)

Alliance

b)

Confederation

c)

Empire

d)

Union

68.

What is the The act of creating

an empire, by conquering the other state's lands

a)

Nationalism

b)

Militarism

c)

Alliances

d)

Imperialism

69.

What is diversity?

a)
  • differences in racial, ethnic, socioeconomic,and geography between people

b)

When a stronger country takes over a weaker country

c)

Love, Loyalty, and Devotion to one's nation

d)

When a single person conquers a large amount of territory

70.

What are the three steps in becoming an empire?

a)

Gain, Gain, and Gain

b)

Gain, Consolidate, Maintain

c)

Gain, Maintain, Alliance

d)

Consolidate, Maintain, Militarism

71.

What was an Absolute ruler of a Muslim Empire. The Ottoman Empire mainly used this type of leadership

a)

Queen

b)

King

c)

Monarch

d)

Sultan

72.

How many years make up a century?

a)

99 years

b)

100 years

c)

10 years

d)

20 years

73.

Which years make up the 20th Century?

a)

1601 - 1700

b)

1701 - 1800

c)

1901 - 2000

d)

1801 - 1900

74.

What was the Ottoman Empire?

a)
  • a Muslim empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.

b)
  • a Jewish empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.

c)
  • a Christian empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.

d)
  • a Hindu empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.

75.

What was the Mughal Empire?

a)

an African dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857

b)

a Jewish dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857

c)

a Muslim dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857

d)

a Christian dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857

76.
  • What system required conquered Christian communities to give their sons to the Ottoman government as a form of tax?

a)

Caste System

b)

Feudal System

c)

Devshirme System

d)

Social Class System

77.

What were millets?

a)

self-governing non-Muslim communities within the Mughal Empire that had the power to regulate their own communities.

b)

self-governing Muslim communities within the Ottoman Empire that had the power to regulate their own communities.

c)

Communities controlled by the Ottomans that didn't allow religious freedom

d)

self-governing non-Muslim communities within the Ottoman Empire that had the power to regulate their own communities.

78.
  • Who were the Janissaries?

a)

Peasants that were forced to become leaders in the Mughal Empire

b)
  • Soldier who was taken from his family at a young age and trained to fight for the sultan of the Ottoman Empire and serve him.

c)
  • Soldier who was taken from his family at a young age and trained to fight for the sultan of the Mughal Empire and serve him.

d)

Royal subjects of the King of England that were required to pay taxes

79.

True or False: The Ottoman Empire and The Mughal Empire were both Muslim Empires

a)

True

b)

False

80.

What was the religious revolution that challenged the Catholic Church that was led by Martin Luther?

a)

Renaissance

b)

Enlightenment

c)

The Protestant Reformation

d)

Scientific Revolution

81.

What was the Golden Age in Western Europe that consisted of achievements in the arts, literature, and science by intellectuals?

a)

The Classical Era

b)

World War II

c)

The Renaissance

d)

World War I

82.

What was a king or queen with total control over a country?

a)

absolute monarch

b)

limited monarch

c)

president

d)

scientist

83.

What is the belief that one’s authority to rule comes directly from God?

a)

religious approval

b)

The Enlightenment

c)

manifest destiny

d)

divine right

84.

What was the revolution when science and reason were used to explain how the world worked?

a)

Renaissance

b)

Scientific Revolution

c)

Enlightenment

d)

French Revolution

85.

Who is the astronomer who developed the Heliocentric Theory?

a)

John Locke

b)

Nicholas Copernicus

c)

Galileo Galilei

d)

Isaac Newton

86.

What was the theory that the planets revolved around the sun?

a)

gravity

b)

heliocentric theory

c)

social darwinism

d)

evolution

87.

Which astronomer proved Copernicus to be correct and placed on house arrest the remainder of his life?

a)

John Locke

b)

Montesquieu

c)

Isaac Newton

d)

Galileo Galilei

88.

Why was Isaac Newton important?

a)

He developed the theory of evolution

b)

He used mathematics to prove that gravity keeps planets revolving around the sun

c)

He created the heliocentric theory

d)

He agreed with the Catholic Church on all of their teachings

89.

What was the period of time in Western Europe when philosophers and writers applied the scientific idea of reason to answer political questions. It is also known as the Age of Reason.

a)

The Enlightenment

b)

The Scientific Revolution

c)

The Renaissance

d)

The Middle Ages

90.

What is the growth of cities called?

a)

manifest destiny

b)

natural rights

c)

literacy rate

d)

urbanization

91.

What did John Locke believe?

a)

Absolute monarchs are the only leaders that should lead

b)

Government should be based on the consent of the governed

c)

Government should be a separation of powers

d)

Society should be a social contract

92.

According to John Locke, what are the three natural rights that every person is entitled to at birth?

a)

Life, Friendship, Property

b)

Liberty, Liberty, Liberty, Liberty, Liberty

c)

Life, Laws, and Freedom

d)

Life, Liberty, and Property

93.

What was Locke's most famous writing?

a)

Candide

b)

The Spirit of Laws

c)

Two Treatises of Government

d)

The Social Contract

94.

What did Baron De Montesquieu believe?

a)

He believed all power should be put in one leader such as a king

b)

He believed in separation of power in the government

c)

He believed everyone had natural rights

d)

He believed in the social contract

95.

What are the three branches of government that were inspired by Montesquieu?

a)

Executive, Judicial, and Law Branch

b)

Executive, Legislative, and administrative branch

c)

Executive, President Branch, People Branch

d)

Executive, Legislative, and Judicial Branches

96.

What was the book written by Baron de Montesquieu that strengthened the Enlightenment movement?

a)

The Social Contract

b)

Candide

c)

The Spirit of Laws

d)

Two Treatises of Government

97.

Which Enlightenment philosopher created the social contract theory?

a)

Jean Jacques Rousseau

b)

Baron De Montesquieu

c)

John Locke

d)

Voltaire

98.

What was Jean-Jacques Rousseau's most famous writing?

a)

The Social Contract

b)

Two Treatises of Government

c)

The Spirit of Laws

d)

Candide

99.

Why was the Enlightenment philosopher Voltaire important?

a)

He believed in the Social Contract

b)

He believed in natural rights

c)

He believed in Freedom of Expression for everyone

d)

He believed in separation of powers

100.

How many continents are there in the world?

a)

7

b)

10

c)

5

d)

6

101.

Which continent includes the countries of Egypt, Madagascar, and Ghana?

a)

North America

b)

Africa

c)

South America

d)

Asia

102.

What continent is this?

a)

New York

b)

Antarctica

c)

Africa

d)

Africa

103.

What continent is this?

a)

North America

b)

Antarctica

c)

Australia

d)

Asia

104.

What continent is this?

a)

Asia

b)

North America

c)

South America

d)

Africa

105.

What continent is this?

a)

Europe

b)

Australia

c)

Africa

d)

South America

106.

What continent is this?

a)

South America

b)

Africa

c)

Antarctica

d)

Asia

107.

What continent is this?

a)

North America

b)

Australia

c)

South America

d)

Africa

108.
  • What is a large continuous mass of land conventionally regarded as a collective region.

a)

Providence

b)

Continent

c)

Country

d)

State

109.

Photographs, Video Recordings, and Audio Recordings are examples of:

a)

Primary Sources

b)

Secondary Sources

110.

Textbooks, Articles, and Dictionaries are examples of:

a)

Secondary Sources

b)

Primary Sources

111.

How many oceans are there in the world?

a)

3

b)

2

c)

1

d)

5

112.

An ________________ is a group of once separate areas ruled by a single person or government.

a)

Alliance

b)

Confederation

c)

Empire

d)

Union

113.

What is the The act of creating

an empire, by conquering the other state's lands

a)

Nationalism

b)

Militarism

c)

Alliances

d)

Imperialism

114.

What is diversity?

a)
  • differences in racial, ethnic, socioeconomic,and geography between people

b)

When a stronger country takes over a weaker country

c)

Love, Loyalty, and Devotion to one's nation

d)

When a single person conquers a large amount of territory

115.

What are the three steps in becoming an empire?

a)

Gain, Gain, and Gain

b)

Gain, Consolidate, Maintain

c)

Gain, Maintain, Alliance

d)

Consolidate, Maintain, Militarism

116.

What was an Absolute ruler of a Muslim Empire. The Ottoman Empire mainly used this type of leadership

a)

Queen

b)

King

c)

Monarch

d)

Sultan

117.

How many years make up a century?

a)

99 years

b)

100 years

c)

10 years

d)

20 years

118.

Which years make up the 20th Century?

a)

1601 - 1700

b)

1701 - 1800

c)

1901 - 2000

d)

1801 - 1900

119.

What was the Ottoman Empire?

a)
  • a Muslim empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.

b)
  • a Jewish empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.

c)
  • a Christian empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.

d)
  • a Hindu empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.

120.

What was the Mughal Empire?

a)

an African dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857

b)

a Jewish dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857

c)

a Muslim dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857

d)

a Christian dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857

121.
  • What system required conquered Christian communities to give their sons to the Ottoman government as a form of tax?

a)

Caste System

b)

Feudal System

c)

Devshirme System

d)

Social Class System

122.

What were millets?

a)

self-governing non-Muslim communities within the Mughal Empire that had the power to regulate their own communities.

b)

self-governing Muslim communities within the Ottoman Empire that had the power to regulate their own communities.

c)

Communities controlled by the Ottomans that didn't allow religious freedom

d)

self-governing non-Muslim communities within the Ottoman Empire that had the power to regulate their own communities.

123.
  • Who were the Janissaries?

a)

Peasants that were forced to become leaders in the Mughal Empire

b)
  • Soldier who was taken from his family at a young age and trained to fight for the sultan of the Ottoman Empire and serve him.

c)
  • Soldier who was taken from his family at a young age and trained to fight for the sultan of the Mughal Empire and serve him.

d)

Royal subjects of the King of England that were required to pay taxes

124.

True or False: The Ottoman Empire and The Mughal Empire were both Muslim Empires

a)

True

b)

False