WorksheetsMIDTERM RECAP - 1/17/24
Total questions: 124
Worksheet time: 2hrs 37mins
Why is the Enlightenment considered a turning point in world history?
The factory system was used to mass-produce goods.
Martin Luther broke away from the Roman Catholic Church.
Europeans changed their thinking about the role of government.
The Columbian exchange occurred.
Which period of history had the greatest influence on the Enlightenment ideas of natural law and reason?
Pax Romana
Middle Ages
Age of Exploration
Scientific Revolution
Many European monarchs of the 1600s maintained that they should have absolute power to rule because they
needed to defend their nations against threats from the Western Hemisphere
thought that all people should have the right to a good ruler
had been given their power to govern from God
thought that communism was the superior political system
Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in
changing the relationship between people and their government
supporting the divine right theory
debating the role of the Church in society
promoting increased powers for European monarchs
According to John Locke, the chief role of government was to
protect natural rights
fight territorial wars
ensure the wealth of citizens
redistribute land
European political thinkers who supported the Enlightenment believed that
religious tolerance is a dangerous concept
an absolute monarchy is the most effective government
governments should protect the rights of the people
civil liberties should be given as rewards for political loyalty.
Sir Isaac Newton, Galileo Galilei, and Johannes Kepler are all directly associated with the
Industrial Revolution
Scientific Revolution
English Revolution
Agricultural Revolution
One contribution that John Locke made to Enlightenment philosophy was the idea that
absolute monarchies should continue
the punishment should fit the crime
individual rights should be denied
governments should be based on the consent of the people
During the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, one similarity in the work of many scientists and philosophers was that they
relied heavily on the ideas of medieval thinkers
favored an absolute monarchy as a way of improving economic conditions
received support from the Catholic Church
examined natural laws governing the universe
"When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates [government officials], there can be no liberty; because apprehensions [fears] may arise, lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws to execute them in a tyrannical manner. . . . " - Baron de Montesquieu, Spirit of the Laws Which solution would Baron de Montesquieu offer to avoid the enactment of tyrannical laws?
granting freedom of speech
reinstating absolute monarchies
separating the branches of government
limiting natural laws
In Two Treatises of Government, John Locke wrote that the purpose of government was to
keep kings in power
regulate the economy
expand territory
protect natural rights
John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau would be most likely to support
a return to feudalism in Europe
a government ruled by a divine right monarchy
a society ruled by the Catholic Church
the right of citizens to decide the best form of government
In the 17th and 18th centuries, the theory of divine right was most often used to justify the
involvement of the peasants in making political decisions
introduction of free trade policies
supreme power of the Catholic Church
establishment of an absolute monarchy
Which group expressed the most organized opposition to the scientific method during the 16th and 17th centuries?
clergy
merchants
peasants
political leaders
Locke's Two Treatises of Government, Rousseau's The Social Contract, and Montesquieu's The Spirit of the Laws were works written during which time period?
Middle Ages
Renaissance
Enlightenment
Reformation
The heliocentric model, the development of inductive reasoning, and the work of Descartes are all associated with which revolution?
Neolithic
Agricultural
Green
Scientific
Philosophers of the Enlightenment period believed that society could best be improved by
relying on faith and divine right
borrowing ideas from ancient Greece and Rome
applying reason and the laws of nature
studying the practices of successful leaders
Which statement best describes the effects of the works of Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Sir Isaac Newton, and René Descartes?
The acceptance of traditional authority was strengthened.
The scientific method was used to solve problems.
Funding to education was increased by the English government.
Interest in Greek and Roman drama was renewed.
The writers and philosophers of the Enlightenment believed that government decisions should be based on
fundamental religious beliefs
the concept of divine right of kings
laws of nature and reason
traditional values
Which was most highly valued by European intellectuals of the Age of Enlightenment?
obedience to traditional ways
loyalty to one's nation
progress through the use of reason
strengthening of religious institutions
The French people supported Napoleon Bonaparte because they hoped he would
adopt the ideas of the Protestant Reformation
restore Louis XVI to power
provide stability for the nation
end British control of France
A major goal of the Congress of Vienna was to
establish democratic governments in all European nations
maintain a balance of power in Europe
return Napoleon Bonaparte to power
create independent governments for Austria and Hungary
One of the main purposes of the Congress of Vienna (1814–1815) was to
promote the unification of Italy
preserve the German territories gained by Otto von Bismarck
restore the power of the Holy Roman Empire
establish a balance of power in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon
Which factors helped cause the defeat of Napoleon during his invasion of Russia?
the severe winters and large size of Russia
the many rivers and mountains of Russia
the coalition between the Russian czar and the democratic leaders
the well-trained and well-supplied Russian army
At the Congress of Vienna (1815), the governments of Europe reacted to the French Revolution and the rule of Napoleon by attempting to
restore old regimes to power
spread the idea of democracy
encourage nationalist movements
promote the European free-trade zone
One major effect of Napoleon's rule of France was that it led to
an increase in the power of the Roman Catholic Church
massive emigration to the Americas
trade agreements with Great Britain
a restoration of political stability
In France, which was a major result of the French Revolution?
The King was restored to unlimited power.
The clergy dominated government.
The middle class gained political influence.
The tax burden was carried by the lower classes.
A study of revolutions would most likely lead to the conclusion that prerevolutionary governments
are more concerned about human rights than the governments that replace them are
refuse to modernize their armed forces with advanced technology
attempt to bring about the separation of government from religion
fail to meet the political and economic needs of their people
The French bourgeoisie supported the French Revolution mainly because they
believed in the theory of the divine right of kings
were not allowed to own property under the Old Regime
resented their lack of political power under the Old Regime
wanted a communist form of government
Which statement is a valid generalization about the immediate results of the French Revolution of 1789?
The Roman Catholic Church increased its power and wealth.
The Revolution achieved its goal of establishing peace, democracy, and justice for all.
The Revolution had little impact outside France.
The French middle class gained more power.
Revolutions have most often occurred in nations in which
the majority of the people are economically prosperous
social mobility is encouraged
citizens can participate in the political process
social, political, or economic dissatisfaction exists
A primary cause of the French Revolution in 1789 was the
increasing dissatisfaction of the Third Estate
rise to power of Napoleon Bonaparte
actions of Prince Metternich
execution of Louis XIV
Which historical development showed the desire of a group to gain independence from a colonial power?
rise of the Nazi Party in Germany
Solidarity movement in Poland
Tiananmen Square uprising in China
Sepoy Mutiny in India
One result of the Opium War was that China
adopted democratic reforms
gained control of Hong Kong
regained control of Manchuria
was divided into spheres of influence
What was a direct result of the Opium War in 19th-century China?
Japan gained control of Hong Kong.
Kublai Khan rose to power in China.
Chinese ports were opened for trade with European powers.
Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) fled to Taiwan.
Which events formed the basis for the ideas expressed in this early 1900's passage?
Opium War and Boxer Rebellion
Mau Mau uprising and adoption of apartheid
Sepoy Mutiny and the Salt March
Haitian Revolution and Cortes' march on Mexico City
The arrival of Commodore Matthew Perry in Japan in 1853 signaled the end of Japanese
cultural contacts with the West
policies of isolationism
militarism in Southeast Asia
trade relations with the United States
An immediate result of Commodore Matthew Perry's visit to Japan in 1853 was
an alliance between Japan and Russia
the development of trade between Japan and the West
a war between Japan and the United States
the continued isolation of Japan
One immediate outcome of Admiral Perry's visit to Japan in the mid-19th century was that Japan
increased exports of its agricultural surpluses
recognized its need for Western technology
needed a market for its many industrial products
desired to send some of its population to settle in Western nations
In Japan, which change occurred during the Meiji Restoration?
Industrialization increased.
Emphasis on education decreased.
The power of the shogun increased.
The armed forces were disbanded.
In an attempt to modernize Japan during the late 1800s, the leaders of the Meiji government decided to
study Western institutions and technology
maintain a policy of isolationism
establish close relations with China
end the political power of the Buddhists
A major goal of the Meiji government in Japan was to
isolate Japan from other nations
achieve political union with China
establish Japan as an industrial power
encourage colonization of Asia by Western nations
The Meiji Restoration in Japan was characterized by a movement toward
feudalism
modernization
isolationism
socialism
Which statement best describes events in Japan during the period of the Meiji Restoration?
Japan sought to isolate itself from world affairs.
Rapid industrialization and economic growth occurred.
Local lords increased their power over the Japanese emperor.
Agriculture was taken over by the government.
Japan's increased foreign trade during the Meiji Restoration was closely related to its
need to maintain a traditional society
desire for a modern industrialized society
colonization by Western nations
encouragement of foreign investment
What was a direct result of the Meiji Restoration in Japan?
Japan became a modern industrial nation.
The Tokugawa Shogunate seized control of the government.
Russia signed a mutual trade agreement.
Japan stayed politically isolated.
Peter the Great is to Russia as Emperor Meiji is to
Mongolia
Japan
India
Korea
Which change is associated with Meiji Japan?
expansion of feudal political and social values
modernization of the economy and government
adoption of isolationist policies
abandoning plans for an overseas empire
Which area was once controlled by Britain, suffered a mass starvation in the 1840s, and became an independent Catholic nation in 1922?
Scotland
India
Ghana
Ireland
The mass emigration of the Irish in the mid-19th century was primarily a result of
mandatory military service
famine
civil war
farm mechanization
What was the main reason for the extensive Irish emigration to North America in the 1840s?
mass starvation
military draft
civil war
smallpox outbreak
What was an immediate result of the mass starvation in Ireland in the late 1840s?
expansion of the Green Revolution to Ireland
acceptance of British rule by the Irish
migration of many Irish to other counties
creation of a mixed economy in Ireland
Which event was an example of Asian reaction to European imperialism?
Boxer Rebellion
Glorious Revolution
Boer War
Congress of Berlin
The results of the Opium war (1839 ñ 1842) indicate that China was
still a major military power
not strong enough to resist Western demands
rapidly building a modern industrial economy
accepting Western nations as equal trading partners
How many continents are there in the world?
7
10
5
6
Which continent includes the countries of Egypt, Madagascar, and Ghana?
North America
Africa
South America
Asia
What continent is this?
New York
Antarctica
Africa
Africa
What continent is this?
North America
Antarctica
Australia
Asia
What continent is this?
Asia
North America
South America
Africa
What continent is this?
Europe
Australia
Africa
South America
What continent is this?
South America
Africa
Antarctica
Asia
What continent is this?
North America
Australia
South America
Africa
What is a large continuous mass of land conventionally regarded as a collective region.
Providence
Continent
Country
State
Photographs, Video Recordings, and Audio Recordings are examples of:
Primary Sources
Secondary Sources
Textbooks, Articles, and Dictionaries are examples of:
Secondary Sources
Primary Sources
How many oceans are there in the world?
3
2
1
5
An ________________ is a group of once separate areas ruled by a single person or government.
Alliance
Confederation
Empire
Union
What is the The act of creating
an empire, by conquering the other state's lands
Nationalism
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
What is diversity?
differences in racial, ethnic, socioeconomic,and geography between people
When a stronger country takes over a weaker country
Love, Loyalty, and Devotion to one's nation
When a single person conquers a large amount of territory
What are the three steps in becoming an empire?
Gain, Gain, and Gain
Gain, Consolidate, Maintain
Gain, Maintain, Alliance
Consolidate, Maintain, Militarism
What was an Absolute ruler of a Muslim Empire. The Ottoman Empire mainly used this type of leadership
Queen
King
Monarch
Sultan
How many years make up a century?
99 years
100 years
10 years
20 years
Which years make up the 20th Century?
1601 - 1700
1701 - 1800
1901 - 2000
1801 - 1900
What was the Ottoman Empire?
a Muslim empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.
a Jewish empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.
a Christian empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.
a Hindu empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.
What was the Mughal Empire?
an African dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857
a Jewish dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857
a Muslim dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857
a Christian dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857
What system required conquered Christian communities to give their sons to the Ottoman government as a form of tax?
Caste System
Feudal System
Devshirme System
Social Class System
What were millets?
self-governing non-Muslim communities within the Mughal Empire that had the power to regulate their own communities.
self-governing Muslim communities within the Ottoman Empire that had the power to regulate their own communities.
Communities controlled by the Ottomans that didn't allow religious freedom
self-governing non-Muslim communities within the Ottoman Empire that had the power to regulate their own communities.
Who were the Janissaries?
Peasants that were forced to become leaders in the Mughal Empire
Soldier who was taken from his family at a young age and trained to fight for the sultan of the Ottoman Empire and serve him.
Soldier who was taken from his family at a young age and trained to fight for the sultan of the Mughal Empire and serve him.
Royal subjects of the King of England that were required to pay taxes
True or False: The Ottoman Empire and The Mughal Empire were both Muslim Empires
True
False
What was the religious revolution that challenged the Catholic Church that was led by Martin Luther?
Renaissance
Enlightenment
The Protestant Reformation
Scientific Revolution
What was the Golden Age in Western Europe that consisted of achievements in the arts, literature, and science by intellectuals?
The Classical Era
World War II
The Renaissance
World War I
What was a king or queen with total control over a country?
absolute monarch
limited monarch
president
scientist
What is the belief that one’s authority to rule comes directly from God?
religious approval
The Enlightenment
manifest destiny
divine right
What was the revolution when science and reason were used to explain how the world worked?
Renaissance
Scientific Revolution
Enlightenment
French Revolution
Who is the astronomer who developed the Heliocentric Theory?
John Locke
Nicholas Copernicus
Galileo Galilei
Isaac Newton
What was the theory that the planets revolved around the sun?
gravity
heliocentric theory
social darwinism
evolution
Which astronomer proved Copernicus to be correct and placed on house arrest the remainder of his life?
John Locke
Montesquieu
Isaac Newton
Galileo Galilei
Why was Isaac Newton important?
He developed the theory of evolution
He used mathematics to prove that gravity keeps planets revolving around the sun
He created the heliocentric theory
He agreed with the Catholic Church on all of their teachings
What was the period of time in Western Europe when philosophers and writers applied the scientific idea of reason to answer political questions. It is also known as the Age of Reason.
The Enlightenment
The Scientific Revolution
The Renaissance
The Middle Ages
What is the growth of cities called?
manifest destiny
natural rights
literacy rate
urbanization
What did John Locke believe?
Absolute monarchs are the only leaders that should lead
Government should be based on the consent of the governed
Government should be a separation of powers
Society should be a social contract
According to John Locke, what are the three natural rights that every person is entitled to at birth?
Life, Friendship, Property
Liberty, Liberty, Liberty, Liberty, Liberty
Life, Laws, and Freedom
Life, Liberty, and Property
What was Locke's most famous writing?
Candide
The Spirit of Laws
Two Treatises of Government
The Social Contract
What did Baron De Montesquieu believe?
He believed all power should be put in one leader such as a king
He believed in separation of power in the government
He believed everyone had natural rights
He believed in the social contract
What are the three branches of government that were inspired by Montesquieu?
Executive, Judicial, and Law Branch
Executive, Legislative, and administrative branch
Executive, President Branch, People Branch
Executive, Legislative, and Judicial Branches
What was the book written by Baron de Montesquieu that strengthened the Enlightenment movement?
The Social Contract
Candide
The Spirit of Laws
Two Treatises of Government
Which Enlightenment philosopher created the social contract theory?
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Baron De Montesquieu
John Locke
Voltaire
What was Jean-Jacques Rousseau's most famous writing?
The Social Contract
Two Treatises of Government
The Spirit of Laws
Candide
Why was the Enlightenment philosopher Voltaire important?
He believed in the Social Contract
He believed in natural rights
He believed in Freedom of Expression for everyone
He believed in separation of powers
How many continents are there in the world?
7
10
5
6
Which continent includes the countries of Egypt, Madagascar, and Ghana?
North America
Africa
South America
Asia
What continent is this?
New York
Antarctica
Africa
Africa
What continent is this?
North America
Antarctica
Australia
Asia
What continent is this?
Asia
North America
South America
Africa
What continent is this?
Europe
Australia
Africa
South America
What continent is this?
South America
Africa
Antarctica
Asia
What continent is this?
North America
Australia
South America
Africa
What is a large continuous mass of land conventionally regarded as a collective region.
Providence
Continent
Country
State
Photographs, Video Recordings, and Audio Recordings are examples of:
Primary Sources
Secondary Sources
Textbooks, Articles, and Dictionaries are examples of:
Secondary Sources
Primary Sources
How many oceans are there in the world?
3
2
1
5
An ________________ is a group of once separate areas ruled by a single person or government.
Alliance
Confederation
Empire
Union
What is the The act of creating
an empire, by conquering the other state's lands
Nationalism
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
What is diversity?
differences in racial, ethnic, socioeconomic,and geography between people
When a stronger country takes over a weaker country
Love, Loyalty, and Devotion to one's nation
When a single person conquers a large amount of territory
What are the three steps in becoming an empire?
Gain, Gain, and Gain
Gain, Consolidate, Maintain
Gain, Maintain, Alliance
Consolidate, Maintain, Militarism
What was an Absolute ruler of a Muslim Empire. The Ottoman Empire mainly used this type of leadership
Queen
King
Monarch
Sultan
How many years make up a century?
99 years
100 years
10 years
20 years
Which years make up the 20th Century?
1601 - 1700
1701 - 1800
1901 - 2000
1801 - 1900
What was the Ottoman Empire?
a Muslim empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.
a Jewish empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.
a Christian empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.
a Hindu empire that ruled over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe from 1299 to 1922.
What was the Mughal Empire?
an African dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857
a Jewish dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857
a Muslim dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857
a Christian dynasty that ruled parts of modern-day India and Pakistan from 1526 to 1857
What system required conquered Christian communities to give their sons to the Ottoman government as a form of tax?
Caste System
Feudal System
Devshirme System
Social Class System
What were millets?
self-governing non-Muslim communities within the Mughal Empire that had the power to regulate their own communities.
self-governing Muslim communities within the Ottoman Empire that had the power to regulate their own communities.
Communities controlled by the Ottomans that didn't allow religious freedom
self-governing non-Muslim communities within the Ottoman Empire that had the power to regulate their own communities.
Who were the Janissaries?
Peasants that were forced to become leaders in the Mughal Empire
Soldier who was taken from his family at a young age and trained to fight for the sultan of the Ottoman Empire and serve him.
Soldier who was taken from his family at a young age and trained to fight for the sultan of the Mughal Empire and serve him.
Royal subjects of the King of England that were required to pay taxes
True or False: The Ottoman Empire and The Mughal Empire were both Muslim Empires
True
False
