The progress of writing, compiling, and testing a small amount of code, then writing, compiling, and testing a small amount more (an incremental amount), and so on.

First step in the waterfall approach. Defines a program's goals.

A function input specified in a function definition.

A number with a fractional part, even if that fraction is 0.

Used to run a program's statements.

The second step in the waterfall approach of SDLC. Defines specifics of a program.

Text (characters) within double quotes.

A program performs computations on that data, such as adding two values like x + y.

Modeling language for software design that uses different types of diagrams to visualize the structure and behavior of programs.

A graphical language for creating computer programs.

A program can be built by doing small amounts of each SDLC phase in sequence, then repeating. What is this approach called?

A function may return one value and does so by assigning a return variable with the return value. What is this return variable known as?

Which concept supports decomposing a program into objects?

What is each element's location number in an array called?

What type of loop that repeatedly executes the loop body while the loop's expression evaluates to true?

Any function input values that appear within (), and are separated by commas if more than one.

Engineers have reduced switch sizes by half about every 2 years.

Can be a number, a variable name (numApples), or a simple calculation like (numApples + 1).

Dividing a nonzero floating-point number by zero.

American Standard Code for Information Interchange. Code that is the numerical representation of a character. Ex: Z would be stored in a computer as 01011010.

A list of statements, each statement carrying out some action and executing one at a time.

Statement that returns the specified value and immediately exits the function.

An invocation of a function's name, causing the function's statements to execute.

Any letter (a-z, A-Z), digit (0-9), or symbol (+, -, *, etc.).

A single 0 or 1.

A decision and its two branches. If the decision's expression is true then the first branch executes, ELSE the second branch executes.

A program construct that repeatedly executes the loop's statements (known as loop body).

Interaction between software components and order of events

Type that has just two values: true or false.

Used by programs to refer to data. It is a named item, used to hold a value.

A conversion of one data type to another, such as an integer to a float.

Checks whether two operands' values are the same (==) or different(!=).

A program written in a compiled language is first converted by a tool (compiler) into machine code, which can run on a particular machine. E.g., C, C++, and Java.

A program gets data, perhaps from a file, keyboard, touchscreen, network, etc.

Treats operands as being true or false, and evaluates to true or false.

A symbol that performs a built-in calculation, like the '+' which performs addition.

A word that is part of the language, like integer, Get or Put. These words cannot be used as an identifier.

Loop that first executes the loop body's statements, then checks the loop condition.

Refers to the decimal point being able to appear anywhere ('float') in the number. Ex: 9%, 0.0006.

Carrying out the SDLC phases in sequence.

Consists of the new function's name and block of statements.

A sequence of statements only executed under a certain condition.

Special value indicating the end of a list, such as a list of positive integers ending with 0 — function call.

UML diagrams used to design dynamic elements of a program — behavioral diagram.

A value provided to a function's parameter during a function call. — Characters.

Behavioral diagram used to visually model how a user interacts with a software program. — Type conversion.

UML diagrams used to design static elements of a program — structural diagram.

A named list of statement — function.

Sequence of steps that solves a program, generating correct output for any valid input values. — library.

A named value item that holds a value that cannot change. — Characters.

A name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or function. Must be a sequence of letters, underscores, and digits or start with a letter or underscore. They are case sensitive. — Identifier.

A process in which a programmer writes and tests a few statements, then writes and tests a small amount more. — compiled language.

Declares a new variable, specifying the variable's name and type. — variable declaration.

Capitalize each word except the first, as in numApples. — Lower camel case.

A flowchart of an activity (loop, function, etc.) within the program — activity diagram.

Describes a singular goal of one user and briefly outlines how they will accomplish the goal — Pseudocode.

Text that resembles a program in a real programming language but is simplified to aid human understanding is a while loop.

Variable type that can hold whole numbers is an integer.

Each item in an array is an index.

Occurs at runtime if a divisor is 0, causing a program to terminate is a divide by zero error.

19. Modulo operator evaluates to the remainder of the division of two integer operands. Ex: 23 % 10 is 3.

A floating point number checks how one operand's value relates to another. For example, x > y.

A special variable having one name, but storing a list of data items, with each item being directly accessible is an Array.

The difference threshold indicating that floating-point numbers are equal is an Expression.

A program puts that data somewhere, such as to a file, screen, network, etc. is an input.

A list of statements executed by invoking the function's name, with such invoking know as a function call is a Program.

Text a programmer adds to a program, to be read by humans (other programmers), but ignored by the program when executing, is called a comment.

An expression is evaluated using the order of standard mathematics, which is known as Precedence rules.

A language that is run one statement at a time by another program called an interpreter, such as Python, JavaScript, C#, is called a compiled language.

A set of style guidelines defined by a company, team, teacher, etc., for naming variables is called a floating-point number.

The process of dividing a program into separate modules that can be developed and tested separately and then integrated into a single program is known as Incremental development.

Analysis Phase, Design Phase, Implementation phase, testing phase are stages of the Systems development life cycle (SDLC).

A loop that appears in the body of another loop in Pseudocode is called a Nested loop.

The nested branches can take on various forms, and the if-else branches may even use different variables, which are called Nested branches.

A set of pre-written functions that carry out common tasks, that a programmer can use to improve productivity, is called a library.

Special two-character sequence \n whose appearance in an output string literal causes the cursor to move to the next output line is called newline.

The number of calculations required to solve a problem is a Floating-point literal.

Words for carrying out a program's statements are Run, execute.

Models the objects of a program is a class diagram.

The fourth step of the waterfall approach checks that the programs correctly meets the goals is Epsilon.

Indicates an unrepresentable or undefined value is a binary number.

A function is a built-in zyFlowchart function that takes two arguments, lowValue and highValue, and returns a random integer in the range lowValue to highValue. Ex: RandomNumber(1, 10) returns a random integer in the range 1 to 10 is a Return variable.

Assigns a variable with a value, such as x=5 is an assignment statement.

Each time through a loop's statement is an interpreter.

Using base two numbers, 0 and 1 is a function call.

Eight bits, Ex: 10001001 is a byte.