WorksheetsMotor Control, Exercise, Sports, and Dance Quiz
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 50mins
What is the neuromuscular system?
The system that controls the digestive system.
The system that includes all the muscles in the body and the nerves connecting them.
The system that coordinates the endocrine system.
The system that regulates the respiratory system.
What is motor control?
A bottom-up process of the nervous system that occurs before the actual movement is performed.
A process that involves only the sensory system.
A process that occurs after the movement is executed.
A process that does not involve the nervous system.
What is the aim of motor control?
To increase the cognitive demand during a skill or task.
To ignore the sensory information from proprioceptors, visual and vestibular systems.
To eliminate the need for sensory feedback during a skill or task.
To reduce the cognitive demand during a skill or task.
What is inter-limb coordination?
The movement of the upper limbs only.
The movement of only one limb at a time.
The independent movement of each limb without coordination.
The synchronized and rhythmic utilization of both sides of the body in movements.
Which theory of motor control emphasizes the physical and dynamic properties of the body?
Motor Program Theory
Reflex Theory
Dynamical Systems Theory
Hierarchical Theories
According to Adams Closed Loop Theory, what is the role of sensory feedback in skilled movement?
It is used for the ongoing production of skilled movement.
It is not needed for skilled movement.
It is used only for slow movements.
It is used only for rapid, ballistic movements.
What is the premise of Schmidt's Schema Theory?
Movement is controlled by stimulus-response.
Movement is controlled by recall memory with motor programs and parameters to carry out movement without peripheral feedback.
Movement emerges to control degrees of freedom.
Patterns of movements self-organize within the characteristics of environmental conditions and the existing body systems of the individual.
Based on Systems & Ecological Motor Control Theories, what does motor learning increase coordination between?
Perception and action through task & environmental constraints.
Perception and action through internal constraints.
Perception and action through external constraints.
Perception and action through cognitive constraints.
What is the process of motor learning?
The process of acquiring a skill without refinement.
The process of acquiring a skill without assimilation.
The process of acquiring a skill without practice.
The process of acquiring a skill by which the learner, through practice and assimilation, refines and makes automatic the desired movement.
According to the text, what is the aim of motor learning?
To improve the smoothness and accuracy of movements.
To avoid making any changes in the central nervous system.
To decrease the smoothness and accuracy of movements.
To eliminate the need for practice.
What is the main premise of Reflex Theory?
Movement is controlled by stimulus-response.
Movement emerges to control degrees of freedom.
Patterns of movements self-organize within the characteristics of environmental conditions and the existing body systems of the individual.
Functional synergies are developed naturally through practice and experience.
What is the main premise of Hierarchical Theories?
Patterns of movements self-organize within the characteristics of environmental conditions and the existing body systems of the individual.
Movement emerges to control degrees of freedom.
Movement is controlled by recall memory with motor programs and parameters to carry out movement without peripheral feedback.
Cortical centers control movement in a top-down manner throughout the nervous system.
What is the main premise of Motor Program Theory?
Adaptive, flexible motor programs exist to control actions that have common characteristics.
Functional synergies are developed naturally through practice and experience.
Movement is controlled by recall memory with motor programs and parameters to carry out movement without peripheral feedback.
Patterns of movements self-organize within the characteristics of environmental conditions and the existing body systems of the individual.
What is the main premise of Ecological Theories?
Functional synergies are developed naturally through practice and experience.
Movement is controlled by recall memory with motor programs and parameters to carry out movement without peripheral feedback.
Patterns of movements self-organize within the characteristics of environmental conditions and the existing body systems of the individual.
The person, the task, and the environment interact to influence motor behavior and learning.
What is the main premise of Systems Model?
Functional synergies are developed naturally through practice and experience.
Multiple body systems overlap to activate synergies for the production of movements that are organized around functional goals.
Movement is controlled by recall memory with motor programs and parameters to carry out movement without peripheral feedback.
Patterns of movements self-organize within the characteristics of environmental conditions and the existing body systems of the individual.
What is the main premise of Bernstein's Degrees of Freedom Problem?
Movement is controlled by stimulus-response.
Movement emerges to control degrees of freedom.
Movement is controlled by recall memory with motor programs and parameters to carry out movement without peripheral feedback.
Patterns of movements self-organize within the characteristics of environmental conditions and the existing body systems of the individual.
According to the text, what is the aim of motor control?
To increase the cognitive demand during a skill or task.
To ignore the sensory information from proprioceptors, visual and vestibular systems.
To eliminate the need for sensory feedback during a skill or task.
To reduce the cognitive demand during a skill or task.
What is the main premise of Systems & Ecological Motor Control Theories?
Perception and action through task & environmental constraints.
Perception and action through internal constraints.
Perception and action through external constraints.
Perception and action through cognitive constraints.
What is the role of sensory feedback in skilled movement according to Adams Closed Loop Theory?
It is used for the ongoing production of skilled movement.
It is not needed for skilled movement.
It is used only for slow movements.
It is used only for rapid, ballistic movements.
According to the text, what is the aim of motor learning?
To improve the smoothness and accuracy of movements.
To avoid making any changes in the central nervous system.
To decrease the smoothness and accuracy of movements.
To eliminate the need for practice.
What is the main premise of Bernstein's Degrees of Freedom Problem?
Movement is controlled by stimulus-response.
Movement emerges to control degrees of freedom.
Movement is controlled by recall memory with motor programs and parameters to carry out movement without peripheral feedback.
Patterns of movements self-organize within the characteristics of environmental conditions and the existing body systems of the individual.
Which of the following is NOT a prominent motor learning theory?
Schema Theory
Ecological Theory
Gestalt Theory
Classical Conditioning Theory
According to the Ecological Theory of motor learning, what is emphasized?
Internal processes and representations
The role of rewards and punishments
The interaction between the organism and the environment
Conditioning and reinforcement schedules
The Theory of Dynamic Systems suggests that motor behavior emerges from interactions between which components?
Reflexes and stimuli
Muscles and joints
Task, individual, and environment
Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
What does the Schema Theory propose?
Motor learning is primarily influenced by trial and error.
Generalized motor programs and recall schema guide movement.
Motor skills are learned through the reinforcement of desired responses.
Environmental factors shape motor behavior through conditioning.
In the context of motor learning, what does the term "motor program" refer to?
A set of muscle actions pre-programmed in the brain
A sequence of steps for completing a motor task
The feedback loop between the brain and muscles during movement
The process of conditioning the body to respond to specific stimuli
Which theory emphasizes the importance of perceptual information in motor learning?
Ecological Theory
Information Processing Theory
Schema Theory
Dynamic Systems Theory
Which theory proposes that motor behavior emerges from interactions between task, individual, and environment?
Dynamic Systems Theory
Information Processing Theory
Classical Conditioning Theory
Schema Theory
What does the Theory of Dynamic Systems emphasize?
The interaction between the individual and the environment
The role of generalized motor programs
The importance of conditioned responses
The dominance of internal representations
What is the primary focus of motor learning theories?
Understanding how muscles contract
Explaining how movement patterns are acquired and refined
Identifying the role of cognitive processes in motor behavior
Analyzing the impact of environmental factors on motor skills
A process associated with the coordinated contraction of muscles due to the transmission of impulses sent from the motor cortex to its motor units. It is “the process of initiating, directing, and grading purposeful voluntary movement”
Motor Movement
Motor Learning
Motor Control
NOTA
The aim is to reduce the cognitive demand during a skill or task i.e. learning to drive and talk at the same time.
Motor Movement
Motor Learning
Motor Control
NOTA
Is the ability to develop a relatively permanent change in motor skills from novice to skilled performance through practice or experience by engaging in activities that are currently beyond an individual’s capabilities.
Motor Movement
Motor Learning
Motor Control
NOTA
It is when complex processes in the brain occur in response to practice or experience of a skill resulting in changes in the central nervous system that allow for production of a new motor skill.
Motor Movement
Motor Learning
Motor Control
NOTA
Movement is controlled by stimulus-response.
Motor Program
Dynamical System
Heirarchical
Reflex
Adaptive, flexible motor programs (MPs) and generalized motor programs (GMPs) exist to control actions that have common characteristics.
Motor Program
Dynamical System
Heirarchical
Reflex
Patterns of movements self-organize within the
characteristics of environmental conditions and the existing body systems of the individual.
Motor Program
Dynamical System
Heirarchical
Reflex
Movement emerges to control degrees of freedom.
Motor Program
Dynamical System
Heirarchical
Reflex
Cortical center control movement in a top-down manner throughout the nervous system.
Motor Program
Dynamical System
Heirarchical
Reflex
Closed-loop Mode: Sensory feedback is needed and used to control the movement.
Motor Program
Dynamical System
Heirarchical
Reflex
Multiple body systems overlap to activate synergies for the production of movements that are organized around functional goals.
Motor Program
Reflex
Ecological
Systems
The person, the task, and the environment interact to influence motor behaviour and learning. The interaction of the person with any given environment provides perceptual information used to control movement.
Motor Program
Heirarchical
Systems
Ecological
The ability to develop a relatively permanent change in motor skills from novice to skilled performance through practice or experience by engaging in activities that are currently beyond an individual’s capabilities
Motor Movement
Motor Control
Motor Learning
NOTA
Retention tests are used following a delay in practice to determine if permanent learning has occurred.
Improvement
Consistency
Retention
NOTA
Retention tests are used following a delay in practice to determine if permanent learning has occurred.
Improvement
Consistency
Retention
NOTA
the individual is able to reliably produce the result
Improvement
Consistency
Retention
NOTA
measuring the skill i.e. archery score, more accurately hitting a target. There should be a decrease in errors.
Improvement
Consistency
Retention
NOTA
The ability to perform a similar movement, within a different context in which it was initially learnt is tested (transfer) i.e. changing the amount of force or surface, location etc
Improvement
Consistency
Retention
NOTA
These are the 3 stages of motor learning except for...
Cognitive
Associative
Autonomous
NOTA
Motor Stage
Cognitive
Associative
Autonomous
NOTA
