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Evolution Test

Total questions: 59

Worksheet time: 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What dinosaurs still live among us today?

a)

herbivores like Apatosaurus

b)

carnivores like Tyrannosaurus rex

c)

birds

d)

reptiles

2.

A human arm and a whale fin have similar bone structure but the whale fin is used for swimming and the arm is used for reaching and grabbing. What type of structures are these?

a)

Homologous structures

b)

Analogous structures

c)

Vestigial structures

d)

Fossil structures

3.

The similarities of bone structure in the diagram provide evidence of what?

a)

The organisms probably use there forelimbs for the same thing.

b)

The organisms evolved from a common ancestor.

c)

The organisms have the same DNA.

d)

All vertebrate species have identical forelimbs.

4.
Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?
a)
the wings of a red-tailed hawk
b)
the hind limbs of a house cat
c)
the fins of sharks
d)
the tailbone of a human
5.

Who is the most closely related?

a)

fist and bird

b)

bird and lizard

c)

rat and bird

6.
Evolution is a change in _________ over time.
a)
populations
b)
individuals
c)
ecosystems
d)
communities
7.

Which rock layer contains the newest fossils?

a)

F

b)

E

c)

B

d)

C

8.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
9.
Which of the following organisms the kingdom animalia are not closely related?
a)
mouse and hagfish
b)
mouse and lizard
c)
mouse and pigeon
d)
mouse and chimp
10.
Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development
a)
natural selection
b)
embryology
c)
speciation
d)
evolution
11.

Endosymbiotic Theory is the idea that ______ cells could have evolved from_____cells

a)

prokaryotic, eukaryotic

b)

eukaryotic, animal

c)

prokaryotic, plant

d)

eukaryotic, prokaryotic

12.

Prokaryotic cells do not have

a)

cell wall

b)

nucleus

c)

cytoplasm

d)

ribosomes

13.

How did one type of prokaryote get inside of another type of prokaryote

a)

Acts as a ligand

b)

One engulfed the other

c)

Fused in as a vesicle

d)

snuck in as a retrovirus

14.

Symbiosis means

a)

Feeding off of something

b)

Using something for its ATP

c)

Living in harmony

d)

Producing sugars

15.

Early bacteria that could make its own energy evolved into

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplast

c)

ATP

d)

ADP

16.

Early bacteria that could perform photosynthesis evolved into

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplast

c)

ATP

d)

ADP

17.

Eukaryotic cells can have

a)

Only chloroplast

b)

Only mitochondria

c)

both mitochondria and chloroplast

d)

neither chloroplast nor mitochondria

18.

Evidence for endosymbiosis includes

a)

Mitochondria and Chloroplast are the same color

b)

Mitochondria and Chloroplast are the same size

c)

Mitochondria and Chloroplast are the same structure

d)

Mitochondria and Chloroplast have the same pH

19.

Evidence for endosymbiosis includes

a)

Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own Lysosomes

b)

Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own vesicles

c)

Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own RNA

d)

Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own DNA

20.

Mitochondria and Chloroplast are similar to prokaryotic cells like bacteria in what way?

a)

They have the same lifespan

b)

They divide the same way

c)

They are the same color

d)

They have the same shape

21.

Mitochondria and Chloroplast are similar to prokaryotic cells like bacteria in what way?

a)

Their DNAs are copies of each other

b)

Their DNAs both have uracil

c)

Their DNAs are circular

d)

Their DNAs both have short lifespans

22.

Which of the following is one of the 3 domains?

a)

Animals

b)

Bacteria

c)

Prokaryote

d)

Fungi

23.

Which domain has organisms that live in harsh environments?

a)

Bacteria

b)

Archaea

c)

Both

24.

Where can you find DNA (genetic material) inside a prokaryote?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Free Floating

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

25.

Are archaea prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

a)

Prokaryotes

b)

Eukaryotes

26.
The formation of any fossil is a common event
a)
True
b)
False
27.
In layers of sedimentary rock, the _________ layer is usually at the bottom. Each higher layer is _________ than the layers below it.
a)
oldest, younger
b)
youngest, older
c)
youngest, younger
d)
oldest, older
28.

Fossils or organisms that demonstrate traits between an ancestral group and its descendants

a)

Intrusive species

b)

Transitional species

c)

Index fossil

d)

Trace fossil

29.

Which evidence show patterns of change in organisms from early life to modern life?

a)

homologous structures

b)

transitional fossils

c)

vestigial structures

d)

proteins

30.

Which species' DNA is most similar to the DNA of the toothed whale? 

a)
Hippopotamus 
b)
Baleen Whale
c)
Grazing Mammals
d)
Camels
31.

Mutations are important because they produce:

a)

death of the organism in which they develop.

b)

new traits that help natural selection occur.

c)

benefits for the individual, not for the population.

d)

Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population.

32.

Fossils form when dead organisms are:

a)

completely decomposed

b)

rapidly buried under sediments

c)

eaten by scavengers

d)

reincarnated

33.

When organisms are better adapted to their environment they will survive and reproduce more successfully than organisms less adapted. This process is called what?

a)

Selective breeding

b)

Natural Selection

c)

Cloning

d)

Evolution of all species

34.
Predict which moth would increase in population
a)
light 
b)
dark
35.

The whale shares a common ancestor with a:

a)

Sturgeon fish

b)

Pot belly pig

c)

Hippopottamus

d)

Camel

36.

Define pentadactyl.

a)

Five digits

b)

Four digits

c)

Both 1 and 2

d)

Two digits

37.

Cichlid fishes in lakes of the East African Rift. The lakes in this area are believed to support and sustain about 2,000 different species of these fish, each with different ecological and morphological characteristics such as body size. These lakes form a fragmented landscape that bio-geographically isolates the different species of cichlid fish from one another, allowing them, and many of the organisms they live with, to evolve separately.

a)

Phyletic Speciation

b)

Adaptive Radiation

c)

Convergent Evoltion

d)

Divergent Evoltuion

e)

Co-evolution

38.

Process in which organisms diversify rapidly into a multitude of new forms, particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available, creates new challenges, or opens new environmental niches

a)

Adaptive Radiation

b)

Geographical Isolation

c)

Diversification through domination

d)

Recessive Isolation

39.

Scientists are studying a particular protein found in blood cells. Based on this, which animals are most closely related?

Dog: ARG - LYS - HIS - TYR

Rabbit: ARG - LYS - TYR - TYR

Elk: ARG - PRO - TYR - ARG

a)

Dog & Rabbit

b)

Rabbit & Elk

c)

Dog & Elk

40.
According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Ray finned fish
c)
Crocodiles
d)
Birds
41.

What are tusks?

a)

Long teeth that help elephants dig and fight

b)

Long teeth that help elephants eat other animals

c)

Long teeth that don't help elephants at all

42.

What is tusklessness?

a)

When an elephant has its tusks taken away

b)

When an elephant is born without tusks

c)

When an elephant has tusks

d)

When an elephant dies

43.

What does survival of the fittest mean?

a)

Animals with the most muscle live

b)

Animals that live in groups live

c)

Animals that are fit for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce

d)

Animals that workout are more likely to survive and reproduce

44.

Why did the percentage of elephants that were tuskless increase over time?

a)

More elephants decided to be tuskless

b)

The tuskless elephants were able to reproduce and pass the trait down

c)

More elephants had their tusks fall off

d)

The tuskless elephants all died

45.

Why is being tuskless an advantage?

a)

Elephants don't need their tusks so it doesn't matter

b)

There is no advantage to being tuskless

c)

Elephants don't have to worry about brushing their teeth

d)

Elephants won't be targeted by human poachers because they don't have ivory (tusks)

46.

Why is being tuskless a disadvantage?

a)

Elephants don't need their tusks so there is no disadvantage

b)

Elephants won't be able to protect themselves without them

c)

Elephants won't look cool without tusks

d)

Elephants have to clean their tusks

47.

Why did the percentage of elephants that were tuskless increase over time during the civil war in Uganda?

a)

More elephants decided to remove their own tusks

b)

The tuskless elephants were able to reproduce and pass the trait down

c)

More elephants had their tusks fall off as they aged

d)

The tuskless elephants all died at this time

48.

Where else have high levels of tusklessness been observed?

a)

Gorilla habitats

b)

Bird sanctuaries

c)

Lion populations

d)

Other heavily poached areas

49.

What is the BEST explanation for why males are not born without tusks?

a)

Tusks are necessary for battling with other males in African Elephants.

b)

The tuskless gene is a dominant gene located on the X-chromosome. The gene is lethal if an organism only gets one copy as males do.

c)

The tuskless gene is only expressed in the presence of estrogen.

d)

They have adapted to producing tusks even though they don't have the gene.

50.
Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.
a)

Evolution

b)

Natural Selection

c)

Extinction

d)

Artifical Selection

51.
These moths are all the same species. The differences between their wings is an example of ________________
a)

Natural Selection

b)

Variation

c)

Homeostasis

d)

Extinction

52.

Changes in genetic material are called _____________

a)

Mutations

b)

RNA

c)

Genes

53.

Birds are eating all the green beetles. Because the brown beetles are surviving they reproduce more and make more brown beetles. This is called ___________

a)

Artificial Selection

b)

The Theory on the Origin of Species

c)

Natural Selection

d)

Mutation

54.

When we examine this whale fossil, we can see that the whale has a pelvic bone that doesn't seem to be used by the whale. What do scientists infer?

a)

The whale had an ancestor with legs

b)

The whale must use the pelvis for an unknown reason

c)

The whale was born with an extra bone and has a disorder

d)

The whale had an ancestor with wings

55.
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment 
a)
diversity.
b)
evolution
c)
adaptation
d)
 fitness
56.

Which of the following is the correct way to summarize natural selection?

a)

overproduction, competition, variations, fitness, survive and reproduce

b)

overproduction, variations, competition, fitness, survive and reproduce

c)

competition, fitness, survive and reproduce

d)

variations, competition, fitness, survive and reproduce

57.
An example of a homologous structure 
a)
human arm and bird wing
b)
rat appendix  and human appendix
c)
wing of butterfly and bird wing
58.
An example of an analogous structure includes:
a)
wing of a butterfly and bird wing
b)
bird wing and human arm
c)
rat appendix and human appendix
59.
  Notice the similarities of a shark and dolphin.  If these similarities developed by  common life experiences and not by common ancestry, which of the following vocabulary words would best describe them?
a)
a.  Vestigial Organ
b)
  b.  Embryological Similarities
c)
c.  Homologous Structures
d)
d.  Analogous Structures