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Study Guide 8th 3.14.2024

Total questions: 121

Worksheet time: 2hrs 44mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the formula to calculate work done when a force is applied to an object to move it a certain distance?

a)

W=F+dW = F + d

b)

W=F×dW = F \times d

c)

W=FdW = \frac{F}{d}

d)

W=F−dW = F - d

2.

Which of the following is the correct unit for measuring work?

a)

Joule

b)

Newton

c)

Watt

d)

Pascal

3.

What type of energy does an object have due to its motion?

a)

Chemical Energy

b)

Kinetic Energy

c)

Potential Energy

d)

Thermal Energy

4.

The formula for kinetic energy is given by:

a)

KE=12mv2KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2

b)

KE=mv2KE = mv^2

c)

KE=mghKE = mgh

d)

KE=mv22KE = \frac{mv^2}{2}

5.

Potential energy that is associated with an object's height is known as:

a)

Elastic Potential Energy

b)

Chemical Potential Energy

c)

Gravitational Potential Energy

d)

Nuclear Potential Energy

6.

The principle of conservation of mechanical energy states that if only conservative forces are acting, the total mechanical energy of a system:

a)

Decreases over time

b)

Increases over time

c)

Remains constant

d)

Can neither be created nor destroyed

7.

Heat transfer that occurs through the movement of fluids (liquids and gases) is called:

a)

Conduction

b)

Convection

c)

Radiation

d)

Insulation

8.

Which temperature scale does not use degrees?

a)

Celsius

b)

Fahrenheit

c)

Kelvin

d)

Rankine

9.

What is the boiling point of water on the Celsius scale?

a)

0°C

b)

100°C

c)

212°C

d)

32°C

10.

Which of the following is a form of energy transfer that does not require a medium?

a)

Conduction

b)

Convection

c)

Radiation

d)

Convection and Conduction

11.

What is the formula for calculating gravitational potential energy?

a)

PE=mghPE = mgh

b)

PE=12mv2PE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2

c)

PE=mgPE = mg

d)

PE=gh2PE = \frac{gh}{2}

12.

Which of the following best describes the zeroth law of thermodynamics?

a)

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.

b)

The entropy of the universe always increases.

c)

If two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

d)

The total energy of an isolated system is constant.

13.

What is the freezing point of water on the Fahrenheit scale?

a)

0°F

b)

32°F

c)

100°F

d)

212°F

14.

Which of the following is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system?

a)

Heat

b)

Temperature

c)

Thermal energy

d)

Internal energy

15.

In which direction does heat flow naturally?

a)

From an object at a lower temperature to an object at a higher temperature

b)

From an object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower temperature

c)

Between objects at the same temperature

d)

Heat does not flow

16.
Forces change the speed, direction or shape by ____________________-
a)
pushing or pulling
b)
shoving
c)
rolling
d)
jumping
17.
A force that stops or slows down objects by (example: rubbing)
a)
applied force
b)
frictional force
c)
electrical force
18.
Work is done when a force causes an object to ...
a)
move
b)
stay still
c)
slow down
19.
energy of position
a)
potential energy
b)
kinetic energy
20.
Energy of motion
a)
kinetic energy
b)
potential energy
21.
A ball rolling down the hill is an example of ___ energy.
a)
kinetic
b)
potential
22.
A rooster sitting atop a fence has ___ energy.
a)
kinetic
b)
potential
23.
How many laws of motion are there?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
100
24.
True or false:  At the peak of the lift hill, a rollercoaster car has more potential energy than any other form of energy.
a)
True
b)
False
25.
A greater applied force is required to move an object with a greater mass than one with a smaller mass.
a)
True
b)
False
26.
According to Newton’s first law of motion, a moving object that is not acted on by an unbalanced force will
a)
remain in motion.
b)
eventually come to a stop.
c)
change its momentum.
d)
accelerate.
27.
The gravitational force of any object near Earth's surface is ____.
a)
unknown
b)
friction
c)
Newton's first law
d)
9.8 m/s2
28.
When the net force is zero, the forces on an object are balanced. True or false.
a)
true
b)
false
29.
What must occur to a shopping cart at rest in order to make it roll forward?
a)
A force must be provided to overcome gravity.
b)
Balanced forces must be acting on the cart.
c)
An unbalanced force applied to the cart pushing or pulling it forward.
d)
The unbalanced force acting upon it must be smaller than that of friction.
30.
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
a)
Newton's 1st Law
b)
Newton's 2nd Law
c)
Newton's 3rd Law
d)
None of them
31.
Two students are in a baseball game. The first student hits a ball very hard and it has a greater acceleration than the second student who bunts the ball lightly.
a)
Newton's 1st Law
b)
Newton's 2nd Law
c)
Newton's 3rd Law
d)
None of them
32.
A rocket is sent into space.  When the power dies out, the rocket will just keep floating and moving in space forever (unless an unbalanced force, such as a meteor, runs into it).
a)
Newton's 1st Law
b)
Newton's 2nd Law
c)
Newton's 3rd Law
d)
None of them
33.
What is the unit used to measure force? 
a)
Pounds 
b)
Grams 
c)
Newtons 
d)
kg/ m2
34.
How much work is done by a motor that lifts a train car on El Toro to the top of a 70-meter hill using a force of 15,000 N?
a)
1,000,000 J
b)
214.29 J
c)
1,050,000 J
d)
105,000 J
35.
When plants convert the sun's energy into food, which type of energy is it?
a)
kinetic
b)
chemical
c)
thermal
d)
radiant
36.
What type of force is shown in the picture above?
a)
Magnetic
b)
Gravitational
c)
Applied
d)
Normal
37.
Which of the following is a unit of energy?
a)
Kilowatts
b)
Grams
c)
Meters per Second
d)
Joules
38.
When a pendulum swings, at which point is kinetic energy highest?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
39.
Which point has the most potential energy?
a)
G
b)
f
c)
b
d)
a
40.
Which 2 letters have the most kinetic energy
a)
W & Y
b)
X & Z
41.
At which point is potential energy greatest?
a)
W
b)
X
c)
Y
d)
Z
42.
At which point is kinetic energy greatest?
a)
W
b)
X
c)
Y
d)
Z
43.
What kind of energy is in basketball passing through the hoop?
a)
Potential
b)
Kinetic
44.
What kind of energy is in a waving hand?
a)
Potential
b)
Kinetic
45.
What energy is pulling an arrow back 
a)
kinetic energy
b)
potential energy
46.
A rubber band has been pulled backward but hasn’t been let go yet.
a)
Potential
b)
Kinetic
47.
A basketball is being held in the hands of a player.
a)
Potential
b)
Kinetic
48.
Girl serving a volleyball
a)
Potential
b)
Kinetic
49.
What kind of energy is in a moving skateboard?
a)
Potential
b)
Kinetic
50.
__________ is stored energy. 
a)
Potential
b)
Kinetic
c)
None of the above 
d)
All of the above 
51.
Energy due to motion is ____________ energy. 
a)
Potential 
b)
Energy
c)
Kinetic
d)
Friction
52.
When a pendulum swings, at which point is potential energy at its greatest?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
53.
Energy due to motion is ____________ energy. 
a)
Potential 
b)
Energy
c)
Kinetic
d)
Friction
54.
Which diagram best represents potential energy?
a)
A
b)
B
55.
Which diagram best illustrates kinetic energy?
a)
A
b)
B
56.
What kind of energy is in a rock at the edge of a cliff?
a)
Potential
b)
Kinetic
57.
Which is the best example that something has kinetic energy?
a)
a. a car parked on a steep hill 
b)
b. a tennis ball rolling across the court
c)
c. a picture hanging on the wall 
d)
d. a piece of coal before it's burned 
58.
How much potential energy is at the top of a hill on a rollar coaster ride
a)
100%
b)
50%
c)
0%
d)
20%
59.

The diagram below shows the path of a ball bouncing on the ground. Four locations in the path are identified with numbers.


At which location does the ball have the greatest amount of kinetic energy?

a)

point 1

b)

point 2

c)

point 3

d)

point 4

60.

Energy is never created nor destroyed....

a)

true

b)

false

61.
What kind of energy is in a battery?
a)
Potential
b)
Kinetic
62.
Energy can be _____________ or changed from one type to another.
a)
destroyed
b)
transferred
c)
created
d)
ignored
63.
Energy can not be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another.
a)
true
b)
false
64.
What type of energy is in this picture?
a)
Kinetic
b)
Potential
c)
Chemical
d)
Sound
65.

What best describes potential energy?

a)

Stored energy

b)

Energy in motion

66.

What best describes kinetic energy?

a)

Stored energy

b)

Energy in motion

67.
The faster an object moves, the ________ kinetic energy it has. 
a)
more
b)
less
c)
none of the above
d)
all of the above 
68.
Gravitational potential energy depends on the ________ and ________ of the object. 
a)
Height and mass
b)
Friction and movement
c)
Mass and Movement
d)
Height and Friction 
69.
Which would be greater at Position 1?
a)
Potential Energy
b)
Kinetic Energy
70.
Which would be greater at Position 2?
a)
Potential Energy
b)
Kinetic Energy
71.

Kinetic energy depends on

a)

mass and height

b)

height and speed

c)

mass and speed

d)

mass and force

72.

Potential energy depends on

a)

mass and height

b)

height and speed

c)

mass and speed

d)

height and force

73.

Energy and work are measured in

a)

kilograms

b)

meters

c)

Joules

d)

m/s

74.
Energy due to motion is ____________ energy. 
a)
Potential 
b)
Energy
c)
Kinetic
d)
Friction
75.
The faster an object moves, the ________ kinetic energy it has. 
a)
more
b)
less
c)
none of the above
d)
all of the above 
76.

When you put on the brakes of a bicycle, friction causes some of the mechanical energy to transfer to thermal energy.

a)

True

b)

False

77.

According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can be created or destroyed.

a)

True

b)

False

78.

In every energy transformation, some energy is always “lost” as ____ energy.

a)

Chemical

b)

Radiant

c)

Electrical

d)

Thermal

79.

According to the law of conservation of energy, the total amount of energy in the universe ____.

a)

remains constant

b)

changes constantly

c)

increases

d)

decreases

80.

Work _____ energy.

a)

reduces

b)

reflects

c)

transfers

d)

stops

81.

Which equation is correct?

a)

mechanical energy = kinetic energy – potential energy

b)

mechanical energy = potential energy – kinetic energy

c)

mechanical energy = kinetic energy + potential energy

d)

mechanical energy = kinetic energy × potential energy

82.

When two surfaces interact, some mechanical energy leaves the system as thermal energy due to ________.

a)

surrounding heat

b)

water

c)

friction

d)

fusion

83.

Which of the following does NOT reduce friction?

a)

grease

b)

cotton

c)

oil

d)

graphite

84.

A fire warms you by transferring _____ energy.

a)

potential

b)

thermal

c)

chemical

d)

nuclear

85.

A couple of friends decide they want to play Fortnite together on their Playstation 4.  When they turn the game on the TV, what kind of energy transfer is taking place?

a)

Heat to electric

b)

Electric to light

c)

Chemical to electric

d)

Electric to Light

86.

What is the correct unit for energy?

a)

meters (m)

b)

kilogram meters per second (kg m/s)

c)

Newtons (N)

d)

Joules (J)

87.
__________ is stored energy. 
a)
Potential
b)
Kinetic
c)
None of the above 
d)
All of the above 
88.
Energy due to motion is ____________ energy. 
a)
Potential 
b)
Energy
c)
Kinetic
d)
Friction
89.
The faster an object moves, the ________ kinetic energy it has. 
a)
more
b)
less
c)
none of the above
d)
all of the above 
90.
Gravitational potential energy depends on the ________ and ________ of the object. 
a)
Height and mass
b)
Friction and movement
c)
Mass and Movement
d)
Height and Friction 
91.

What is the equation for calculating gravitational potential energy

a)

mv

b)

1/2 mv^2

c)

mgh

d)

Ft

92.

Ty lifts a set of 1250kg weights a vertical distance of 2m in a weight lifting contest. What Potential Energy do the weights now possess?

a)

12,789 Joules

b)

24,500 Joules

c)

4,500 Joules

93.

Calculate the potential energy of a car with a mass of 2,500 kg that is on a hill 100 meters above sea level.

a)

250,000 J

b)

2,450,000 J

c)

2,451,663 J

d)

248 J

94.

If the 0.3 kg marble was moving at 6 m/s at the bottom of the ramp, how much kinetic energy did the marble have? (KE = 1/2mv2)

a)

5.4 J

b)

1.8 J

c)

3 J

d)

6 J

95.

Lilly's cat ran through your yard. The cat has a mass of 5 kg. He is running at a speed of 3 m/s. What is the kinetic energy of the cat as he runs? (KE = 1/2mv2)

a)

8.5 J

b)

45 J

c)

7.5 J

d)

22.5 J

96.

Using the equation for KE= 12mv2\frac{1}{2}mv^2 , what is the energy of the 5-kg moving object moving at 4 m/ s2s^2  ?

a)

20 Joules

b)

40 Joules

c)

30 Joules

d)

1.2 Joules

97.

It is the energy of a moving object.

a)

Potential Energy

b)

Chemical Energy

c)

Elastic Energy

d)

Kinetic Energy

98.

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed it just transferred from one form to another. This law is known as ______.

a)

Law of Momemtum

b)

Newton's Law of Motion

c)

Law of Conservation of Energy

d)

Mass and Energy Equavalence

99.

______ is the energy by virtue of its location.

a)

Kinetic Energy

b)

Elastic Energy

c)

Potential Energy

d)

Chemical

100.

A 1kg-ball is released from the top of Robert Abbott Middle School building from the ground approximately of 9 m-height. What is the gravitational potential energy? hint g = 9.8 m/ s2s^2  .

a)

88.2 Joules

b)

18.8 Joules

c)

0.8 Joules

d)

9.8 Joules

101.

Us=12kx2U_s=\frac{1}{2}kx^2  is the equation for

a)

Gravitational Potential Energy

b)

Elastic Potential Energy

c)

Kinetic Energy

d)

Static Electricity

102.

Us=12kx2U_s=\frac{1}{2}kx^2  in this equation k is known as _____.

a)

spring constant

b)

coulomb's constant

c)

kinetic energy

d)

potential energy constant

103.

What is the Kinetic Energy of a 100 kg-object if it moving at 4m/s?

a)

600 J

b)

800 J

c)

400 J

d)

700 J

104.

A 30kg-girl run at a rate of 7 m/s, what is the kinetic energy?

a)

2,940 J

b)

345 J

c)

735 J

d)

972 J

105.

Given the same mass, compare the kinetic energy of two objects with a speed of 5m/s and 10 m/s respectively.

a)

Same kinetic energy

b)

A 10 m/s-Object has 4 times KE compared to a 5m/s-object.

c)

A 5 m/s-Object has 4 times KE compared to a 10m/s-object.

d)

Information is not sufficient.

106.
The heat from a lamp allows a lizard to remain warm. This is an example of which type of heat transfer?
a)
radiation
b)
conduction
c)
convection
d)
insulation
107.
What is the definition of CONDUCTION?
a)
When heat is transferred from objects like rays of light or electromagnetically.
b)
a  hot liquid or air that  expands, becomes less dense, and rises or becomes more dense, and sinks.
c)
When heat transfers from objects that are touching.
d)
When heat transfers through the heater or AC in your house.
108.

What is the definition of CONVECTION

a)

When heat transfers through waves.

b)

When heat transfers from objects that are touching.

c)

warm fluid rises; cool fluid sinks

d)

Heat traveling from the sun

109.
What is the BEST example of a conductor? 
a)
A wooden block
b)
A ceramic mug
c)
A glass cup
d)
A metal bowl
110.
A jacket is a good example of an . . .
a)
Insulator
b)
Investigator
c)
Insider
d)
Interrogator
111.
Thermal energy always moves from ___________ to __________.
a)
Hot to Hot
b)
Cold to hot
c)
Warmer to cooler
d)
Cooler to warmer
112.
When thermal energy is added to a substance, the substance's particles move: 
a)
More rapidly at an increased distance from each other
b)
More rapidly with less distance between each other
c)
More slowly with a greater distance between each other
d)
More slowly with a reduced distance be
113.

How is temperature related to heat?

a)

Temperature is a measure of the heat of an object.

b)

Heat causes a change in the temperature of an object.

c)

Raising the temperature causes the heat of an object to increase.

d)

Temperature and heat are two different ways to measure the same thing.

114.

Emily has a cup of hot cocoa on the counter to cool off so she can drink it safely. She watches the steam rise from the hot cocoa. Which type of thermal energy transfer is occurring as the steam rises into the surrounding air?

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

d)

transformation

115.

Which temperature scale is used by scientists?

a)

Fahrenheit

b)

Celsius

c)

Frankenstein

d)

Lassiterius

e)

Stauffenheit

116.

Which of the following is used for measuring temperature?

a)

thermometer

b)

barometer

c)

anemometer

d)

scapulometer

e)

phalangometer

117.

An object that energy moves through slowly is called a

a)

conductor

b)

insulator

c)

chiropractor

d)

retractor

e)

detector

118.

A microwave uses ___________________ to cook food.

a)

radiation

b)

conduction

c)

convection

d)

a Rhesus monkey

e)

psychobabble

119.

Hot water rising as cooler water sinks is an example of

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

d)

sublimation

e)

elimination

120.

What is heat?

a)

a form of light

b)

a form of energy

c)

a measure of how old or cold something is

121.

What is temperature?

a)

a form of heat

b)

a form of energy

c)

a measure of how old or cold something is

d)

something to measure how hot or cold an object is

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