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Evolution Review

Total questions: 193

Worksheet time: 16hrs 59mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The picture shown is an example of

a)

Vestigial structures

b)

Homologous structures

c)

Analogous structures

d)

Fossils

2.

Which process of evolution is demonstrated below?

a)

Comparative anatomy

b)

Homologous structures

c)

Comparative embryology

d)

Vestigial structures

3.

Which statement provides the best evidence that Ambulocetus natans is an ancestor of Basilosaurus isis?

a)

Homologous structures occur in each fossil

b)

Similar nitrogenous bases are found in the DNA of each fossil

c)

The fossils were found in different locations

d)

The youngest fossils is larger than the older fossils

4.

Which evidence for evolution is shown below?

a)

Comparative embryology

b)

Homologous structures

c)

Biochemical evidence

d)

Vestigial structures

5.

See picture for question

a)

Live in the same type of ecosystem

b)

Have slowly evolved to become herbivores

c)

Have a common ancestor

d)

Exchanged DNA at some point in the past

6.

The bones in the figure above are-

a)

Evidence of a common ancestor

b)

Evidence that animals can walk

c)

Evidence that fossils are old

d)

Evidence of nothing

7.

Genome maps provide the DNA sequences of chromosomes. Some scientists have compared the genome maps of a hedgehog and a sloth. What do these genome maps allow the scientists to determine?

a)

The color patterns of the offspring of each species

b)

How much the size ranges of the two species differ

c)

The methods of protein synthesis that each species uses

d)

How closely related the two species are to each other.

8.

What conclusion can you draw from the fact that many modern whale species have vestigial pelvic and leg bones?

a)

The ancestors of whales may have been land mammals

b)

Whales could walk if they wanted to

c)

Whales are preparing to evolve into land animals

d)

Someday whales will be able to walk and will have legs

9.

Scientists discover that cells from two species of organisms are made up of similar proteins, suggesting a close evolutionary relationship. If the scientists do further biochemical analyses, which additional finding would support this conclusion?

a)

The fossils of both organisms are found relatively close to each other in the fossil record.

b)

The anatomical structure of both organisms is similar.

c)

The DNA nucleotide sequence of both organisms is similar.

d)

Both populations of organisms have undergone natural selection over time.

10.
a)

A food web showing feeding relationships of organisms where the fossil skull was found

b)

Population and migration data for small wild cats living in the ecosystem where the skull was found

c)

The fossil record and DNA comparisons of big cats and small cats

d)

The historical record of interactions between different species of big cats

11.

The picture shows similarities among the forelimbs of three animals. The similarities provide evidence for which of the following hypotheses?

a)

Legs and wings may have evolved from flippers.

b)

All mammals have evolved from an ancestor that was a bat.

c)

A cat’s leg, a whales’sflipper, and a bat’s wing have identical functions

d)

Cats, whales, and bats had the same ancestor millions of years ago.

12.
a)

Redi's hypothesis that spontaneous generation does not occur

b)

Haeckel's hypothesis that embryological development mimics the evolution of species

c)

Wallace's hypothesis that geography affects the distribution of species

d)

Darwin's hypothesis that the development of a species is a slow, gradual process

13.

How can the pattern of change in the fossil record best be explained?

a)

The mollusks were well adapted to their stable environment. A large, sudden change occurred in their environment. After the change the mollusks with the bigger shells were better adapted for the new environment.

b)

The mollusks were well adapted to their stable environment. The mollusks hybridized with a smaller species of mollusk. A new species of mollusk with a bigger shell resulted.

c)

The mollusks were not well adapted to their environment. The length of the mollusks' shells changed gradually over time. The mollusks in the original population that had small shells died over a period of many years.

14.

The fact that both these mammals incubate their immature offspring in a pouch provides evidence that they-

a)

Belong to the same species

b)

Must range great distances to eat

c)

Have very similar skeletal structures

d)

Are descended from a common ancestor

15.

Based on this phylogenetic tree, which statement is true?

a)

Lesser pandas are more genetically similar to giant pandas than they are to raccoons

b)

Brown bears are more genetically similar to giant pandas than they are to sun bears

c)

Lesser pandas are more genetically similar to raccoons than they are to giant pandas

d)

The bear species are all more genetically similar to dogs than they are to giant pandas

16.

Who is the closest relative to the brown bear?

a)

Giant panda

b)

Dog

c)

Lesser panda

d)

Sun bear

17.

Which is the most recent common ancestor for the giant panda and the raccoon?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

None of these are correct

18.

Which of these is the most recent common ancestor between the sun bear and the spectacled bear?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

None of these are correct

19.

Which organism is the most distantly related to all the others?

a)

Raccoon

b)

Dog

c)

Giant Panda

d)

Sun Bear

20.

According to this phylogenetic tree, which creature is the least related out of all pictured?

a)

Fish

b)

Frog

c)

Salamander

d)

Human

21.
In recent years "SuperBugs" (bacteria that aren't effected by antibiotics) are becoming more and more common. How could natural selection explain this?
a)
Superbugs survive antibiotics and reproduce
b)
Antibiotics cause bacteria to become superbugs
c)
We have always had the same amount of superbugs; modern media just discusses them more.
d)
There is no reliable data on the origin of super bugs.
22.
Why do peppered moths tend to be the same color as the trees on which they live?
a)
The coloring goes along with tasting like the tree. 
b)
It keeps the moth the same temperature as the tree. 
c)
It makes the moths faster than the birds
d)
It makes the moths harder to see.
23.
Which of these is an example of natural selection?
a)
The largest animal in a population will have more opportunities for reproduction.
b)
Several species of organisms work together so that they all succeed.
c)
One species takes all the resources in an environment leaving none for others.
d)
Organism that are best suited to an environment tend to survive and reproduce more often.
24.
Which of the following explains adaptation.
a)
An individual organism changes to meet its needs in the environment. These changes pass down to their offspring.
b)
The species as a whole changes their characteristics.
c)
Beneficial traits allow organism to survive and pass on those traits
d)
New characteristics arise in a species as needed.  If these traits are helpful, they are passed down.
25.
A large herd of goats lives in a field full of poison ivy.  Some goats are able to eat the poison ivy while others have become sick when they eat it. Over time the herd as a whole will tend to
a)
Become more likely to eat poison ivy.
b)
Become less likely to eat poison ivy.
c)
Not change in the proportion of goats that can and can not eat poison ivy.
d)
Eat all the poison ivy and leave only plants all the goats can eat.
26.
Darwin studied which of these species on Galapagos?
a)
Pigeons and tortoises
b)
Tortoises and finches
c)
Finches and Pigeons
d)
Zebras and Mockingbirds
27.
When an environment changes faster that an species can adapt, the most likely outcome is...
a)
...biological evolution.
b)
...voluntary mutation
c)
...species extinction
d)
...selective breeding
28.
Evolution works by 
a)
individuals changing to suit their environment
b)
Individuals learned new traits and pass them on
c)
sudden change in the environment cause a species change 
d)
small changes pass down through many generations
29.
What might account for the fact that all of these limbs share similar structures?
a)
They came from the same source
b)
They are all from one animal
c)
They are very similar organisms
d)
Cooincidence
30.
Define homologous structures.
a)
Structures that appear the same, but have different ancestral origins.
b)
Structures that appear the different, but have the same ancestral origins.
c)
Any two body parts from the same organism
d)
Parts that no longer appear to have a function
31.
These cause variations.
a)
mutations
b)
adaptations
c)
a desire to change
d)
injuries
32.
What is it called when humans decide which traits of an organism are the most desirable and only allow those organisms with the specific, desired traits to breed.
a)
biological evolution
b)
evolution by natural selection
c)
artificial selection
d)
inbreeding
33.
The English naturalist that developed the theory of how evolution works.
a)
Charles Darwin
b)
Charles M. Schulz
c)
Charles Dickens
d)
Charles Norris
34.

Some female peacocks prefer males with large, colorful tales while other female peacocks prefer males with no tail at all. Females are now mating only with the tail they prefer. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

a)

behavioral isolation

b)

hybrid sterility

c)

temporal isolation

d)

mechanical isolation

35.
A flash flood carried a raft of Amazon ants away from their original population. There is enough distance between the two groups, that they will never meet in nature again. What type of reproductive barrier is this?
a)
behavioral isolation
b)
temporal isolation 
c)
gametic isolation
d)
geographic isolation 
36.
Which of the following must occur for speciation to happen?
a)
geographic isolation
b)
reproductive isolation
c)
temporal isolation
d)
behavioral isolation
37.

In the Great Lakes region of North America, gray wolves and coyotes are similar species but do not mate because their breeding periods occur at different times of the year.

a)

Geographic isolation

b)

Behavioral isolation

c)

Temporal isolation

38.

individuals with alleles for an extreme type are more likely to survive and reproduce

a)

stabilizing selection

b)

directional selection

c)

disruptive selection

d)

genetic drift

39.

the selection pressure favors the extreme phenotypes, dividing the population into 2 distinct groups

a)

directional selection

b)

stabilizing selection

c)

geographic selection

d)

disruptive selection

40.

Individuals with intermediate traits are more likely to survive and reproduce

a)

stabilizing selection

b)

directional selection

c)

adaptive radiation

d)

disruptive selection

41.
Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection? 
a)
People selectively breeding hamsters.
b)
Insect populations developing resistance to certain pesticides.
c)
Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics.
d)
Male birds of certain species developing colorful feathers to attract female mates.
42.
What characteristic did Darwin observe about the finches on the Galapagos Islands?
a)
Their feathers 
b)
Genotypes 
c)
Their beaks
d)
Their body sizes
43.
Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring? 
a)
Evolution 
b)
Variation 
c)
Adaptation
d)
Natural Selection 
44.
When an organism completely dies out, it is called.....
a)
Adaption
b)
Extinction
c)
Fossilization
d)
Mutation
45.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
46.
Which of the following is a fossil?
a)
a plant that has recently died
b)
a group of organisms that can reproduce
c)
a structure or organ that no longer functions
d)
a trace of an organisms that existed in the past
47.
In natural selection, the selective agent is the
a)
humans
b)
mutations
c)
breeders
d)
environment
48.
Mutations are important because they bring about
a)
death of the organism in which they develop
b)
genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
c)
benefits for the individual, not for the population
d)
Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population
49.

What is the term for a feature that allows an organism to survive better in its environemtn?

a)

variation

b)

adaptation

c)

homologous structure

d)

vestigial structure

50.
Who is the father of evolution?
a)
Darwin
b)
Mendel
c)
Newton
d)
Einstein
51.
What is another name for natural selection?
a)
survival of the smartest
b)
survival of the fastest
c)
survival of the biggest
d)
survival of the fittest
52.

Which rock layer contains the newest fossils?

a)
F
b)
E
c)
B
d)
C
53.
Charles Darwin’s observation that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the hypothesis that these finches 
 
a)
have the ability to interbreed.
have the ability to interbreed.
b)
acquired traits through use and disuse.
c)
all eat the same type of food.
d)
descended from a common ancestor.
54.

Images of the embryo and adult stages of three different organisms are shown.


Which of the following is the best conclusion that can be drawn from this evidence?

a)

Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms eat the same types of food.

b)

Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms live in a similar environment.

c)

Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms share a recent common ancestor.

d)

Having similar embryos indicates that a certain protein controls how many legs the adult organisms will have.

55.

Researchers discovered that the legs of birds are homologous to the feet of reptiles. Which claim is BEST supported by this fact?

a)

Birds do not require legs

b)

Birds and reptiles have a common ancestor

c)

They randomly developed the same structures

d)

Selection pressures have acted on birds, but not on reptiles

56.

Which type of rock are most fossils found?

a)

sedimentary rock

b)

metamorphic rock

c)

igneous rock

d)

fossils

57.
Common ancestry relates to evolution because
a)
evolution only happens when there are common ancestors.
b)
Common ancestors make evolution happen more quickly.
c)
evolution can never take place with common ancestors.
d)
the more two organisms have in common, the more recent is their common ancestor during their evolution.
58.
According to the law of superposition, the oldest fossils are found 
a)
At the top of the rock layers
b)
Near the bottom of the rock layers
c)
In the middle of the rock layers
d)
Somewhat near the surface
59.

What happens to new traits that HELP organisms survive over time?

a)

They become MORE COMMON

b)

They become LESS COMMON

c)

They are EQUALLY COMMON

60.
The surroundings and conditions in which an organism lives and operates.
a)
Evolution
b)
Population
c)
Environment
d)
Biological diversity
61.
The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?
a)
Fossil A and C are the same age
b)
Fossil B is older than fossil C
c)
Fossils A is older than fossil B
d)
Fossil D is older than fossil C
62.
Why do embryologist study embryos?
a)
to see if they are related
b)
to understand adaptations
c)
to determine the age
d)
to learn what parents are vestigial
63.
According to the law of superposition, which layer is the youngest?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
64.

Gigantopithecus were very large primates that lived 500,000 years ago. Since none of these mammals are still today, they are said to be....

a)

Extinct

b)

Threatened

c)

Endangered

d)

Declining

65.

Scientists have collected millions of fossils of different organisms, and have developed a timeline of life on Earth. What do we call this?

a)

Mutation

b)

Natural Selection

c)

The theory of evolution

d)

Fossil Record

66.

What most likely caused the finches on the Galapagos Islands to have beaks that were different from the finches on the mainland?

a)

There were different types of predators on the island.

b)

There were different types of food available on the island.

c)

The finches had no water to drink.

d)

The finches on the mainland could not fly high enough.

67.

When looking at two birds of the same species, you notice that one has darker feathers than the other one. You also notice that one has a beak that is just a little longer. These slight differences within members of the same species are called.....

a)

Fossils

b)

Extinction

c)

Meiosis

d)

Variations

68.

How do we measure the age of a fossil in years?

a)

variation

b)

absolute dating

c)

selection

d)

mutation

69.

Hibernation is an example of which type of adaptation?

a)

Behavioral Adaptation

b)

Physical Adaptation

70.

Beak shape, camouflage, and webbed feet are all examples of which type of adaptation?

a)

Behavioral Adaptation

b)

Physical Adaptation

71.
The gradual change in species over time is...
a)
Evolution
b)
Nucleotide 
c)
Adaptation
d)
Natural Selection
72.
In natural selection, the selective agent is the
a)
humans
b)
mutations
c)
breeders
d)
environment
73.
The differences among a species, like different bird beaks, are called
a)
genes.
b)
variations.
c)
traits.
d)
theories.
74.
What process is being shown in this image?
a)
Variation
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Selective Breeding
d)
Homeostasis
75.
Where do adaptations come from?
a)
The individual organism decides to adapt
b)
Mutations that give an organism an advantage in its environment
76.
The change in allele frequencies over time.
a)
genotype
b)
crossing over
c)
evolution
d)
adaptation
77.
A group of organisms of the same species which live in a shared space and reproduce with each other.
a)
population
b)
species
c)
alleles
78.
An example of a population would be 
a)
all the owls in North America.
b)
different kinds of butterflies living in the same patch of rain forest.
c)
sparrows.
d)
a group of wood ducks living in the same pond in a forest.
79.
Sometimes referred to as "survival of the fittest," this process allows those traits which are most favorable to be passed on to the next generation and those which are not to be eliminated.
a)
genetic drift
b)
gene flow
c)
natural selection
d)
mutation
80.

A change in the genetic material of a cell is called a

a)

mutation.

b)

meiosis.

c)

gene flow.

d)

bottleneck effect.

81.

Which of the following is required for a population to diverge into two separate species?

a)

The two populations must have evolved different physical appearances.

b)

The two populations must have mutated at least 10 times.

c)

The two populations must have become reproductively isolated.

d)

The two populations must have evolved analogous structures.

82.
A scientific name consists of 
a)
Genus and Order
b)
Genus and Domain
c)
Genus and species
d)
Kingdon and Phylum
83.
The most specific of the classifications is?
a)
class 
b)
order 
c)
genus 
d)
species
84.
Which term means "True Nucleus" or cell(s) with a nucleus?
a)
Eukaryotes
b)
Prokaryotes
c)
Multi-cellular
85.
The 2 kingdoms that make up Prokaryotes are?
a)
Animals and Plants 
b)
Protists and Fungi
c)
Archea and Bacteria
86.
What kingdom's organisms often live in super harsh environments?
a)
archea
b)
animalia
c)
plantae
d)
protista
87.
Mushrooms are an example of this Kingdom?
a)
Animalia
b)
Protista 
c)
Archea 
d)
Fungi
88.
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, _______
a)
Family 
b)
Order
c)
Genus 
d)
Species
89.

Which of the following organisms are most likely LEAST closely related?

a)

organisms that share a domain

b)

organisms that share a family

c)

organisms that share a genus

d)

organisms that share a species

90.

The science of describing, classifying, and naming living things is called:

a)

Geology

b)

Biology

c)

Taxonomy

d)

Chemistry

91.

This organism is multicellular, heterotroph, that has a cell wall made of chitin. What kingdom does it belong in?

a)

fungi

b)

plantae

c)

animalia

d)

eubacteria

92.

I am prokaryotic and am found everywhere. What kingdom do I belong to?

a)

Eubacteria

b)

Archaebacteria

c)

Fungi

d)

Protista

93.

What kingdom do unicellular, prokaryotic organisms that live in extreme environments?

a)

Animal

b)

Archaea

c)

Eubacteria

d)

Plant

94.

What is the correct order of taxonomy?

a)

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, species, genus, family, class

b)

Species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain

c)

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

d)

species, phylum, order, class, domain, kingdom, family, genus

95.

Which one of the following is the most general category of living things?

a)

Kingdom

b)

Domain

c)

Phylum

d)

Species

96.

What are the three domains we find in biology?

a)

Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya

b)

Protista, Eubacteria, Animalia

c)

Prokarya, Bacteria, Archaea

97.
Where do adaptations come from?
a)
The individual organism decides to adapt
b)
Mutations that give an organism an advantage in its environment
98.
The change in allele frequencies over time.
a)
genotype
b)
crossing over
c)
evolution
d)
adaptation
99.
A group of organisms of the same species which live in a shared space and reproduce with each other.
a)
population
b)
species
c)
alleles
100.

A change in the genetic material of a cell is called a

a)

mutation.

b)

meiosis.

c)

gene flow.

d)

bottleneck effect.

101.

The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?

a)

Fossil A and C are the same age

b)

Fossil A is older than Fossil B

c)

Fossil B is older than Fossil C

d)

Fossil D is older than Fossil C

102.

Which of the following is required for a population to diverge into two separate species?

a)

The two populations must have evolved different physical appearances.

b)

The two populations must have mutated at least 10 times.

c)

The two populations must have become reproductively isolated.

d)

The two populations must have evolved analogous structures.

103.
The most specific of the classifications is?
a)
class 
b)
order 
c)
genus 
d)
species
104.
Which term means "True Nucleus" or cell(s) with a nucleus?
a)
Eukaryotes
b)
Prokaryotes
c)
Multi-cellular
105.
The 2 kingdoms that make up Prokaryotes are?
a)
Animals and Plants 
b)
Protists and Fungi
c)
Archea and Bacteria
106.
What kingdom's organisms often live in super harsh environments?
a)
archea
b)
animalia
c)
plantae
d)
protista
107.
Mushrooms are an example of this Kingdom?
a)
Animalia
b)
Protista 
c)
Archea 
d)
Fungi
108.

The Galapagos finches arrived at that island and fairly rapidly evolved into new species. This is an example of:

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Adaptive Radiation

c)

Survival of the Fittest

d)

Convergent Evolution

109.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
110.
Mutations are a change in what?
a)
DNA
b)
tRNA
c)
genotype
d)
phenotype
111.
A slight difference in an inherited trait between individual members of the same species.
a)
variations
b)
adapatations
c)
homologous structures
d)
analogous structures
112.
An inherited trait that increases an organism's chance of surviving and reproducing.
a)
variation
b)
adaptation
c)
vestigial structure
d)
mutation
113.

Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection says that the number of offspring an organism has ___________________

a)

stays the same

b)

is more than can survive

c)

is less than needed

114.
Humans, birds, whales, and lizards all have similar arm bones. What is the reason for this?
a)
The function of these bones is the same in all animals
b)
They live in similar environments
c)
They have a common ancestor
d)
All organisms resemble humans
115.
Bird wings and butterfly wings are an example of
a)
Homologous structure
b)
Analogous structure
c)
Mimicry
d)
Camoflague
116.
Shark fins and dolphin fins are examples of analogous structures.
a)
True
b)
False
117.
Analogous structures show common ancestry.
a)
True
b)
False
118.
Which of the following pieces of evolution evidence contain both homologous and vestigial structures?
a)
fossil record
b)
comparing embryology
c)
comparing biochemistry
d)
comparing anatomy
119.
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as
a)
vestigial structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil structures
120.
How would you describe this evolution?
a)
Homologous structure
b)
Analogous structure
c)
Structural adaption
d)
Functional adaption
121.

An anatomical feature that no longer seams to have a purpose in the current form of an organism

a)

Homologous structure

b)

Analogous structure

c)

Vestigial structure

d)

None of the above

122.

Which of the following are vestigial structures humans have? Select all that apply.

a)

Appendix

b)

Tailbone

c)

Forearm bones

d)

Goosebumps

123.

Whales have pelvic bones. What type of structure does this best represent?

a)

Homologous structure

b)

Analogous structure

c)

Vestigial structure

d)

None of the above

124.

A species does not change over millions of years. This is an example of:

a)

convergent evolution

b)

analogous structures

c)

stasis

d)

dynamic equilibrium

e)

character chane

125.

The flowers on maple trees are pollinated by the wind, yet they have petals. The petals:

a)

are homologous structures.

b)

are vestigial.

c)

are the result of convergent evolution.

d)

attract pollinators.

126.

Water boatmen (an insect) and whales have flippers. This is an example of:

a)

convergent evolution

b)

vestigial structures

c)

stasis

d)

analogous structures

e)

homology

127.

To be a species, a group of organisms must be able to ...

a)

experience gene flow.

b)

interbreed.

c)

produce infertile offspring.

d)

move and breathe oxygen.

128.

Select the best answer based on the image.

a)

Gene Flow

b)

Genetic Drift

129.

A new river forms and splits two populations, causing ______________ speciation

a)

Sympatric

b)

Allopatric

c)

Extreme

d)

Convergent

130.

Orcas occur in the same habitat but some are avoiding each other and do not interbreed. They have different diets, vocal behavior, and social structures. What type of speciation is this?

a)

Allopatric

b)

Sympatric

c)

Complex

d)

Covergent

131.

Butterflies, bats, and birds all have wings that allow them to fly. Butterfly wings, however do not have bones like bat and bird wings do. What kind of evolution is this?

a)

Convergent Evolution

b)

Divergent Evolution

c)

Punctuated Equilibrium

d)

Gradualism

132.

A population of mollusks are living in a stable ecosystem in the ocean. A rapid drop in sea level causes the formation of a lake, which isolateds a group of mollusks from the rest. This quick environmental change causes rapid evolutionary change. What pattern of evolution is this?

a)

Convergent Evolution

b)

Divergent Evolution

c)

Punctuated Equilibrium

d)

Gradualism

133.

4000 years ago a population of cichlid fish were isolated in Lake Nagubago in central Uganda. Since then 5 new species have formed, distinguished by their differing coloration and mating rituals. These five groups of fish are considered unique species because they do not naturally interbreed.

a)

Convergent Evolution

b)

Divergent Evolution

c)

Punctuated Equilibrium

d)

Gradualism

134.

The Dodo was a flightless bird, first spotted by Dutch sailors in 1598. Dodos had no known predators until sailors started hunting them and new invasive species were introduced. The last sighting of a Dodo was in 1662. What pattern of evolution is this?

a)

Coevolution

b)

Convergent Evolution

c)

Divergent Evolution

d)

Extinction

135.

Male bumblebees go to flowers, such as orchids, to pick up chemicals that allow them to create attractive scents to put off for female bumblebees. Flowers have waxy pollen to stick to the bumblebee's heads and abdomens in order to spread their pollen to other flowers. What pattern of evolution is this?

a)

Convergent Evolution

b)

Coevolution

c)

Gradualism

d)

Punctuated Equilibrium

136.

Type of speciation that occurs without geographic isolation.

a)

Allopatric Speciation

b)

Sympatric Speciation

c)

Prezygotic Speciation

d)

Postzygotic Speciation

137.

Type of speciation caused when populations of a species become geographically isolated and evolve independently

a)

Allopatric Speciation

b)

Sympatric Speciation

c)

Prezygotic Speciaiton

d)

Postzygotic Speciation

138.

Fossil evidence suggests that whales evolved from land mammals. This was a slow process over thousands of years that resulted from continual reduction of the ancestral mammals forelimbs over time, until they were reduced to fins. What pattern of evolution is this?

a)

Coevolution

b)

Convergent Evolution

c)

Gradualism

d)

Punctuated Equilibrium

139.

This type of Prezygotic Barrier is when two species have different courtship behaviors.

a)

Behavioral Isolation

b)

Gametic Isolation

c)

Temporal Isolation

d)

Habitat Isolation

140.

This type of Prezygotic Barrier is when two species have gametes that cannot fertilize each other.

a)

Behavioral Isolation

b)

Gametic Isolation

c)

Temporal Isolation

d)

Habitat Isolation

141.

This type of Prezygotic Barrier is when two species mate at different times of the day/year.

a)

Behavioral Isolation

b)

Gametic Isolation

c)

Temporal Isolation

d)

Habitat Isolation

142.

This type of Prezygotic Barrier is when two species prefer different habitats and are unlikely to meet in the wild.

a)

Behavioral Isolation

b)

Gametic Isolation

c)

Temporal Isolation

d)

Habitat Isolation

143.

This type of Prezygotic Barrier is when two species have reproductive structures or bodies that are not compatible for mating.

a)

Behavioral Isolation

b)

Gametic Isolation

c)

Temporal Isolation

d)

Mechanical Isolation

144.

These are barriers that occur after a zygote has formed

a)

Prezygotic Barriers

b)

Postzygotic Barriers

c)

Behavioral Isolation

d)

Temporal Isolation

145.

These are barriers that occur before a zygote has formed

a)

Prezygotic Barriers

b)

Postzygotic Barriers

c)

Hybridization

d)

Chromosomal Mismatch

146.

Forming of a new species by evolution from pre-existing species is known as

a)

Adaptation

b)

Variation

c)

Speciation

d)

Extinction

147.

Organisms with traits that make them better adapted to their environment will live longer and reproduce more than organisms less adapted to their environment is known as

a)

Natural selection

b)

Genetic Equilibrium

c)

Coevolution

d)

Migration

148.

All genes available in a population is called

a)

Gene pool

b)

Genetic Variation

c)

Gene Flow

d)

Genetic Equilibrium

149.

Migration is also called

a)

Gene pool

b)

Genetic Variation

c)

Gene Flow

d)

Genetic Equilibrium

150.

When allele frequencies in a population are stable and unchanging, and no evolution is occurring a population is said to be in

a)

Gene pool

b)

Genetic Variation

c)

Gene Flow

d)

Genetic Equilibrium

151.

A physical characteristic that helps an organism survive better in its environment is called a/an

a)

Adaptation

b)

Gene Pool

c)

Variation

d)

Gene Flow

152.

Sudden elimination of a species due to a catastrophic event is called

a)

Gradual Extinction

b)

Mass Extinction

c)

Speciation

d)

Gradualism

153.

Slow elimination of a species caused by small environmental changes over time is called

a)

Gradual Extinction

b)

Mass Extinction

c)

Speciation

d)

Gradualism

154.

What are the five factors that can cause extinction?

a)

Disease, Competition, Predators, Meteor, Climate Change

b)

Behavior, Competition, Predators, Adaptation, Reproduction

c)

Gametic, Behavioral, Mechanical, Temporal, Habitat Isolation

155.

Evolution on a large scale affecting changes in species across populations is called (a)   .

156.

Differences in the physical traits of organisms are called

a)

Adaptation

b)

Variation

c)

Overproduction of Offspring

d)

Descent with Modification

157.

When all organisms cannot survive due to limited resources it is called

a)

Adaptation

b)

Variation

c)

Overproduction of Offspring

d)

Descent with Modification

158.

A change in gene frequency over time so more beneficial traits become more common in a population is called

a)

Adaptation

b)

Variation

c)

Overproduction of Offspring

d)

Descent with Modification

159.

The selection of traits that aren’t necessarily good for survival fitness, but without them, you can’t pass on your genes at all because you can’t reproduce is known as

a)

Sexual Selection

b)

Variation

c)

Adaptation

d)

Mutation

160.

What is the ultimate form of genetic variation?

a)

Gene flow

b)

Genetic Recombination

c)

Crossing Over

d)

Random Mutation

161.

What theory proposes that evolution occurs steadily in tiny changes over long periods of time?

a)

gradualism

b)

relative dating

c)

natural selection

d)

punctuated equilibria

162.

How does the fossil record help to support the theory of evolution?

a)

the fossil record shows that organisms slowly change over time

b)

The fossil record shows that species evolve very quickly

c)

The fossil record does not support the theory of evolution

163.

Which rock layer most likely contains fossils of the oldest organisms?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

164.

The evolution of the horse is the most complete fossil record we have of a single organism. Using the picture, what can you conclude happened to the horse over time?

a)

The horse grew larger and lost its toes

b)

The horse shrank and lost its toes

c)

The horse grew larger and gained toes

d)

The horse shrank and gained toes

165.
Which of the following could form a fossil?
a)
Bone
b)
Shell
c)
Seeds
d)
All of the above
166.
By determining the age of fossils, scientists can reconstruct the history of life on Earth
a)
True
b)
False
167.
In what way can scientists determine the ages of fossils?
a)
relative dating
b)
radioactive dating
c)
law of superposition
d)
All of the above
168.
In layers of sedimentary rock, the _________ layer is usually at the bottom. Each higher layer is _________ than the layers below it.
a)
oldest, younger
b)
youngest, older
c)
youngest, younger
d)
oldest, older
169.

What is the difference between gradualism and punctuated equilibrium?

a)

Gradualism is slowly but surely and P.E. are rapid changes preceeded followed by long periods of little or no change

b)

P.E. is slowly but surely and Gradualism are rapid changes preceeded followed by long periods of little or no change

c)

Gradualism had no intermediate forms of species

d)

punctuated equilibria has intermediate forms of species

170.
The butterfly diagram on the right refer which model?
a)
Selection
b)
Gradualism
c)
Punctuated Equilibrium
d)
Adaptive
171.
What is slow change over a long period of time in a species called?
a)
Punctuated equilibrium
b)
Phylogeny
c)
Stasis
d)
Gradualism
172.

Age of Earth

a)

2.1 billion years old

b)

3.5 billion years old

c)

4.6 billion years old

d)

5.3 billion years old

173.

Earliest traces of life found

a)

2.1 billion years ago

b)

3.5 billion years ago

c)

4.6 billion years ago

d)

5.3 billion years ago

174.

Which occurred first?

a)

prokaryotes

b)

eukaryotes

175.

The Endosymbiotic theory focuses on these TWO organelles

a)

nucleus

b)

mitochondria

c)

ribosomes

d)

chloroplast

176.
Miller/Urey and other scientists have shown that:
a)
 Life on early Earth required material from space
b)
Cells survived in the primitive atmosphere
c)
Amino acids could be produced from inorganic molecules 
d)
Simple cells can be produced in a laboratory
177.
Which type of cell came first?
a)
Eukaryotic
b)
Prokaryotic
c)
Plant
d)
Both Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells evolved around the same time
178.
Why is it important to examine fossils from different places and ages?
a)
so we can gain a better understanding of the ancient environments that they lived in
b)
so that we can put them in museums 
179.
The age of one thing compared to another.
a)
Birthday
b)
Relative Age
c)
Teenager
d)
Age
180.
What can studying fossils tell us?
a)
They can tell us about what past environments were like and what kind of animals lived there
b)
They can tell us about the animals that will live there in the future
c)
they can tell us how to train and care for extinct animals
181.
T/F: Earth's EARLY atmosphere was mainly water vapor with a little carbon dioxide and nitrogen
a)
True
b)
False
182.
What type of evolution where there is a sudden, rapid change then no change for a long time?
a)
Co-Evolution
b)
Punctuated Equilibrium
c)
Divergent Evolution
d)
Convergent Evolution
183.

Evolution occurring gradually and slowly over long periods of time

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Stasis

c)

Punctuated Equilibrium

d)

Gradualism

184.

According to evolutionary theory, all living things have a common

a)

Purpose

b)

Function

c)

Ancestor

d)

Phone Number

185.
the type of evolution that Darwin believed in
a)
natural selection
b)
gradualism
c)
punctuated equilbrium
d)
commensalism
186.
a model that describes evolution as a slow, ongoing process by which one species changes to a new species. 
a)
osmosis
b)
gradualism
c)
homologous
187.

Gradualism occurs when geologic and climatic conditions are _______________.

a)

stable

b)

unstable

c)

long

d)

short

188.

Which form of evolution can occur quickly?

a)

gradualism

b)

punctuated equilibrium

c)

allopatric speciation

d)

sympatric speciation

189.

When looking at the following: First dinosaurs, first fish, first modern humans, first reptiles, simple prokaryotes


Which on occurs first?

a)

First dinosaurs

b)

first fish

c)

first modern humans

d)

first reptiles

e)

simple prokaryotes

190.

When looking at the following: First dinosaurs, first fish, first modern humans, first reptiles, simple prokaryotes


Which on occurs second?

a)

First dinosaurs

b)

first fish

c)

first modern humans

d)

first reptiles

e)

simple prokaryotes

191.

When looking at the following: First dinosaurs, first fish, first modern humans, first reptiles, simple prokaryotes


Which on occurs third?

a)

First dinosaurs

b)

first fish

c)

first modern humans

d)

first reptiles

e)

simple prokaryotes

192.

When looking at the following: First dinosaurs, first fish, first modern humans, first reptiles, simple prokaryotes


Which on occurs fourth?

a)

First dinosaurs

b)

first fish

c)

first modern humans

d)

first reptiles

e)

simple prokaryotes

193.

When looking at the following: First dinosaurs, first fish, first modern humans, first reptiles, simple prokaryotes


Which on occurs last?

a)

First dinosaurs

b)

first fish

c)

first modern humans

d)

first reptiles

e)

simple prokaryotes

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