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REVIEW DNA, RNA, PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 59mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What sugar does DNA have in its backbone?

a)

Ribose

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

Glucose

d)

Fructose

2.

What sugar does RNA have in its backbone?

a)

Ribose

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

Glucose

d)

Fructose

3.

Which nucleic acid is double-stranded?

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

4.

Which nucleic acid is single-stranded?

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

5.

Which combination of nucleotides does RNA have?

a)

A, C, U, and T

b)

G, U, A, T

c)

A, C, G, T

d)

A, C, G, U

6.

What combination of nucleotides does DNA have?

a)

A, C, U, and T

b)

G, U, A, T

c)

A, C, G, and T

d)

A, C, G, and U

7.

What make the backbone of DNA? Check all that apply.

a)

Deoxyribose

b)

Ribose

c)

Phosphate Groups

d)

Nitrogenous Base

8.

What makes the backbone of RNA?

a)

Deoxyribose

b)

Ribose

c)

Phosphate Groups

d)

Nitrogenous Base

9.

Which molecule can only ever be found in the nucleus?

a)

RNA

b)

DNA

c)

Protein

d)

Water

10.

Which molecule exits the nucleus after being made?

a)

RNA

b)

DNA

c)

Water

d)

Energy

11.

The images Rosalind Franklin captured help determine that DNA was a double helix. What method did she use?

a)

X-ray crystallography

b)

Karyotyping

c)

Electricity

d)

DNA fingerprinting

12.

A nucleotide consists of what 3 components?

a)

Sugar

b)

Phosphate Group

c)

Nitrogenous Base

d)

Hydrochloric Acid

13.

What is the purpose of DNA?

a)

To insulate against the cold

b)

To make reactions happen quickly

c)

To store and transmit genes

d)

Structural Support

14.

What shape is DNA?

a)

A single helix

b)

A crstyal

c)

A double helix

d)

Primary Structure

15.

Which molecules help to replicate DNA and build RNA?

a)

Acids & Bases

b)

Enzymes

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Lipids

16.

Which nitrogenous base does Thymine always pair with?

a)

Cytosine

b)

Guanine

c)

Adenine

d)

Uracil

17.

What nitrogenous base does Uracil always pair with?

a)

Cytosine

b)

Guanine

c)

Adenine

d)

Thymine

18.

A scientist analyzes a DNA molecule and discovers that 25% of its nitrogenous bases are Cytosine. How many bases must be Guanine?

a)

0% Guanine

b)

25% Guanine

c)

50% Guanine

d)

75% Guanine

19.

DNA Polymerase, Helicase, and Ligase are all examples of which type of molecule?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Nucleic Acids

c)

Lipids

d)

Enzymes

20.

After replication, what is a DNA molecule made out of?

(The Semi-Conservative Model.)

a)

Two new strands

b)

Two old strands

c)

One old strand and one new strand.

21.

Your body is using your DNA to make a piece of RNA (transcription). If the DNA code is TAAAG, then what will the matching RNA code be?

a)

TAAAG

b)

ATTTC

c)

AUUUC

d)

UTTTC

22.

What Sub-type of mutation is this?

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

23.

Three Nucleotides in a row of DNA or mRNA are called a...

(a)  

Choose from the below words
Codon
Sugar
Ribosome
acid
Protein
24.

Match the following Mutations

a)

Deletion

1.

Entire sequence shifts to the left

b)

Insertion

2.

Entire sequence shifts to the right

c)

Substitution

3.

One Nucleotide is swapped for another

d)

Point

4.

Only one nucleotide is affected

e)

Frameshift

5.

More than one nucleotide is affected and entire sequence shifts

25.

Match the following Mutations

a)

Missense

1.

Causes chance in amino acid sequence ; results in different protein

b)

Nonsense

2.

Causes an amino acid to change into a "STOP" codon

c)

Silent

3.

Has no effect on amino acids or proteins

26.

What Type of mutation is this?

a)

Point

b)

Frameshift

27.

The purpose of replication is to

a)

eliminate DNA

b)

make more DNA

c)

change the DNA

28.

Where does replication happen in human cells?

a)

the cell membrane

b)

the ribosome

c)

the nucleus

29.

When does replication happen?

a)

mitosis

b)

cell division

c)

interphase

30.

The enzyme that unzips DNA by breaking hydrogen bonds is

a)

ligase

b)

helicase

c)

DNA polymerase

d)

primase

31.

DNA polymerase is called "the builder" because it

a)

digs a foundation

b)

makes new strands of DNA

c)

breaks hydrogen bonds

32.

Which of the following are the correct pairings of DNA nucleotides?

a)

A-T

b)

A-C

c)

C-T

d)

C-G

33.

Match the following

a)

Polymerase

1.

builds the complimentary DNA strand

b)

Ligase

2.

bonds DNA fragments together

c)

Primase

3.

Indicates whee DNA replication begins

d)

Helicase

4.

"unzips" the DNA

34.

Reorder the following

a)

DNA is unzipped

b)

Primase marks region to begin replication

c)

Polymerase builds complimentary DNA strand

d)

Ligase bonds DNA fragments

1)
2)
3)
4)
35.

What are the nucleotides made of?

a)

Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base

b)

Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base

c)

Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine

d)

Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine

36.

Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand

CAT TCA CTG

a)

ATG TGA CAG

b)

TAC ACT GTC

c)

GTA AGT GAC

d)

CAT TCA CTG

37.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
CAT TCA CTG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
38.

In what process is mRNA synthesized?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

DNA Replication

d)

Mitosis

39.

Where does TRANSCRIPTION occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Mitochondria

40.

Why must transcription occur where DNA can be found?

a)

because DNA can't leave

b)

because ribosomes are in the nucleus

c)

because DNA polymerase is found there

d)

because helicase unzips the DNA

41.

How many nucleotides equal 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

42.

A polypeptide is a sequence of ____________________ held together by a ______________ bond.

a)

amino acids; peptide

b)

fatty acids; ionic

c)

proteins; hydrogen

d)

fatty acids; covalent

43.

TRANSCRIBE this DNA sequence: TACGTTACT

a)

AUGCAAUGA

b)

ATGCAATGA

c)

AUGGATUGA

d)

TACGTTACT

44.

TRANSLATE this RNA sequence: AUGCAAUGA

a)

Met-Glu-Stop

b)

Met-His-Stop

c)

Thr-Glu-Stop

d)

Thr-Pro-Stop

45.
The DNA sequence ATCAGCGCTGGC is part of a gene. how many amino acids are coded for by this message?
a)
4
b)
8
c)
12
d)
20
46.
Choose the nucleotide sequence of the RNA strand that would be complementary to the following strand: 
GTAGTCA
a)
UATUAGA
b)
ACGACTG
c)
CAUCAGU
d)
CATCAGT
47.
The central dogma of biology states that information flows in one direction from 
a)
nuclei to RNA to cytoplasm
b)
ribosomes to proteins to DNA
c)
genes to nuclei to ribosomes
d)
DNA to RNA to proteins
48.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______. 
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
49.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
50.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA
a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
51.

Select the RNA sequence or sequences for STOP.

a)

UCC

b)

UAA

c)

UGA

d)

UAG

52.

Proteins are mode of

a)

nucleotides

b)

glucose

c)

fatty acids

d)

amino acids

53.

Select the DNA sequence or sequences for Lysine.

a)

TTC

b)

AAC

c)

TTT

d)

TAT

54.

Find the amino acid that this segment of DNA codes for: CGT

a)

Alanine

b)

Stop

c)

Valine

d)

Leucine

55.

Find the amino acid that this segment of RNA codes for: UUG

a)

Glycine

b)

Asparagine

c)

Lysine

d)

Leucine

56.

Find the amino acid that this segment of DNA codes for: GAC

a)

Leucine

b)

Serine

c)

Aspartic Acid

d)

Histine

57.

MET is know as the __________ codon.

a)

stop

b)

main

c)

start

d)

most common

58.

Where is RNA made into protein?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleus

c)

Ribosome

d)

Cell Membrane

59.

A student performed a gel electrophoresis experiment. The results are represented in the diagram

below. Compared to the fragments at the top of the gel, the fragments at the lower end are

a)

larger, and move slower

b)

larger, and move faster

c)

smaller, and move faster

d)

smaller, and move slower

60.

This laboratory procedure is known as

a)

CLONING

b)

gel electrophoresis

c)

chromatography

d)

use of a dichotomous key

61.
Based on these results whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?
a)
Bob
b)
Sue
c)
John
d)
Lisa
62.
Which suspect is likely guilty?
a)
Suspect #1
b)
Suspect #2
c)
Suspect #3
63.
Why do the fragments of DNA in gel electrophoresis travel away from the negative electrode?
a)
DNA is negatively charged so attracted to the positive end of the unit
b)
DNA is positively charged to attracted to the negative end of the unit
c)
the agarose gel in negatively charged
d)
the agarose gel is positively charged
64.
Which man is the father of this baby?
a)
Father 1
b)
Father 2
c)
Father 3
d)
None of them
65.
Based on these results whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?
a)
Bob
b)
Sue
c)
John
d)
Lisa
66.
DNA is recovered from a suspected dead soldier.  Which Parents are the likely parents of the soldier?
a)
Parents C and D
b)
Parents E and F
c)
Parents A and B
d)
Parents G and H
67.

Clones have the exact same:

a)

Personalities

b)

Physical appearances

c)

Intelligence levels

d)

Genetic material

68.
DNA can be spliced, in order to insert it in a different organism, using
a)
prescription enzymes
b)
digestive enzymes
c)
restriction enzymes
d)
transcription enzymes
69.

What is the process of making an exact genetic copy of a living thing?

a)

Genes

b)

Cells

c)

Tissues

d)

Cloning

70.

A breeder of a champion german shepard wants to make an exact copy of his champion dog. Which process can solve this problem.

a)

organism cloning

b)

genome sequencing

c)

gene therapy

d)

DNA fingerprinting

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