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4/15 - HW - Reporting Category 5 - Environmental Systems

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during secondary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
soil
c)
climax community
d)
lichens
2.
After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth through -
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
climax community
d)
limiting factors
3.
Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession?
a)
A tornado
b)
A volcanic eruption
c)
A flood
d)
A drought
4.

If farmers use a controlled burn to prevent forest fires, what would most likely be the first plants to return?

a)

trees

b)

shrubs

c)

mosses

d)

grasses

5.

Which would result in primary succession?

a)

volcano destroying habitat leaving only soil and ash

b)

Tornado destroying a crop leaving very little soil

c)

Glacier retreating exposing bare rock

d)

limiting factors

6.

Primary succession occurs in areas with:

a)

very little soil

b)

lots of soil

c)

no soil

d)

soil that has been disturbed

7.
How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
a)
Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
b)
Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
c)
Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
d)
Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.
8.

The picture shows what type of succession?

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

tertiary

d)

quadanary

9.
What is the name given to lichen or algae after a primary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
volunteer species
c)
founder species
d)
conqueror species
10.

After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?

a)

Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees

b)

Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses

c)

Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees

d)

Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees

11.
What is the order of succession shown in this figure?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
B, A, D, C
c)
C, D, A, B
d)
D, A, B, C
12.
What are examples of pioneer species in a primary succession?
a)
Bushes and Shrubs
b)
Oak trees
c)
Mossess and Lichens 
d)
A rose Bush
13.
What is ecological succession?
a)
A slow change in an environment
b)
A change that takes days in an environment
c)
No change
d)
Abiotic change
14.

Match the following

a)
1.

Primary succession

b)
2.

pioneer species

c)
3.

abiotic factor

d)
4.

secondary sucession

e)
5.

climax community

15.

What are the 3 major relationship types?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Predation

c)

Commensalism

d)

Competition

e)

Symbiosis

16.

Match the following

a)

Competition

1.

A lion and a hyena pack fight over a fresh kill.

b)

Predator-Pray

2.

An anteater consuming the ants in an anthill

c)

Symbiosis

3.

Bacteria in our gut that helps us digest food

17.

Match the following

a)

Beneficial bacteria in our gut

1.

Mutualism

b)

Bacterial infection in an open wound

2.

Parasitism

c)

Bacteria on our skin

3.

Commensalism

d)

Different bacteria filling in any open space first

4.

Competition

e)

Shellfish feading on bacteria through filtration

5.

Predation

18.

Type of relationship: A wolf eating a rabbit.

a)

Predator/prey

b)

Parasite/host

c)

Producer/consumer

d)

Competitors

19.
Barnacles sometimes live on the outside surface of other larger shelled organisms without causing any harm. What is the ecological relationship?
a)
Mutualism
b)
Parasitism
c)
Commensalism
d)
Predator-Prey
20.

Type of relationship: cow eating grass.

a)

Predator/prey

b)

Parasite/host

c)

Producer/consumer

d)

Competitors

21.
Ants protect soft bodied aphids and in return the aphids feed the ants a sugary drink. What is the ecological relationship?
a)
Cooperation
b)
Parasitism
c)
Commensalism
d)
Mutualism
22.
______________ occurs when more than one individual or population tries to use the same limited resource.
a)
Niche
b)
Predator-prey
c)
Availability
d)
Competition
23.

Mistletoe takes water and nutrients from the spruce, harming the tree. This is an example of -

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Predation

24.

Which model correctly shows energy flow in a food chain?

a)
b)
c)
d)
25.
a)

red fox

b)

black bear

c)

deer

d)

rabbit

26.

Decomposers are important in the food chain because they:

a)

produce their own food using light from the Sun.

b)

stop the flow of energy from one organism to another.

c)

break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients into the soil.

d)

are microscopic and other organisms cannot consume them.

27.

What trophic level do the crabs belong to?

a)

Producer

b)

Primary consumer

c)

Secondary consumer

d)

Tertiary consumer

28.
a)

kelp to have less food.

b)

crabs to have more food.

c)

sea ducks to have less food.

d)

arctic foxes to have more food.

29.

a)
b)
c)
d)
30.

Which of the following would you most likely see at the bottom of an energy pyramid?

a)

Grass

b)

Mice

c)

Snakes

d)

Hawk

31.

Which of the following would you most likely see at the top of a biomass pyramid in an ocean food chain?

a)

Plankton

b)

Small fish

c)

Large fish

d)

Great white shark

32.

If the seeds, nuts, roots, grass, leaves, and flowers level had 1,000 kcal, how many kcal would be in the hawks and owls level?

a)

1,000 kcal

b)

100 kcal

c)

10 kcal

d)

1 kcal

33.

There are 4 types of heterotrophs. Match each with its description

a)

herbivore

1.

 gets energy from eating vegetation

b)

omnivore

2.

gets energy from eating meat and vegetation

c)

carnivore

3.

gets energy from eating meat

d)

detritovore (scavenger)

4.

gets energy/nutrients from dead matter

34.

What

happens to the amount of energy in the pyramid as it moves up through the

different levels?

a)

Energy increases by 10% each level.

b)

Energy decreases by 90% each level.

c)

Energy increases by 90% each level.

d)

Energy decreases by 10% each level.

35.

The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?

a)

They point to the organism that is being eaten.

b)

It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.

c)

They show the direction the energy is flowing between organisms.

d)

They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.

36.

A ___ is an organism that makes its own food.

A ___ is an organism that eats other organisms to gain energy.

A ___ is an organism that breaks down dead organisms to gain energy.

a)

producer, consumer, decomposer

b)

producer, decomposer, consumer

c)

consumer, producer, decomposer

d)

decomposer, producer, consumer

37.

Organisms that make their own food are called ___.

Organisms that eat other organisms to gain energy are called ___.

a)

carnivores, herbivores

b)

heterotrophs, autotrophs

c)

autotrophs, heterotrophs

d)

herbivores, carnivores

38.

The blue line on the graph shows the rabbit population, and the red line shows the wolf population. Which statement about the graph is true?

a)

When the wolf population begins to increase, the rabbit population begins to decrease.

b)

When the rabbit population is at its lowest, the wolf population is also at its lowest.

c)

When the rabbit population is at its highest, the wolf population is also at its highest.

d)

When the wolf population begins to increase, the rabbit population also begins to increase.

39.

In this food web, how many different organisms feed on the producer?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

40.

which number on the diagram below sows the level of secondary consumers?

a)

3

b)

2

c)

1

41.

Match the following!

a)

Second level of the food chain

1.

Primary Consumers

b)

First level of the food chain

2.

Producers

c)

Third level of the food chain

3.

Secondary Consumers

d)

Fourth level of the food chain

4.

Tertiary Consumers

e)

Fifth level of the food chain

5.

Quaternary Consumers

42.

Enchanted Rock State Natural Area is located in central Texas. Enchanted Rock is a dome of granite. The area consists of four easily identifiable communities. The table describes the characteristics of each type of community in the area.


A student studying primary succession should focus on which of these communities?

a)

Open oak woodland

b)

Mesquite grassland

c)

Floodplain

d)

Granite rock

43.

Match the following

a)

Decomposer

1.

This is an organism that breaks down and gains nutrients from dead organisms.

b)

Predator

2.

This is an animal that lives by preying on other animals.

c)

Producer

3.

This is an organism that supplies matter and energy, also known as an autotroph.

d)

Consumer

4.

This is an organism that relies on other organisms for its food and energy supply; heterotroph

e)

Parasite

5.

This is an organism which feeds on, but usually does not kill, a larger organism

44.
Which of the following add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
a)
volcanoes
b)
combustion of fossil fuels
c)
animal and plant respiration
d)
all of these
45.
What is happening at 1?
a)
respiration: releasing CO2
b)
decomposing CO2 in the soil
c)
photosynthesis: absorbing CO2
d)
turning CO2 from the atmosphere into organic molecules
46.
How much of the atmosphere is composed of nitrogen gas?
a)
87%
b)
38%
c)
78%
d)
21%
47.
Why do all organisms need nitrogen?
a)
To live and grow 
b)
To build phosphorus
c)
To make oxygen levels grow
d)
To help blood circulate better
48.
How nitrogen is "fixed" into useable form for plants
a)
only through action of bacteria
b)
only through lightning
c)
through action of bacteria & lightning
d)
through photosynthesis
49.
When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.
a)
Water
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Sun
d)
Air
50.
Which one of these does not add CO2 to the atmosphere?
a)
cooking with gas
b)
planting trees
c)
burning wood
d)
riding in a bus
51.
How do  animals get nitrogen?
a)
the atmosphere 
b)
eating other organisms
c)
bacteria
d)
lightning 
52.

What process converts nitrogen gas into a biologically useful (fixed) form?

a)

Respiration

b)

Assimilation

c)

Denitrification

d)

Nitrogen fixation

53.

Which organisms play the largest role in converting nitrogen into various usable forms and back to a gas form?

a)

rabbits

b)

bacteria

c)

plants

d)

worms

54.

Which gas is most abundant in the atmosphere?

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

methane

c)

nitrous oxide

d)

nitrogen gas

55.

The process that releases carbon and nitrogen into the soil through decay is...

a)

erosion

b)

photosynthesis

c)

decomposition

d)

assimilation

56.

Why do heterotrophs need nitrogen?

a)

to build proteins

b)

to get energy

c)

to conduct cell processes

d)

to absorb excess nitrogen from the soil

57.
1. What is an adaptation?
a)
A feature or behavior that helps an animal survie.
b)
The food that an animal eats.
c)
How energy moves in a food web.
58.
A wasp beetle has the same body markings as a wasp.  this helps the wasp beetle because predators think it's a wasp.  This adaptation is called...?
a)
behavior
b)
countershading
c)
camouflage
d)
mimicry
59.

A bee receives nectar from a flower and carries the pollen to other flowers:

a)

predation

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

60.

Mistletoe grows and spreads on trees, taking their nutrients:

a)

predation

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

61.

What would happen within a few months after the formation of a volcanic island?

a)

pioneer species would grow

b)

no pioneer species would grow

c)

trees and large plants would grow

d)

rich, organic soil would be present

62.

What would be a good example of a primary consumer?

a)

carnivore

b)

detrivore

c)

decomposer

d)

herbivore

63.

Which organisms would be at the top or last trophic level?

a)

plant

b)

herbivore

c)

omnivore

d)

carnivore

64.

The monkey would be a

a)

decomposer

b)

producer

c)

primary consumer

d)

secondary consumer

65.

Introduced species disrupt ecosystems because they are a/an

a)

Keystone Species

b)

Endemic Species

c)

Invasive Species

d)

Native Species

66.

Which is an example of where primary succession could occur?

a)

a glacier melts and exposes new rocks

b)

natural fire burns a prairie

c)

a corn field is abandoned and left to overgrow

d)

flood covers a piece of land

67.

Barnacles do not affect whales as they grow, but receive the benefit of a food source. This is

a)

parasitism

b)

mutualism

c)

commensalism

d)

neutralism

68.

Mice might grow in population and destroy the community by eating all of the berry bushes if

a)

wolves and snakes were removed from the food web

b)

another predator migrated in to the community

c)

the snake population grew

d)

none of these

69.

These organisms are often not shown in a food chain, but are important for recycling nutrients

a)

producers

b)

decomposers

c)

primary consumers

d)

carnivores

70.

Which event would not cause secondary succession?

a)

forest fire

b)

flooding of a valley

c)

volcanic lava flow

d)

tornado

71.

A lion that eats a zebra that eats grass is a

a)

primary consumer

b)

secondary consumer

c)

tertiary consumer

d)

quaternary consumer

72.

90% of the energy that gets lost as you move up a food pyramid or chain gets lost as

a)

pollution to the environment

b)

heat to the environment

c)

energy for decomposers

d)

gets recycled

73.

What percentage of energy is passed on to the next trophic level?

a)

5%

b)

10%

c)

50%

d)

90%

74.
An example of a behavioral adaptation is
a)
The long neck of a giraffe
b)
Penguins huddling together for warmth
c)
A camel's hump used to store water
d)
A polar bear's white fur used for camouflage
75.
An example of a physical adaptation is...
a)
a turtle hiding inside its shell
b)
The spikes on a porcupine fish
c)
a rabbit burrowing underground
d)
a viper biting when threatened

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