WorksheetsU1 History
Total questions: 42
Worksheet time: 24mins
What is psychology the scientific study of?
Behavior and mental processes
Historical events and figures
Physical health and diseases
Plants and animals
What does behavior refer to in psychology?
Any action or reaction that can be observed
The study of the mind
The analysis of dreams
The structure of the brain
How can mental processes be observed?
Directly, through conversation
Indirectly, as they cannot be directly observed
Through physical examination
By measuring intelligence
What is the goal of DESCRIBE in the context of psychological study?
To apply psychological knowledge to promote desired goals
To explain why a behavior or mental process occurred
To predict the conditions under which future behavior or mental process is likely to occur
To describe particular behaviors by naming, classifying, and measuring them
What does EXPLAIN aim to achieve in psychological study?
To describe particular behaviors by naming, classifying, and measuring them
To explain why a behavior or mental process occurred
To predict the conditions under which future behavior or mental process is likely to occur
To apply psychological knowledge to promote desired goals
What is the purpose of PREDICT in the context of psychological study?
To describe particular behaviors by naming, classifying, and measuring them
To explain why a behavior or mental process occurred
To predict the conditions under which future behavior or mental process is likely to occur
To apply psychological knowledge to promote desired goals
What is the goal of APPLY in the context of psychological study?
To describe particular behaviors by naming, classifying, and measuring them
To explain why a behavior or mental process occurred
To predict the conditions under which future behavior or mental process is likely to occur
To apply psychological knowledge to promote desired goals and prevent unwanted behaviors
Who is known for introducing the idea of tabula rasa in 1690?
Hippocrates
Wilhelm Wundt
John Locke
Franz Josef Gall
What did Hippocrates argue for around 430 BCE?
The functionalist model
Phrenology
Four temperaments of personality
The psychodynamic perspective
In what year did Wilhelm Wundt inaugurate the first psychology laboratory?
1807
1879
1895
1905
What was the main focus of Mary Calkins' work in 1905?
Intelligence testing
Memory
Animal spirits
Phrenology
Which year marks the beginning of Gestalt psychology becoming influential?
1637
1800
1915
1920
Who published "Principles of Psychology" in 1890?
Sigmund Freud
Ivan Pavlov
William James
Franz Josef Gall
For what contribution did Ivan Pavlov win the Nobel Prize in 1904?
Developing the functionalist model
Work on phrenology
Work on memory
Work on principles of learning
According to the pre-history section, what philosophical view did Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle share regarding the mind and body?
Monism: Mind and body are one
Humours: Sanguine, choleric, melancholia, phlegm
Dualism: mind and body are two separate parts
Empirically: Humans should be observed rather than applying theories or logic
Who among the following believed in the concept of 'Tabula Rasa' or Blank Slate?
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Locke
Which of the following best represents Rene Descartes' view on mental functioning?
The brain and heart are equally important for mental functioning.
The senses are always reliable and should be trusted.
Organs other than the brain are the location of mental functioning.
The brain is the location of mental functioning and the senses can deceive.
What is the view called that suggests humans should be observed empirically rather than applying theories or logic?
Dualism
Monism
Empiricism
Humourism
Which of the following sets of humours were recognized by medical practitioners in pre-history?
Blood, water, air, fire
Sanguine, choleric, melancholia, phlegm
Love, hate, joy, sadness
Earth, wind, fire, water
Who established a lab at Cornell University and taught students to use introspection to identify the most basic components of conscious experience?
William James
G Stanley Hall
Edward Titchener
Margaret Floy Washburn
What was the main focus of study for functionalists led by William James?
The structure of conscious experience
The purpose (function) of behavior
Evolutionary theories in psychology
The process of earning a doctorate degree in psychology
Who was the first female president of the American Psychological Association (APA)?
Margaret Floy Washburn
Mary Whiton Calkins
Edward Titchener
G Stanley Hall
What is Margaret Floy Washburn known for in the field of psychology?
What was G Stanley Hall's role in the APA?
He was the first male president of the APA
He was the first president of the APA
He was a student of Edward Titchener
He was a proponent of structuralism
According to Gestalt psychology, as opposed to structuralism, how do psychologists focus on perception?
By dividing the object under study into a set of elements
By focusing on how we construct "perceptual wholes"
By analyzing the object's function in the environment
By studying the object's impact on behavior
Which of the following is NOT one of the principles of Gestalt theory of visual perception?
Similarity
Continuation
Closure
Randomness
What does the Gestalt principle of figure/ground refer to?
The tendency to perceive objects that are close to each other as part of the same grouping
The preference for continuity and smoothness in visual elements
The perception of objects as being in the foreground or background
The ability to recognize figures and objects even when they are incomplete
Which Gestalt principle suggests that elements that are similar to each other tend to be perceived as a unified group?
Law of Similarity
Law of Proximity
Law of Continuity
Law of Closure
What is the Law of Pragnanz also known as?
Law of Symmetry
Law of Good Figure
Law of Common Region
Law of Connectedness
According to Freud, the mind is divided into how many components?
Two
Three
Four
Five
What are the three components of the mind as proposed by Freud?
Conscious, Subconscious, and Unconscious
Id, Ego, and Superego
Sensation, Perception, and Intuition
Analysis, Synthesis, and Evaluation
What is the general definition of psychodynamic theory?
The theory that behavior is influenced by genetic factors
The theory that behavior is determined by conscious choices
The theory that forces outside of a person's awareness explain why they behave the way they do
The theory that behavior is a result of reinforcement and punishment
What is repression according to the information provided?
The conscious enhancement of pleasant emotions
The deliberate forgetting of information
The unconscious blocking of unpleasant emotions, impulses, memories, and thoughts from your conscious mind
The transfer of feelings from one target to another
Behaviorism focuses on the idea that behaviors are learned through interaction with what?
Genetic predisposition
Independent study
The environment
Abstract thinking
Who studied the behavior of dogs and developed a theory of classical conditioning?
Skinner
Freud
Pavlov
Watson
Skinner's learning theory states that human behavior conditioning finally leads to what?
Cognitive dissonance
Classical conditioning
Human behavior conditioning
Operant conditioning
According to Skinner, what is the sequence that leads to human behavior conditioning?
Stimulus → Response → Reinforcement
Response → Stimulus → Reinforcement
Reinforcement → Stimulus → Response
Response → Reinforcement → Stimulus
What does the humanistic approach in psychology emphasize?
Unconscious conflicts and no control
Behaviors learned through reinforcement
Self-actualization, positive human qualities, and free will
Social and cultural influences on behavior and mental processes
According to the cognitive approach in psychology, what controls behavior?
Genetic predispositions
Mental processes through memories, perceptions, and thinking
Inappropriate conditioning or modeling
Blocked personal growth
Which approach to psychology is interested in the biological processes that underlie thought, feeling, and emotion?
Sociocultural
Humanistic
Cognitive
Biological
What does the sociocultural approach in psychology examine?
Faulty thinking
Exaggerated form of an adaptive reaction
Unconscious, unresolved conflicts
How social and cultural environments influence behavior and mental processes
According to the behavioral approach, how are behaviors explained?
As being learned through reinforcement
As a result of unconscious conflicts
Through self-actualization and free will
By examining the biological processes
