WorksheetsAP Physics 2 Ultimate Review
Total questions: 84
Worksheet time: 54mins
Container A has a sample of gas A, while container B has a sample of gas B. The atoms of both gases currently have the same average speed, but the molecules of gas B have a greater molar mass than the molecules of gas A. What can be concluded about the temperatures?
Gas A & gas B are the same temperature
Gas A has a greater temperature
Gas B has a greater temperature
Cannot be determined without knowing the number of molecules in each container
Two capacitors are wired in series as shown. The circuit has reached steady state. A student measures the charge on the 4 μF and finds it a non-zero +Q0.
How does Kirchhoff's loop rule apply to this circuit?
It doesn't, it only applies to circuits with batteries
The two capacitors will have potential differences equal in magnitude
The voltage drop across the 2 μF will be twice that of the voltage drop across the 4 μF
There is a voltage drop in the wire itself equal to the voltage drop in the capacitors
Capacitors do not have voltage drops across them
Two capacitors are wired in series as shown. The circuit has reached steady state. A student measures the charge on the 4 μF and finds it a non-zero +Q0.
What is the magnitude of charge on the 2 μF capacitor?
0.5Q0
Q0
2Q0
4Q0
0
A convex mirror has a focal located 0.3 m behind it. If you place an object 0.5 m in front of the mirror, where is the image formed?
0.2 in front of the mirror
0.32 m in front of the mirror
0.19 m behind the mirror
0.45 behind the mirror
The current through resistor X is measured to be 4 A and the current through resistor Y is 1 A. What is the current through resistor Z?
4 A
3 A
1 A
Cannot be determined without knowing more values
A, B, C, and D represent processes by which an electron drops to a lower orbit. Which process will result in the greatest frequency of photon emitted?
A
B
D
They all emit the same frequency
A chef grabs a hot pan and burns his hand. By what primary process did the heat transfer into his hand?
(a)
A sealed container of gas is originally at temperature 200 K. It is taken through an isochoric process, in which the pressure triples. What is the new temperature, in Kelvin?
The blue represents a current carrying wire, while the grey represents the magnetic field around the wire. What direction is the current?
To the right
To the left
The direction of current has no bearing on the magnetic field's formation
What defines an adiabatic process?
Q = 0
W = 0
ΔU = 0
PV = 0
A light ray passes from air into material A with an angle of incidence of θi and an angle of refraction of θRA.
Another light ray passes from air into material B with the same angle of incidence, θi. If material B has a greater index of refraction than material A (nB > nA), how will the angle of refraction in B, θRB, compare to θRA?
θRB = θRA
θRB < θRA
θRB > θRA
Cannot be determined without knowing actual values
A student is attempting to find the current through the 2 ohm resistor. They wire the ammeter as shown. What can be concluded?
The current through the 2 ohm resistor will be essentially zero
The ammeter will correctly measure the current through the 2 ohm resistor
The ammeter will read a current of 0 for its current position
This is a measure of the total magnetic field through a given area (such as a loop of wire or plane of metal).
(a)
A photon is traveling in a vacuum at (a) when it hits a chunk of plastic. Inside of the plastic, the velocity of the photon is (b)
Two spheres, A and B, are made of conducting material. Sphere A has a positive charge, sphere B is neutral. They are tapped together, then separated. What must be true after?
Both spheres are positively charged
Both spheres are neutrally charged
Sphere A is negatively charged, sphere B neutral
Sphere A is negatively charged, sphere B is positively charged
A diverging lens has an a focal at distance D. The object is placed 3D away from the mirror. The image produced will be...
Real, upside down
Real, rightside up
Virtual, upside down
Virtual, rightside up
A sealed container of gas is floating in the dead of space. The container initially has a temperature of 400 K. The internal energy of the gas drops over time. Is this due to Q or W, and by what process?
−Q, due to radiation
−Q, due to convection
−W, due to conduction
−W, due to external forces
A student deposits a negative charge on the surface of a balloon. They then bring this balloon near, but not touching, a conductive, uncharged sphere. What will they observe?
The balloon will pull on the sphere due to polarization
The balloon with push the sphere away due to polarization
The balloon will not push or pull on the sphere
Electrons on the balloon will travel through air into the sphere and they will then repulse each other
If a positive charge is placed in the electric field shown, what will be the direction of the electric force on it?
To the right
To the left
Out of the page
No electric force because it is not moving
Into the page
An electron can be modeled as a particle in stable, circular orbit around the atomic nucleus. What force is acting as the centripetally directed force, keeping the electron in orbit?
The force of gravity
The electric force
The strong force
The weak force
A student takes measurements of the pressure within a container and the force on its piston. If the student plots force as a function of pressure (F on the y, P on the x), what will be the slope?
The area of the piston
The inverse of the area of the piston (1 / A)
The density of the gas multiplied by g
The density of the gas divided by g
A student measures the pressure in a tall container of liquid as a function of depth. (Pressure on y, depth on x) If atmospheric pressure is not negligible, then the slope will be (a) the y-intercept will be (b)
This diagram shows the Compton effect. A high energy photon collides with an electron that was at rest. Afterward, the electron has a non-zero velocity. What must have happened to the photon's frequency?
Its frequency is greater after the collision
Its frequency is the same after the collision
Its frequency is lesser after the collision
A student takes measurements of the current through and the voltage drop across a light bulb. Their measurements are shown in the graph.
What is a reasonable conclusion?
The resistance of the light bulb increases as the voltage increased
The bulb decreased in brightness as the current increased
This light bulb is non-ohmic
The resistance of the bulb is exactly 6 ohms
This is an 1 / s0 versus 1 / si for a mirror. Select all that can be determined or calculated with this graph.
The focal length
Whether the mirror is concave or convex
The average wavelength of light from the source
The height of the object
This graph shows an isochoric process. Which of these experimentally procedures would create the process shown?
Place a room temperature sealed jar of gas in a freezer. Hold the volume constant
Place a room temperature sealed jar of gas above a fire. Hold the volume constant
Compress a container of gas quickly so its volume decreases
Place a room temperature sealed jar of gas above a fire. Allow the volume to increase as it heats
A student has a circuit consisting of a variable voltage supply, an ammeter, and two identical resistors, all wired in series. The student records the ammeter's data with the voltage at 5 V, 10 V, and 15 V.
According to this data, which is shown on the graph, what is the resistance of one of the resistors?
0.1 ohms
0.2 ohms
0.4 ohms
5 ohms
2.5 ohms
A neutron is traveling through the magnetic field that is directed downwards, as shown. The velocity of the neutron is leftwards. What is the direction of the neutron's magnetic force, if not zero?
Out of the page
Into the page
Upwards
It does not experience a magnetic force (FM = 0)
Downwards
During the process of kinetic friction, Object A becomes negatively charged. What happened during this process?
Electrons were transferred to object A
Electrons were transferred from object A
Protons were transferred to object A
Protons were transferred from object A
Electrons were transferred to object A, and protons were taken from it
At the moment shown, this negative charge is experiencing a magnetic force of magnitude F0. If it was located twice as far from the wire (with the same charge and velocity), what would be its magnetic force?
0.5F0
F0
2F0
0.25F0
Element X has a half-life of 6 hour. What is the probability that one atom of element X does NOT decay over the course of one day?
50%
25%
12.5%
6.25%
3.13%
A scientist has 500 g of element Y. Eight days later, there is approximately 127 g left. What is the approximate half-life of element Y?
4 days
8 days
2 days
16 days
1 day
A charged capacitor currently has a potential difference of V0 across its plates. If the battery of the circuit was to be changed such the potential difference becomes 3V0, then the electric potential energy stored in this capacitor...
Multiplies by 3
Multiplies by 9
Multiplies by 1/3
Multiplies by 1/9
The blue dots represent the path of a charged molecule after it entered the magnetic field shown. The molecule enters on the left of the field, with a initial velocity directed to the right. Is this a negatively or positively charged molecule?
Negatively charged
Positively charged
No way to determine
What variable has the units of Coulombs?
Voltage, V
Charge, Q
Current, I
Electric Field, E
Electric Energy, U
Green light has a wavelength of 550 nm in a vacuum. What is its frequency?
5.45 x 1014 Hz
5.45 x 105 Hz
1.65 x 1011 Hz
165 Hz
I take a sealed plastic water bottle, which just has air in it, and squeeze it such that its volume decreases significantly. What happens to the internal energy of the gas within the bottle and why?
It does not change as no Q or W is done
It increases due to +W
It decreases due to −W
It increases due to +Q
It decreases due to −Q
The lens in your eyeball is what kind of lens and what kind of images form at the retina of a normal eyeball?
Converging lens, real images are formed on the retina
Diverging lens, real images are formed at the retina
Converging lens, virtual images are formed on the retina
Diverging lens, virtual images are formed on the retina
A vertical wire has an upwards current, as shown. A negative charge is located to the right of the wire and is moving to the right. What direction, if not zero, will the magnetic force act on the negative charge?
Upwards
Downwards
FM = 0
Into the page
Out of the page
A vertical wire has a downwards current, as shown. A negative charge is located to the right of the wire and is moving upwards. What direction, if not zero, will the magnetic force act on the negative charge?
FM = 0
To the right
To the left
Into the page
Out of the page
This is a concave lens. It is also called a
A sealed container of gas is brought through the process ABCA, as shown. Calculate the work done to the gas through this process, in joules. Include a negative symbol if the work done is negative.
A student has a concave mirror. They go outside on a sunny day. They observe that there is a hot spot 25 cm above the mirror, where the light rays from the sun converge.
What is the focal length, in meters?
Which of the following rays have wavelengths in between microwaves and ultraviolet light? Select all that do.
Radio waves
Infrared
Visible light
Gamma rays
X-rays
How much photon energy would an electron need to absorb to jump from n = 1 up to n = 2?
7 eV
4 eV
8 x 10-19 J
11.2 x 10-19 J
A student has a converging lens, a light source, and a screen. The image shows their experimental set-up. How do they "find" the real image?
Adjust the screen until the image is sharp
Adjust the screen until it is located on the focal
Adjust the screen until you cannot see the image at all
You cannot find a real image using an experimental set-up like this
The arrows here represent the electric field between parallel plates X and Y. If an electron is placed at point B and released, what direction will it travel?
Downwards
Upwards
To the right
To the left
Sphere A and sphere B have the same charge of +Q0 and are a distance of r0. They experience an electric force of F0. If the charge on sphere A is doubled and it is moved such that it is now 2r0 from sphere B, what is the new electric force on sphere B?
0.5F0
F0
2F0
4F0
0.25F0
Which of the following have greater energy than ultraviolet light? Select all that do.
Gamma rays
X-rays
Microwaves
Visible light
Infrared
Which state is considered "ground state" and is it a high energy or an low energy state for the electron?
n = 1, low energy
n = 1, high energy
n = 4, low energy
n = 4, high energy
The picture represents a parallel plate capacitor. The arrows are the electric field. Which plate is negatively charged?
Plate X
Plate Y
Both plates are positively charged
Neither plate has any charge
Resistor A has a total resistance of R0. What is the resistance of resistor B, in terms of R0, if it has three times the resistivity, twice the length, and twice the area?
R0
3R0
4R0
12R0
0.75R0
Both sphere A and sphere B are negatively charged. Sphere A has three times of the magnitude of charge as compared to sphere B. Which sphere experiences a greater electric force when brought close (but not touching)?
Sphere A
Sphere B
Neither, the FE is equal in magnitude
Neither, they do not experience an FE
Which light color has the greater wavelength?
Red
Blue
Green
Yellow
Scientists are studying a nucleus decay reaction. They notice that the reactions have 100 u less mass than the products. If the scientists want to know the energy released in joules by this process, what should they do?
Convert u to kg, then use E = mc2
Convert u to kg, then use K = 0.5mv2
Use E = mc2, no conversions necessary
Energy released cannot be calculated using mass with the units of u
Use E = mc2, then multiply by 1.66
If a piece of metal has a work function of φ, which of the following correctly derives for the minimum wavelength for incoming photons to cause electron ejection? Assume the metal and photons are located in a vacuum.
hcφ
hc / φ
φ / hc
hφ / c
c / (hφ)
A & B represent two point charges. One line of the electric field between them is shown. Based on this one line, which charge is positive?
Charge A
Charge B
They are both positive
They are both negative
Cannot be determined
According to Louis de Broglie's particle-wave duality, electron behavior can be modeled as a wave. If this electron is stable in orbit with 4 complete wavelengths around its nucleus, then its radius is equal to...
3λ / π
2λπ
2λ / π
4λπ
If stored charge on a capacitor plate is plotted as a function of potential difference across the plates, what is the slope?
Capacitance
1 / Capacitance
The distance between the plates
1 / the distance between the plates
Which light color has a greater frequency?
Red
Blue
Orange
Green
A circuit consists of a battery of voltage V0 and two capacitors, of capacitance C0 and 2C0, wired in parallel. If the circuit is at a steady state, how does the voltage drop across the C0 capacitor compare to the voltage drop across the 2C0?
Voltage drop is greater across C0
Voltage drop is greater across 2C0
The voltage drop is the same across the capacitors
Capacitors at steady state have zero potential difference across them
A UV ray has a wavelength of 300 nm in a vacuum. How many eVs of energy are in one photon of UV light? Round to two decimal place.
A circuit consists of a battery of voltage V0 and two capacitors, of capacitance C0 and 2C0, wired in parallel. If the circuit is at a steady state, how does the stored charge in the C0 capacitor compare to the stored charge in the 2C0?
Stored charge is greater in C0
Stored charge is greater in 2C0
The stored charge is the same the capacitors
Capacitors at steady state do not store charge
Two current carrying wires run parallel to each other and are distance of R apart, as shown. The top wire has a current directed to the left while the bottom wire has a current to the right. The magnitudes of current are identical.
How does the magnetic field at point A, located 0.5R above the top wire, compared to the magnetic field at point B, located 0.5R below the top wire?
The magnetic field is about equal in magnitude in each location
The magnetic field is non-zero at point A and zero at point B
The magnetic field is zero at both locations
The magnetic field is about twice as strong at point B than at point A
The magnetic field at point B is about 1/4 the strength as compared to point A
An electron with a velocity directed to the east enters a magnetic field with a magnetic field directed into the page. Which of the following most accurately describes the motion of the electron after it enters the field?
Curve towards the North
Curve towards the South
Curve out of the page
Slow down and eventually stop
Speed up but continue moving due east
The C0 capacitor in this diagram is currently storing Q0 charge at steady state. If it was replaced with another capacitor, with plates of twice the area and 1/4 the distance apart, how much more charge would be stored at steady state?
0.25Q0
0.5Q0
Q0
2Q0
8Q0
The two capacitors seen here have the same plate area and the same distance between their plates. What, therefore, must be different?
The 2C0 capacitor must be made with a material of greater dielectric constant
The C0 capacitor must be made with a material of greater dielectric constant
The 2C0 capacitor must be made with more conductive plates
The C0 capacitor must be made with more conductive plates
An electron is currently traveling in a perfectly circular motion. What could explain this?
It has a velocity parallel to the magnetic field it is in
It has a velocity perpendicular to the magnetic field it is in
It has a charge opposite to the electric potential its in
It has a charge that is the same as the electric potential it is in
What feature best defines an ohmic resistor?
Constant current
Constant voltage drop
Constant resistance
Constant power
Two identical cubes, both of volume s3 and mass m, are fully submerged in the ocean. One cube is located 50 m below the surface of the water and the other is located 100 m below. If both cubes are released from rest, which has a greater net force acting upon it immediately after release?
The cube that is 50 meters deep
The cube that is 100 meters deep
The net forces on the cubes are identical
Which has a greater net force cannot be determined without knowing more values
A molecule of catinum has a mass of 4.0 x 10-25 kg. It is traveling with a velocity of 500 m/s. It then undergoes gamma decay. the emitted photon has a frequency of 1.5 x 1013 Hz.
What is the approximate new velocity of the catinum?
612.8 m/s
447.5 m/s
250 m/s
390.5 m/s
0
A bar magnet is oriented as shown. Four points have been identified on the bar magnet. Which of the following correctly pairs the points where the magnetic field is pointing in the same direction?
A & B
B & C
A & C & D
A & D
C & D
A sealed container of gas is taken from A to B. The container is square in shape, with sides length L. If the top of the container originally experienced a force of F at A, what is the new force experienced by the container at B?
(7/2)F
3F
11F
105F
2F
Consider the three circuits. All bulbs (yellow and orange) have identical resistances of R. Which correctly ranks the voltage drops for the orange bulbs in each circuit, in magnitude?
A = C > B
A > B > C
C > B > A
A = B = C
A = B > C
Consider the three circuits. All bulbs have identical resistances of R. Which correctly ranks the equivalent resistances for each circuit, from greatest to least?
C < A < B
A = B > C
B > A > C
A = C > B
B > A = C
Solve for power, in terms of current and resistance.
P = IR
P = I / R
P = I2 / R2
P = I2R
P = R
Consider the three circuits. All bulbs (yellow and orange) have identical resistances of R. Will any of the orange bulbs have the same amount of current traveling through them?
No, they will all have different amounts of current
The orange bulbs in A and B will have the same current
The orange bulbs in B and C will have the same current
The orange bulbs in A and C will have the same current
The amount of current is the same in all three orange bulbs
The greater the power use of a light bulb, the greater the..
frequency
resistance
brightness
radioactive decay
Intensity is the same thing as frequency.
True
False
A laser beam is incident on a piece of metal with work function ϕ with frequency great enough to cause electron ejection. Which of the following options will result an increase in kinetic energy of the ejected energies? Select all that would do this.
Move the light source closer to the metal
Increase the frequency of the light
Increase the intensity of the light
Swap for a metal with a greater work function
Swap for a metal with a lesser work function
An object is located in front of a mirror. Based on the information about object distance & whether the image is virtual or real, select the correct assumptions (select as many as are true).
This is a concave mirror
This is a convex mirror
The focal is somewhere between 7 cm and 6 cm
The focal is at exactly 6 cm
For all of these data points, the image was upright
A sealed container of gas is taken from A to B. If the temperature at A was T, what is the temperature at B?
5T
1.7T
0.33T
75T
3T
Point charge A has a charge of +2Q. Point charge B has a charge of +Q. Point P is located directly in between these two charges. Which of the following must be true? Select all that are true.
The electric field at P is zero.
The electric potential at point P is positive & non-zero
The electric potential at point P is negative & non-zero
A positive charge placed at point P would experience a net force to the right.
A positive charge placed at point P would experience a net force to the left.
A gas is brought from A to B. How much work done by this process in joules? If the work was negative, include a negative symbol.
