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WorksheetsMega Unit 4 Review US History
Total questions: 126
Worksheet time: 1hrs 4mins
What year is considered the start of the Great Depression?
1920
1933
1914
1929
Who was President of the USA from 1923 - 1929 and vetoed bills that would help farmers overcome their economic recession?
Calvin Coolidge
Herbert Hoover
Warren Harding
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Who was the President of the United States at the start of the Great Depression?
Calvin Coolidge
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Thomas Edison
Herbert Hoover
What was the impact of World War I on the US economy?
Boosted the economy tremendously
Caused a decline in the economy
Led to high unemployment
Had no impact on the economy
What was the major cause of the Great Depression?
Overproduction and underconsumption
Laissez-faire capitalism
Growth of consumerism
High tariffs in other countries
Which industry saw a huge growth period in the 1920s before the stock market crash?
Automobile industry
Agriculture industry
Steel industry
Electricity industry
Which of these governmental policies did the US perform in relation to international trade after World War I?
Intervened in the direction of the economy
Imposed high tariffs on goods imported into the USA
Encouraged foreign competition
Promoted laissez-faire capitalism
What was the main reason for the growth of consumerism in the 1920s?
Decrease in middle-class incomes
Rise of labor unions
Decrease in industrial output
Availability of electricity in households
What was the impact of the stock market crash on the Great Depression? (3 correct answer choices)
Led to banks collapsing
Had no impact on the Depression
Was a major cause of the Depression itself
Made the Great Depression happen more quickly
What was a warning sign of the impending Crash in the 1920s?
High wages compared to the cost of living
Stable monetary system based on the gold standard
Decrease in poverty in the poorest areas
Wealth becoming concentrated in fewer hands
What was the impact of overproduction and oversupply on the US economy?
Caused a decline in the economy
Had no impact on the economy
Boosted the economy tremendously
Led to high unemployment
What was the Dust Bowl and how did it impact the Great Depression?
It was a period of severe dust storms causing major ecological and agricultural damage, worsening the Great Depression
It was a period of economic prosperity that helped to end the Great Depression
It was a period of severe dust storms but had no significant impact on the Great Depression
It was a period of increased agricultural production that helped to mitigate the effects of the Great Depression
What was the impact of the Great Depression on the global economy?
It had no significant impact on the global economy
It led to a global economic boom
It led to a global economic downturn
It led to an increase in global trade
People make money in the stock market by buying stocks and ________.
selling them for lower prices
selling them for higher prices
never selling them
all of the above
Many Americans hoped to strike it rich through the stock market
True
False
Ignoring risks, buying stocks and selling them in a short time to make a quick profit
Speculation
Black Tuesday
Buying of the margin
Bull Market
What president presided over the first stage of the Great Depression from 1929-1933?
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Herbert Hoover
Harry S. Truman
Dwight D. Eisenhower
What do some historians argue was the cause of the Great Depression?
A single event that could have been prevented
Long-term, deep-rooted factors beyond any immediate control
A brief economic downturn
A planned economic reset
Which of the following was NOT listed as a key factor that played a role in the Great Depression?
Decline in agriculture
Overproduction in industry
A robust banking system
The failure of the stock market system
What was one of the economic issues that contributed to the Great Depression according to the text?
Excessive investment in new means of production
Lack of investment and too much money going into speculation
Balanced trade between countries
Efficient agricultural practices
What economic phenomenon is described as prices dropping in manufacturing and agriculture, which discouraged investment and led to the economy shrinking?
Inflation
Deflation
Stagflation
Hyperinflation
Which of these groups would have been especially hit hard when they lost all their savings in the stock market crash after banks failed?
Young entrepreneurs
Government officials
Retired people
Foreign investors
What action did the Federal government take in 1928 that affected investors?
The government lowered the national interest rate.
The government raised the national interest rate.
The government banned stock market investments.
The government introduced new taxes on shares.
How did the increase in the national interest rate in 1928 impact investors?
It encouraged more people to invest in the stock market.
It had no significant impact on investors' decisions.
It discouraged people from further investing and speculation.
It led to a rapid increase in the stock market value.
What was the effect of growing depressions in many industries before the Great Crash of October 1929?
It increased people's confidence in investing in the economy.
It made people more confident in speculating on the stock market.
It had no effect on people's confidence in the economy.
It made people less confident in investing in the economy.
What did many banks, insurance companies, and businesses do that was a short term cause of The Great Crash of October 1929?
They diversified their investments across various sectors.
They heavily speculated on the stock market to make a quick profit.
They focused on long-term investments in stable industries.
They withdrew all their funds from the stock market to avoid risks.
What happened on Wall Street in October 1929?
The stock market experienced a minor setback.
Shares increased in value by 40%.
Confidence collapsed and shares dropped by as much as 40% in a single day.
All financial institutions were strongly regulated.
Which statement best describes the regulation of financial institutions before the Great Crash of October 1929?
All financial institutions were under strict government control.
There was strong regulation preventing banks from speculating on the stock market.
There was no strong regulation stopping banks from speculating on the stock market with customers' savings.
Banks were not allowed to invest in the stock market at all.
What would happen if the bank lost money through unwise speculation during the Great Crash of October 1929?
The bank would receive government support.
The bank would simply go out of business and customers would lose all their money.
The bank would merge with another bank to avoid losses.
The bank would recover the money through insurance claims.
What happened on October 29th, 1929?
The stock market closed
1/3 of the value of all shares in the stock market dropped
All banks went bankrupt
The stock market hit its highest point
What percentage of US citizens owned stocks before The Great Crash of October 1929?
Less than 3%
About 25%
More than 50%
Nearly 10%
What happened to many people's life savings during The Great Crash of October 1929?
They were doubled due to government intervention.
They were lost due to banks and insurance companies speculating with their money.
They were safely secured in federal banks.
They were invested in new technological ventures.
Who was still president when the banking crisis worsened and received no help from Roosevelt?
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Herbert Hoover
Harry S. Truman
Dwight D. Eisenhower
How many states had banks closing in large amounts during the economic collapse?
22 states
32 states
42 states
52 states
What were banks that were still open doing during the banking crisis?
Offering more loans
Limiting the amount of cash people could take out
Increasing interest rates
Closing all accounts
Why was the New York stock exchange closed?
Due to a holiday
After Senate investigations revealed widespread corruption and incompetence
Because of a technical glitch
It was not closed
What percentage did unemployment peak at during the economic collapse?
10%
15%
25%
50%
Did the states have enough welfare money to aid most Americans during the economic collapse?
Yes, they had sufficient funds
No, they didn't have enough welfare money
Only a few states had enough money
The text does not provide this information
What were the consequences of the economic collapse according to the text?
Decrease in public gatherings
Improvement in living conditions
Rise in violent protests and hunger marches
Increase in employment rates
What was the fear of those in power at local and federal levels during the economic collapse?
That the economy would recover too quickly
That law and order might break down completely
That there would be an increase in foreign investments
That radical action would not be necessary
Why were people getting evicted during the economic collapse?
For participating in protests
For not paying their mortgages
For demanding higher wages
For not following the law
What were 'Hoovervilles' named to mock?
The economic policies of the Federal Reserve
The lack of radical action by then-president Herbert Hoover
The prosperity of the 1920s
The social welfare programs of the time
Approximately how many people were living in poverty out of 126 million during the Depression?
20-30 million
50-60 million
70-80 million
90-100 million
How many jobs were lost each week during the Depression, and which groups were fired first?
50,000 jobs, with immigrants and the elderly being fired first
75,000 jobs, with men and children being fired first
100,000 jobs, with women and blacks being fired first
125,000 jobs, with young adults and minorities being fired first
By what percentage did the average family income drop from 1929-1933?
20%
30%
40%
50%
What was one of the consequences for towns and cities as a result of mass unemployment?
They experienced a population boom.
They became popular tourist destinations.
They went bankrupt and were unable to provide any local government.
They received large subsidies from the government.
Franklin D. Roosevelt's understanding of the Great Depression included the blame on:
Only external issues like WW1
Only the decline in global trade
Only structural issues and failings of American institutions
Both structural issues and failings of American institutions as well as external issues like WW1 and decline in global trade
What did Roosevelt's campaign produce that helped him win over the people?
Fear and uncertainty
Optimism and hope
Confusion and doubt
Anger and frustration
What was one of the reasons FDR beat Hoover in the election?
FDR believed the Federal Government should not play a big role in the economy.
FDR's record as New York governor showed that he cared about the unemployed and underappreciated public.
Hoover promised to create Government Programs to help people.
Hoover started a variety of Government programs known as the 'New Deal.'
What was Herbert Hoover's belief regarding the Federal Government's role during the Great Depression?
The Federal Government should take action to end the Depression.
The Federal Government should play a big role in the economy.
The Federal Government should not play a big role in the economy.
The Federal Government should start a variety of programs known as the 'New Deal.'
Which statement best represents Franklin D. Roosevelt's view on the federal government's role in the economy?
Roosevelt felt that the federal government should not intervene in the economy.
Roosevelt felt that the federal government should have a smaller role in the economy.
Roosevelt felt that the federal government had a larger role to play in controlling the economy.
Roosevelt felt that the economy would improve on its own without government intervention.
Which areas of the economy did Roosevelt's teams focus on?
Technology, education, and healthcare
Farming, prices, jobs, welfare, and banking
Military, transportation, and communication
Trade, foreign policy, and urban development
What strategy did Roosevelt use to spread his message across to the people?
He focused solely on urbanization
He relied on the support of the Southern Democrats
He used the press and the radio
He ignored the divisions within the party
What was FDR's approach to dealing with the divisions within the Democrat Party?
He ignored the divisions
He worked tirelessly to bridge the gap between the factions
He sided with the Southern Democrats
He focused on the Northern Democrats' concerns only
Why couldn't Roosevelt exert the power he wanted as President?
Because he did not have public support.
Because of the limitations of Presidents under the US Constitution.
Because the Supreme Court opposed him.
Because he lacked control over the military.
What must happen for new laws to be enacted in the United States?
They must be approved by the President only.
They must pass through both chambers of Congress.
They must be ratified by all states.
They must be reviewed by the Supreme Court.
Which body can rule a law passed by the President as unconstitutional?
The Senate
The House of Representatives
The Supreme Court
The Vice President
What was the political composition of Congress during FDR's presidency that affected his limitations in presidential powers?
Majority Republican
Majority Democrat
Evenly split between Democrats and Republicans
Non-partisan
What was FDR's approach to his cabinet appointments?
He appointed only Democrats
He appointed only members from Northern cities
He appointed Republicans to show a united approach to solving the country's problems
He appointed members based on their financial status
Who was the first female cabinet member appointed by FDR?
Eleanor Roosevelt
Frances Perkins
Mary McLeod Bethune
Margaret Chase Smith
When did Roosevelt enter office, leading to the implementation of his First Hundred Days Policies?
January 1933
March 1933
December 1932
June 1933
What was the condition for banks to reopen after the bank holiday ordered by Roosevelt?
They had to be approved by the state government.
They had to be deemed 'healthy' by the Federal government.
They had to change their management.
They had to merge with larger banks.
What was the purpose of the Economy Act passed by Roosevelt?
To increase taxes on the wealthy.
To start new social welfare programs.
To balance the budget and cut government spending.
To nationalize the banking system.
By the end of June 1933, what had Roosevelt accomplished through Congress?
He had decreased the control of the government over the economy.
He had passed a small number of acts.
He had passed a large number of acts to regulate and control various aspects of the economy.
He had closed several banks permanently.
What happened to bank closures within weeks after FDR's first hundred days policies were implemented?
They increased significantly.
They remained the same.
They fell.
They were no longer reported.
What was the trend in stock prices and economic activity after the implementation of FDR's policies during the first hundred days?
Stock prices fell, and economic activity decreased.
Stock prices and economic activity remained stagnant.
Stock prices rose, and people began to spend again.
Stock prices rose, but economic activity continued to decline.
What did the Emergency Banking Act provide during FDR's First Hundred Days Policies?
It established a national healthcare system.
It gave the government greater powers over banking and promised that money put into banks would be insured by the government.
It reduced the powers of the Federal Reserve.
It privatized all banking institutions.
What was the purpose of the Economy Act as part of FDR's First Hundred Days Policies?
To increase taxes on the wealthy.
To deregulate the stock market.
To promise to balance the budget and control government spending, excluding spending on creating new relief programs.
To create a universal basic income.
What was the purpose of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) during FDR's First Hundred Days Policies?
To provide healthcare to farmers
To give powers to the federal government to regulate farming prices and production
To establish a federal minimum wage
To fund educational programs for farmers
What did the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) accomplish?
It provided free meals to school children
It reduced the prices of farm products
It employed over 300,000 men to work on conservation projects like building parks
It offered financial assistance to failing banks
What was the purpose of the Emergency Relief Administration according to the summary of FDR's First Hundred Days Policies?
To provide healthcare services
To give $3.1 Billion to states and local governments to create jobs for local projects
To establish new educational institutions
To fund scientific research
What did the National Industrial Recovery Act aim to achieve?
To decrease government intervention in industry
To promote international trade agreements
To enable government to regulate industry to ensure fair wages and prices
To privatize national industries
What was the purpose of the Public Works Administration as part of FDR's First Hundred Days Policies?
To regulate the stock market
To provide healthcare services
To create jobs by building infrastructure like dams, roads, schools, and hospitals
To oversee the banking system
What was the role of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) according to FDR's First Hundred Days Policies?
To provide financial assistance to farmers
To regulate the stock market to prevent future crashes
To create jobs for unemployed Americans
To manage public housing projects
What was the primary goal of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) as part of FDR's First Hundred Days Policies?
To provide military support to the poorest part of deep southern states
To specifically address the poorest part of deep southern states by providing cheap electricity, encourage industrial development, and modernize agricultural practices
To offer free housing to the poorest part of deep southern states
To establish a new currency system in the deep southern states
What was the purpose of the Home-Owners Loan Corporation as part of FDR's First Hundred Days Policies?
To provide new homes to people without any charge
To reduce the taxes for home-owners in the southern states
To give relief to people in danger of losing their homes through non-payment of mortgages
To construct new roads and infrastructure for homeowners
What was the purpose of the Glass-Steagall Banking Act as part of FDR's First Hundred Days Policies?
To deregulate the banking system
To tighten regulation of banks and prevent speculation
To provide unlimited insurance for all bank deposits
To privatize all national banks
Why did FDR lift Prohibition in America?
To increase government revenue through alcohol taxes
To restore moral support to those who wanted to legally drink again
To strengthen the enforcement of alcohol laws
To promote the production of domestic alcohol
What was the main reason that led to the end of Prohibition according to the slide?
The increase in alcohol consumption
The rise in public health issues
The corruption and criminal activities associated with the ban on alcohol
The demand for alcohol in international markets
How did Roosevelt view the actions taken to end Prohibition?
As permanent solutions to the economic problems
As unnecessary and ineffective
As essential yet temporary measures to restore confidence in the US economic system
As a way to promote his political career
Two years into President Roosevelt's first term, New Deal programs had created more than two million jobs, but more than 10 million American workers
could find only temporary employment
did not support Roosevelt
joined labor unions
remained unemployed
What prompted the launch of the Second New Deal?
Economic prosperity
High unemployment rates
Lack of government programs
What were the three major parts of the Social Security Act?
Old-age insurance, unemployment compensation, and aid to families with dependent children
Healthcare, education, and housing assistance
Military funding, infrastructure development, and foreign aid
A major criticism of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's programs to combat the Great Depression was that these programs
reduced the power of the federal government.
provided too much protection for big business.
ignored the plight of homeowners with mortgages.
made people dependent on the federal government.
Why was there opposition to the New Deal policies?
Because they were too successful
Due to concerns about increased government spending and power
Because they did not involve any social welfare programs
There was no opposition to the New Deal policies
What is one argument against Roosevelt's work according to the slides?
It had a significant economic impact
It saved American democracy
It did more harm than good to the economy
It strengthened individualism and free enterprise
What do critics argue about the increase in federal government power over the economy during Roosevelt's time?
It was beneficial for American values of individualism and free enterprise
It had no noticeable effect on American values
It was destructive to American values of individualism and free enterprise
It was essential for the survival of American democracy
What can the Supreme Court do if it finds a law or act of Congress unconstitutional?
Enforce the law more strictly
Request a public referendum
Rule the law or act as unconstitutional
Amend the law to make it constitutional
How long do justices of the Supreme Court serve?
For a 10-year term
Until they reach the age of 75
For life or until they resign/retire
For a 20-year term
What is required before the President can appoint new Justices to the Supreme Court?
Approval from the House of Representatives
A national election
Senate approval
A Supreme Court majority vote
When President Roosevelt took office, how were the existing Supreme Court justices appointed?
They were all appointed by him
They were all appointed by the previous president
They were all appointed by previous presidents
They were elected by the public
What was the outcome of the Supreme Court ruling in Poultry Corp v. United States?
The National Industrial Recovery Act regulations were upheld.
The owners of the chicken slaughterhouse were acquitted.
The Supreme Court ruled that the federal government did not have the power to make such regulations, effectively striking down the NIRA and the NRA.
The Supreme Court increased the fines for the owners of the chicken slaughterhouse.
In what year did the Supreme Court rule on Poultry Corp v. United States?
1930
1935
1940
1938
What did the Supreme Court say the Schechter Company had the right to do?
Pay its employees above the NRA's wage code
Comply with the NRA's code for the number of hours employees could work
Keep out government inspectors trying to prevent the company from selling diseased chickens
Increase the number of hours employees could work beyond the NRA's code
What was the outcome of the 1936 United States v. Butler case?
The Court ruled that the federal government had the power to regulate agriculture.
The Court ruled that the federal government had no power related to Agriculture regulations, which was a state power only.
The Court ruled that the federal government could set a minimum wage.
The Court ruled in favor of the Agricultural Adjustment Act without reservations.
What was the significance of the Morehead v. New York ruling?
It allowed the federal government to set a minimum wage.
It ruled that the federal government could not set a minimum wage.
It increased the power of the Agricultural Adjustment Act.
It had no significant impact on federal powers.
What year did a hotel employee in Washington State lose her job and demand backpay for minimum wages?
1935
1936
1937
1938
What did the Supreme Court rule regarding the Washington State minimum wage law?
It was unconstitutional and the state could not regulate wages.
It was constitutional and the state could regulate wages and the economy.
It was partially constitutional but needed amendments.
It was irrelevant to the state's power to regulate the economy.
What powers were given to the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) by Congress in 1937?
The power to regulate interstate commerce
The power to assist workers trying to join unions
The power to impose taxes on labor unions
The power to prevent workers from joining unions
What was the outcome when a steel company fired workers for joining a labor union?
The workers were permanently banned from the industry
The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the steel company
The Supreme Court upheld the rights of workers and supported New Deal legislation
The workers formed their own steel company
What happened by 1937 that reduced opposition from the Supreme Court towards the New Deal?
The Supreme Court was disbanded
New justices were appointed who supported the New Deal
All justices who opposed the New Deal resigned
Some justices retired and others moved to support the New Deal
What did Liberal Republicans feel Roosevelt needed to do to stimulate the economy?
Cut taxes for businesses
Spend much more money
Reduce government regulation
Balance the budget
What did Liberal Republicans want in terms of government regulation on business?
No government regulation
Less government regulation than Roosevelt wanted
More government regulation on all types of business
Only regulation on large corporations
How did the division within the Republican Party affect Franklin D. Roosevelt's (FDR's) political power?
It weakened FDR's position as president
It had no effect on FDR's political power
It helped FDR stay in power
It led to FDR's impeachment
What did intellectuals and academics want Roosevelt to do?
Reduce government regulation of utilities and banking
Expand the government to regulate life more like with utilities and banking
Privatize utilities and banking
Decrease the influence of government on thinking and government
How were communists viewed in the USA according to the slides?
They were seen as a large and influential group.
They were considered dangerous and un-American.
They were highly regarded and respected.
They were seen as the leading political party.
What did communists want the government to do, as mentioned in the text?
Promote individualism and freedom.
Control the economy and society overall.
Support capitalist ideals.
Reduce its involvement in economic matters.
What comparison did communists make regarding Roosevelt?
They compared him to American founding fathers.
They compared him to a capitalist leader.
They compared him to Hitler.
They compared him to a democratic socialist.
Who created the movement proposing to give a pension of $200 a month to those over 60?
President Roosevelt
Congress
Dr. Francis Townsend
Social Security Administration
What action did Congress take in response to the old age pension movement?
They accepted the movement's proposal.
They doubled the national tax burden.
They passed the Social Security Act.
They increased the pension to $400.
What was the estimated impact of the proposed pension plan on national income tax?
It would reduce the national income tax by 50%.
It would have no impact on the national income tax.
It would take up 50% of national income tax and double the tax burden.
It would increase the national income tax by 25%.
What did Father Charles Coughlin believe about Roosevelt's policies?
They were too radical
They were not radical enough
They were perfect
They were too focused on the economy
What did Father Charles Coughlin want to happen to major industries?
They should be privatized
They should be nationalized
They should be closed
They should be left alone
What was the name of the wealth redistribution program proposed by the Governor of Louisiana?
Share the Wealth Program
New Deal Program
Wealth Equality Initiative
Richness Redistribution Act
What did the Governor of Louisiana believe about the New Deal?
It was too radical in wealth redistribution
It was sufficient in addressing wealth inequality
It did not go far enough in wealth redistribution
It focused too much on education and social welfare
Which of the following was NOT a component of the "Share Our Wealth Program"?
Providing $5k for each family
Confiscating small businesses
Heavy taxes on the rich
Greater spending on education and social welfare
What was the potential political consequence of the Governor of Louisiana's rivalry with Roosevelt?
The Democratic Party would become more conservative
The Republican Party would be eliminated
The Democratic vote could be split, leading to a Republican victory
The New Deal would be fully implemented without opposition
What was Huey Long's concern regarding the New Deal?
It would lead to a decrease in federal government power
It would undermine states' rights due to the expansion of federal government
It would strengthen the economy too quickly
It would lead to his immediate political success
What happened to Huey Long eventually?
He became president
He was re-elected as a senator
He was assassinated on orders of one of his political opponents
He retired from politics
How did Huey Long's association with the Democratic Party affect FDR?
It strengthened FDR's position among New Deal supporters and voters
It had no significant impact on FDR's political standing
It led to FDR's impeachment
It alienated many potential New Deal supporters and voters
Who were among the opposition from the Conservative Right?
Republicans in Congress, state governors, and their state congresses who were conservative.
Liberal activists and environmental groups.
Foreign governments and diplomats.
Progressive media outlets.
What were some of the concerns of the wealthy upper class that opposed Roosevelt?
Fear of decreased military spending and international influence.
Concerns about labor union power, wage rises for employees, reduced profits, regulation, higher taxes, and too much support for African Americans.
Support for free trade and globalization.
Advocacy for more government subsidies and grants.
What did the opposition argue about Roosevelt's powers?
They argued he was not doing enough to help the economy.
They argued he was taking on 'dictatorial' powers and too much government intervention.
They argued he was too focused on foreign policy.
They argued he was undermining the military.
