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Myopia Grand Quiz 2024

Total questions: 30

Worksheet time: 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Axial length is defined as distance from

a)
Cornea to lens
b)
Front surface of cornea to retina
c)
Posterior surface of the lens to retina
d)
Posterior surface of cornea to sclera
2.

Axial length can be obtained with

a)
Contact technique - ultrasound A-Scan
b)
Non-contact technique - ocular Biometers
c)
Both A and B
d)
Corneal topography map
3.

Axial length is important in myopia management because:

a)
It helps to correlate with refractive errors
b)
It helps to understand if myopia is due to axial elongation or refractive nature
c)
It partly helps to eliminate other forms of myopia
d)

All of the above

4.

What is the first step in myopia management based on IMPACT myopia guidelines:

a)
Identify true axial myope
b)
Identify progressive myope
c)
Start myopia control treatment immediately
d)
Map all risk factors of myopia
5.

Resolution of non-contact biometers for axial length is approximately:

a)
0.01 mm
b)
0.10 mm
c)
0.30 mm
d)
1 mm
6.

Cycloplegic retinoscopy is necessary when_____

a)
There is an anisometropia
b)
There is a difference of -0.50DS in subjective refraction and PGP
c)
There is a convergence insufficiency
d)
There is a Moderate Myopia.
7.

Accurate refractions without cycloplegia can be performed by_____

a)
Retinoscopy
b)
Open field Autorefractometer
c)
Accurate subjective refraction with fogging
d)
All of the above
8.

Why Binocular Vision matters in Myopia management?

a)
BV can help us to diagnose tropias
b)
BV can help us identify pre-myopes
c)
BV can help us identify refractive error of the patient
d)
All of the above
9.

Binocular vision can help identify children at risk of Myopia if they have_______

a)
Higher AC/A ratio
b)
Near Esophoria
c)
Accommodative lag
d)
All of the above
10.

If the Lag of accommodation is +2.0DS, you should start with _____ Addition in Non- presbyopic myopic children.

a)
+0.50 DS
b)
+1.50DS
c)
+2.50DS
d)
+2.75DS
11.

Key clinical evaluation to rule out syndromic myopia should include:

a)
Visual acuity
b)
Color vision
c)
Body Stature
d)
All of the above
12.

International myopia institute’s recommended definition of high myopia is:

a)
Spherical equivalent refraction of ≤ -5.00 D
b)
Spherical equivalent refraction of ≤ -6.00 D
c)
Axial length measured by non-contact biometry >26.00mm
d)
Axial length measured by non-contact biometry >26.50mm
13.

Which of the following scenario could be syndromic myopia?

a)
10-year-old child with 5.00 D myopia and visual acuity of 0.1
b)
10-year-old child with 3.00 D myopia
c)
10-year-old child with 12.00 D myopia and visual acuity of 0.4
d)
All of the above
14.

Apart from refraction, what other clinical assessment is important to gauge myopia progression and treatment effect?

a)
OCT
b)
ERG
c)
Ocular Biometry
d)
Visual acuity
15.

When do we need to make a fit change to the OrthoK lens?

a)
When corneal health is compromised
b)
After we repeat the findings at multiple visits
c)
Patient cannot adapt to visual disturbance
d)
All of the above
16.

If the Ortho-k lens appears to fit too tight with limited movement and fluorescein pooling centrally, what is the first parameter to alter?

a)
Posterior Optical Zone Diameter
b)
Target Power
c)
Alignment Curves
d)
Diameter
17.

Which of the following is a significant genetic risk factor for developing high myopia?

a)
Having no family history of myopia
b)
Having one parent with high myopia
c)
Having two parents with moderate myopia
d)
Having siblings with myopia
18.

When discussing myopia management options with a patient, what is important to consider for a patient-centered approach?

a)
Risk of Progress
b)
Ocular factors and parameters
c)
The patient's motivations and lifestyle
d)
All the above
19.

_______ of children aged between 5-15 years living in urban regions of India are predicted to become myopic by the year 2050

a)
a) 30%
b)
b) 40%
c)
c) 50%
d)
d) 60%
20.

A 6-year-old child has a cycloplegic SE of +0.25 D and history of myopia in mother. Which of the options below would you use to describe the refractive status of this child?

a)
a. Myopia
b)
b. Emmetropia
c)
c. Pre-Myopia
d)
d. Hyperopia
21.

Which of the following are risk factors for myopia among children

a)
a. Excess near work
b)
b. Reduced outdoor
c)
c. Parental history of myopia
d)
d. All of the above
22.

Which of the following has not been found to slow progression of myopia ?

a)
a) Spectacles
b)
b) Soft contact lenses
c)
c) Rigid contact lenses (daily wear)
d)
d) Orthokeratology
23.

When looking through the portion of the Myopia control spectacle lens incorporating multiple segments/lenslets visual performance is

a)
a) Same as when viewing through the clear centre
b)
b) Slightly reduced VA- <1line
c)
c) Moderately reduced VA– 2 lines
d)
d) Severely reduced VA- >3lines
24.

Which of the following statements is true?

a)
a) A 1 mm increase in axial length of the eye produces a 1 D change in spherical refraction
b)
b) A 1/3 mm increase in axial length of the eye produces a 1 D increase in myopia
c)
c) A 0.5 mm increase in axial length of the eye produces a 1 D increase in hyperopia
d)
d) A 1 mm change in radius of the central cornea produces a 3 D change in refractive error
25.

According to the recent Cochrane Review of interventions to slow progression of myopia in children (Walline et al., 2020) which of the following was the least effective method of myopia management?

a)
a. Undercorrection of the distance prescription.
b)
b. Orthokeratology contact lenses.
c)
c. Bifocal contact lenses.
d)
d. Low dose atropine eye drops.
26.

Which of the following soft lenses would be best for Myopia control

a)
a) Soft lens having +4 ring on front surface
b)
b) Soft Multifocal lens
c)
c) Regular soft lens
d)
d) Soft toric lens
27.

Effect of Ortho K can be enhanced by

a)
a) Reducing the OZ
b)
b) Adding atropine 0.01%
c)
c) Custom designing the lens
d)
d) All of the above
28.

Which is the most desirable change by using Ortho K for effective Myopia control?

a)
a) 6/6 vision day long
b)
b) Full correction of astigmatism
c)
c) +4 or more generated on front of the cornea
d)
d) Comfortable fit
29.

Peripheral hyperopia can cause axial elongation

a)
True
b)
False
30.

What is the primary goal of myopia control treatment?

a)

a) Immediate vision improvement

b)

b) Slowing down myopia progression

c)

c) Eliminating the need for glasses

d)

d) Inducing hyperopia