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Central Dogma Quiz

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which types of RNA are involved in transcription? (Choose all that apply)

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

pRNA

2.

Which types of RNA are involved in translation? (Choose all that apply.)

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

pRNA

3.

Which type of RNA functions by carrying the information from DNA to the ribosome?

a)

Messenger RNA

b)

Transfer RNA

c)

Ribosomal RNA

d)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

4.

Which type of RNA functions by delivering a specific amino acid to the ribosome?

a)

Messenger RNA

b)

Transfer RNA

c)

Ribosomal RNA

d)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

5.

Which type of RNA functions as the workbench for translation to occur?

a)

Messenger RNA

b)

Transfer RNA

c)

Ribosomal RNA

d)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

6.

What is the central dogma of biology?

a)

The flow of ATP to energize living tissue.

b)

The flow of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA to making a protein.

c)

The process of DNA replication for mitosis.

d)

The entirety of life on Earth.

7.

Which of the following is associated with mRNA?

a)

codons

b)

anticodons

c)

E,P,A sites

d)

DNA polymerase

8.

How many codons equal one amino acid?

a)

1

b)

3

c)

6

d)

9

9.

Where does tRNA bring an amino acid to?

a)

nucleus

b)

ribosome

c)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

d)

Golgi apparatus

10.

A polypeptide is a sequence of:

a)

proteins

b)

base nucleotides

c)

amino acids

d)

monosaccharides

11.

Which enzyme glues the Okazaki fragments of the lagging strand together during DNA replication?

a)

helicase

b)

DNA polymerase

c)

ligase

d)

RNA polymerase

12.

What is the function of the enzyme DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

a)

DNA polymerase bonds free base nucleotides together to make a DNA strand.

b)

DNA polymerase attaches amino acids together on the ribosome.

c)

DNA polymerase attaches RNA nucleotides together to form a protein.

d)

DNA polymerase makes a polysaccharide

13.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
14.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
15.
What is the complimentary mRNA sequence to the DNA sequence A-T-T-G-C-A.
a)
T-A-A-C-G-T
b)
U-A-A-C-G-T
c)
U-A-A-C-G-U
d)
T-A-A-G-C-U
16.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
17.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
18.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
19.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
20.
If Chargaff found that a sample of DNA has 20% ADENINE, how much GUANINE would he have determined to be there?
a)
30%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
60%
21.
One difference between DNA and RNA is that....
a)
Only RNA has the base Uracil
b)
only RNA contains the base Thymine
c)
only RNA contains the base Cytocine
d)
only RNA contained the base Guanine
22.
A triplet of mRNA is called a
a)
codon
b)
anticodon
c)
amino acid
d)
peptide bond
23.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
a)
4
b)
2
c)
6
d)
12
24.
Which enzyme is responsible for making RNA?
a)
DNA polymerase
b)
RNA enzymase
c)
RNA polymerase
d)
RNA proliferase
25.

What is a promoter?

a)

Sequence of DNA at the beginning of the gene that tells RNA polymerase where to start transcription.

b)

Sequence of RNA that tells the ribosome where to start translation.

c)

Sequence of DNA at the beginning of the gene that tells the ribosome where to start transcription

d)

Sequence of RNA that tells RNA polymerase where to start translation.

26.
What amino acid sequence will be produced based on the mRNA codon sequence
5'-AUG-UCU-UCG-UUA-UCC-UUG-3'
a)
met-ser-leu-ser-leu-ser
b)
met-ser-ser-leu-ser-leu
c)
met-leu-phe-arg-glu-glu
d)
met-glu-arg-arg-glu-leu
27.
What is a peptide bond?
a)
Bond that holds two amino acids together.
b)
A bond that holds hydrogen and oxygen molecules together.
c)
A bond that holds the phosphate group of one nucleotide and a sugar of a neighboring nucleotide.
d)
A bond that is formed by the sharing of electrons.
28.
What is the function of the poly-A tail in mRNA?
a)
to add modified guanin to the 3' end of the mRNA
b)
to indicate the site of translational termination
c)
to code for the binding of RNA polymerase to the DNA
d)
to help protect the mRNA from degradation by hydrolytic enzymes 
29.
How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?
a)
The two different cells become mutated
b)
The proteins expressed in each cell are different
c)
They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.
d)
The genome of the different cells changes
30.
The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is 
a)
complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon.
b)
complementary to the corresponding triplet in rRNA.
c)
the part of tRNA that bonds with a specific amino acid.
d)
catalytic, making the tRNA a ribozyme.
31.
The parts of a gene that do NOT code for amino acids in a protein are called
a)
introns
b)
exons
c)
codons
d)
anticodons
32.
synthesizes a short fragment of RNA that allows DNA polymerase III to bind
a)
ligase
b)
DNA polymerase I
c)
primase
d)
helicase
33.
removes the RNA primer and adds DNA nucleotides to fill in the gap
a)
DNA polymerase III
b)
ligase
c)
primase
d)
DNA polymerase I
34.
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
M
35.

Which of the following statements about DNA replication is TRUE?

a)

the leading strand is replicated continuously, while the lagging strand is replicated discontinuously

b)

the leading strand is replicated discontinuously, while the lagging strand is replicated continuously

c)

both the leading and lagging strands are replicated continuously

d)

both the leading and lagging strands are replicated discontinuously

e)

each of the leading and lagging strands is replicated both continuously and discontinuously

36.
Polymerase is able to replicate the new DNA ______ along the leading strand.
a)
continuously
b)
only in short fragments
c)
very slowly
d)
prokaryotically
37.

The Y-shaped structure where the DNA double helix is actively unwound during DNA replication is called the

a)

replication fork

b)

replication Y

c)

elongation junction

d)

unwinding point

38.

What is the stage of gradual extension of the growing chain of pre-RNA to the final size?

a)

initiation

b)

elongation

c)

termination

d)

processing

39.

Large RNA-protein complex that conducts RNA splicing by removing of intron and joins together the two exons are

a)

RNA polymerase

b)

spliceosome

c)

Primer

d)

Helicase

40.
What would happen if we did not have start codons?
a)
Polypeptide chains would continue to grow
b)
Amino acids would bind to tRNA
c)
Protein synthesis wouldn't occur
d)
mRNA would form a double strand
41.
Which of the following occurs first in translation?
a)
The small ribosomal subunit binds to mRNA
b)
The large ribosomal subunit binds to mRNA
c)
tRNA binds to the mRNA
d)
A peptide bond forms between amino acids
42.

This enzyme is used to remove short RNA bases

a)

Topoisomerase

b)

DNA Helicase

c)

Exonuclease

d)

Telomerase

43.

This enzyme helps helicase unzip DNA by relieving supercoiling

a)

Topoisomerase

b)

Exonuclease

c)

DNA Primase

d)

DNA Polymerase

44.

If the mRNA codon is AUG, what would the matching tRNA anticodon be?

a)

UAC

b)

AUG

c)

TAC

d)

GUA

45.

The stop codons are: (Choose all that apply)

a)

UAA

b)

UAG

c)

GUC

d)

UGA

46.
The concept that DNA is made of two strands running in opposite directions is called:
a)
Antiparallel
b)
Isomerism
c)
Enantiomerism
d)
S/R Chirality
47.
Small segments of DNA made on the lagging strand are called:
a)
Okazaki Fragments
b)
ERVs
c)
Transposable Elements
d)
Telomeres
48.
A particular triple of bases in the coding sequence of DNA is AAA. The anticodon on the tRNA that binds the mRNA codon is
a)
UUU
b)
TTT
c)
AAA
d)
UUA
49.
The first tRNA molecule moves through the __________ sites in the ribosome
a)
A-P-E
b)
P-E
c)
E-P-A
d)
A-P
50.
Consider the replication bubble diagrammed at the right. Which letters represent leading strands? 
a)
W and X
b)
Y and Z
c)
W and Z
d)
X and Y

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