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Genetics EOC Exam Review

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 1hrs 12mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Who is considered the "father" of modern genetics?

a)

Einstein

b)

Mendel

c)

Disney

d)

Washington

2.
What type of "square" helps us solve genetic problems?
a)
carpenter square
b)
Mendel square
c)
Punnett square
d)
genetic square
3.
TT,tt,PP,pp,SS,ss are examples of alleles that are?
a)
homozygous
b)
heterozygous
c)
different
d)
homologous 
4.
If "T" is the allele for tall and "t" is the allele for short, then Tt would produce?
a)
tall
b)
short
c)
medium
d)
not enough info
5.
A physical characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring.
a)
behavior
b)
trait
c)
strong muscles
d)
ability to fly a plane.
6.
Aa is
a)
homozygous (purebred)
b)
heterozygous (hybrid)
7.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous genes
d)
mutated DNA
8.
Which of the following alleles is homozygous (purebred) recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
t
9.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
10.
In cacti, long arms (A) are dominant to short arms (a).  Suppose 2 heterozygous cacti are crossed.  What percentage of their offspring are expected to have short arms?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
75%
d)
100%
11.
When a person has two different alleles for a gene, they are said to be
a)
heterozygous
b)
homozygous
12.
What are the possible genotypes for this cross?
a)
TT = 25% Tt= 50% tt=25%
b)
all tall
c)
TT= 75% tt = 25%
d)
Tt = 100%
13.
A father that has blood type O is crossed with a blood type O mother. What will be the genotype of the offspring?
a)
50% AB; 50% OO
b)
25% AB,  25% AO, 25% BO, 25% OO
c)
25% AA, 25% BB, 25% AB, 25% OO
d)
100% OO
14.
What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
15.
How many alleles (letters) do each person carry for a trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
16.
One form of a gene is called_______________
a)
a DNA
b)
a Phenotype
c)
a trait
d)
an allele
17.

Where are chromosomes found?

a)

vacuole

b)

cell membrane

c)

nucleus

d)

mitochondria

18.

Segments of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) found in chromosomes that give instructions for producing a certain characteristic.

a)

heredity

b)

gene

c)

allele

d)

genotype

e)

phenotype

19.

The different forms of a gene.

a)

Genes

b)

Allele

c)

Phenotype

d)

Pedigree

20.

A trait that is always hidden when the dominant allele is present.

a)

Phenotype

b)

Recessive allele

c)

Genotype

d)

Heredity

21.

An organism that has two different alleles for a trait.

a)

Genes

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Genotype

d)

Dominant allele

22.

Every living thing has genetic information stored in the form of

a)

Ribosomes

b)

DNA

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Mitochondria

23.

Two parents have type O blood. What will the blood type of their children be?

a)

O

b)

They can have all four types of blood

c)

Either A or O

d)

AB

24.

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Glucose

d)

Guanine

e)

Cytosine

25.

Where is Eukaryotic DNA generally located?

a)

In the cytoplasm

b)

In the nucleus

c)

In space

26.

During DNA replication, the DNA molecule produces (a)   (how many?) new complementary strands.

27.
The shape of DNA is...
a)
Twisted helix
b)
Flat helix
c)
Hexagon
d)
Pentagon
28.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
29.

The following are true about DNA:

a)

single helix, deoxyribose, GCAU

b)

single helix, deoxyribose, GCAT

c)

double helix, ribose, GCAU

d)

double helix, deoxyribose, GCAT

30.

If a strand of DNA has 39% Cytosine, it has...

a)

39% Adenine

b)

39% Guanine

c)

39% Thymine

d)

39% combined Cytosine and Guanine

31.

T A G G A C T


The complementary strand is...

a)

T A G G A C T

b)

A T G G T G A

c)

A T C C T G A

d)

T T C C A G T

32.

Three Nucleotides in a row of DNA or mRNA are called a...

(a)  

Choose from the below words
Codon
Sugar
Ribosome
acid
Protein
33.

One basic unit of a Nucleic Acid is a​ (a)  

Choose from the below words
nucleotide
amino acid
fatty acid
monosaccharide
34.

Match the following Mutations

a)

Deletion

1.

Entire sequence shifts to the left

b)

Insertion

2.

Entire sequence shifts to the right

c)

Substitution

3.

One Nucleotide is swapped for another

d)

Point

4.

Only one nucleotide is affected

e)

Frameshift

5.

More than one nucleotide is affected and entire sequence shifts

35.

Match the following Mutations

a)

Missense

1.

Causes chance in amino acid sequence ; results in different protein

b)

Nonsense

2.

Causes an amino acid to change into a "STOP" codon

c)

Silent

3.

Has no effect on amino acids or proteins

36.

What Type of mutation is this?

a)

Point

b)

Frameshift

37.

What is a difference between

the effect of a point mutation and

the effect of a frameshift mutation?

4 lines
38.

Which Nucleic Acid does not leave the Nucleus?

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

39.

Which of the following do both DNA and RNA have?

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Phosphate

c)

Sugar

d)

Nitrogen Base

40.

Which Nitrogenous Bases can be found in RNA?

a)

Guanine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Adenine

d)

Thymine

41.

Which Nitrogenous Base matches in RNA with Adenine from DNA?

a)

Guanine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Uracil

d)

Thymine

42.

True or False: Adenine will always pair up with Thymine in DNA and RNA

a)

True

b)

False

43.

Which suspect is linked to the crime scene by this DNA analysis?

a)

Suspect A

b)

Suspect C

c)

Suspect D

d)

Suspect B

44.

Which man is the actual father of the child?

a)

"Dad" 1

b)

"Dad" 2

c)

"Dad" 3

45.
DNA fingerprinting works because
a)
Most genes are dominant
b)
All organisms contain RNA
c)
The most important genes are different among most people
d)
No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA 
46.
Which suspect is linked to the crime scene by this DNA analysis
a)
Suspect A
b)
Suspect C
c)
Suspect D
d)
Suspect B
47.
Based on these results whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?
a)
Bob
b)
Sue
c)
John
d)
Lisa
48.

What is trisomy?

a)

A chromosomal mutation involving the loss of a segment of a chromosome

b)

A condition in which an individual has an extra copy of a specific chromosome

c)

A genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability and distinct facial features

d)

A genetic event during cell division when chromosomes fail to separate properly

49.

What causes Down syndrome?

a)

The presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21

b)

A genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability and distinct facial features

c)

A chromosomal mutation involving the loss of a segment of a chromosome

d)

A genetic event during cell division when chromosomes fail to separate properly

50.

A condition in which red blood cells are not shaped as they should be

a)

Cystic fibrosis

b)

Sickle cell Anemia

c)

Spina Bifida

d)

Tay-Sachs Disease

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