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WorksheetsMuscle Physiology Quiz
Total questions: 69
Worksheet time: 40mins
What is the definition of the normal resting length of a muscle?
The length of a muscle when it is actively contracting
The length of a muscle when it is shortened by external force
The length of a muscle when it is not shortened or lengthened by active contraction or the application of external force
The length of a muscle when it is lengthened by active contraction
Which of the following is NOT one of the four properties of muscle?
Irritability
Contractility
Flexibility
Elasticity
What is the ability to respond to a stimulus, an impulse from a nerve, or external stretch resulting in a contraction called?
Contractility
Elasticity
Irritability
Flexibility
Which of the following describes the ability to contract generating force when adequate stimulus is applied?
Flexibility
Contractility
Elasticity
Irritability
Which type of muscle contraction involves shortening?
Eccentric
Isometric
Concentric
Static
Which type of muscle contraction involves lengthening?
Concentric
Isometric
Eccentric
Static
Which type of muscle contraction involves no length change?
Concentric
Eccentric
Isometric
Dynamic
What is the ability to lengthen when a force is applied called?
Elasticity
Extensibility
Flexibility
Rigidity
What is the ability to return to normal resting length when force is removed called?
Extensibility
Flexibility
Elasticity
Rigidity
Which property allows a material to return from a lengthened or shortened position?
Extensibility
Flexibility
Elasticity
Rigidity
What is a muscle composed of?
A collection of muscle fibers bound together into bundles termed fascicles.
A collection of tendons bound together into bundles termed fascicles.
A collection of bones bound together into bundles termed fascicles.
A collection of ligaments bound together into bundles termed fascicles.
What are the smaller bundles that each muscle fiber is composed of called?
Myofibrils
Tendons
Ligaments
Bones
What are myofibrils divided into?
Myosin
Actin
Sarcomeres
Z-lines
Where does the length change occur in a muscle?
Myofibrils
Sarcomeres
Actin filaments
Myosin filaments
What types of filaments do sarcomeres contain?
Thick actin and thin myosin
Thin actin and thicker myosin
Thick myosin and thin actin
Thin myosin and thicker actin
To what are the filaments attached in a sarcomere?
Myofibrils
Actin filaments
Myosin filaments
Z-lines
How many actin filaments are on each side of a myosin filament?
One
Two
Three
Four
Where do actin filaments not extend into?
The middle of a sarcomere
The ends of a sarcomere
The middle of a myosin filament
The ends of a myosin filament
What projects from myosin filaments and temporarily binds with actin filaments when a muscle is activated?
Actin heads
Myosin tails
Myosin heads
Actin tails
What is the term used for the binding of myosin heads to actin?
Cross-bridges
Cross-links
Actin-myosin bonds
Muscle bridges
What happens to the actin filament when myosin heads bind with actin?
The actin filament slides closer to or away from the actin filament on the other side of the gap
The actin filament remains stationary
The actin filament disintegrates
The actin filament forms a new filament
During a shortening contraction, what happens to the actin filament?
It moves toward the gap in the middle of the sarcomere
It moves away from the gap in the middle of the sarcomere
It remains stationary
It disintegrates
What occurs during a lengthening contraction?
Actin filaments move apart
Actin filaments move closer together
Actin filaments remain stationary
Actin filaments disintegrate
What characterizes an isometric contraction?
Minimal sliding, no change in overall length of muscle
Significant sliding, increase in overall length of muscle
No sliding, decrease in overall length of muscle
Significant sliding, decrease in overall length of muscle
What determines the force generated in the Sliding Filament Theory?
The length of the muscle
The number of cross-bridges formed
The speed of muscle contraction
The type of muscle fiber
At what muscle length can the maximum number of cross-bridges be formed?
At maximum length
At minimum length
At resting length
At stretched length
What happens to the formation of cross-bridges when muscle length is greater or less than resting length?
Increase in formation of cross-bridges
Decrease in formation of cross-bridges
No change in formation of cross-bridges
Cross-bridges are not formed
What is another term for Type I muscle fibers?
Fast twitch
Slow twitch
Intermediate twitch
Rapid oxidative
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Type I muscle fibers?
Smaller in diameter
Faster to respond to stimulus
Sustain longer periods of contraction
Rich blood supply
What type of energy source do Type I muscle fibers primarily use?
Glucose
Fatty acids
Oxygen
ATP
Which type of muscles are primarily composed of Type I fibers?
Postural muscles
Skeletal muscles
Cardiac muscles
Smooth muscles
Why are Type I muscle fibers better for endurance activities?
They are larger in diameter
They produce high levels of force
They sustain longer periods of contraction
They have a low blood supply
What is another term for Type II muscle fibers?
Slow twitch
Fast glycolytic
Intermediate twitch
Oxidative
Which characteristic is NOT associated with Type II muscle fibers?
Larger in diameter
Respond quickly to stimulation
High blood supply
Prone to fatigue
What energy source do Type II muscle fibers primarily use?
Fatty acids
Glycogen
Protein
ATP
Type II muscle fibers are effective for which type of contraction?
Long, sustained contraction
Fast brief contraction of high force
Slow, steady contraction
Continuous low-force contraction
Which of the following statements is true about muscle fibers innervated by the same motor neuron?
They are all bundled together in one fascicle.
They are distributed among several fascicles.
They are not innervated by the same motor neuron.
They are only found in precision movements.
What is the relationship between the number of muscle fibers in a motor unit and the type of movement?
Precision movements use motor units with a greater number of muscle fibers.
Power movements use motor units with fewer muscle fibers.
Precision movements use motor units with fewer muscle fibers.
There is no relationship between the number of muscle fibers and the type of movement.
Which type of movement uses motor units with a greater number of muscle fibers?
Precision movements
Power movements
Both precision and power movements
Neither precision nor power movements
What determines the gradation of the number of motor units recruited?
The type of muscle
The length of the muscle
The force required
The speed of contraction
What is the musculoskeletal junction?
Place where muscle joins bone
Place where muscle joins tendon
Place where tendon joins bone
Place where muscle joins ligament
What is the tenoperiosteal junction?
Place where muscle joins bone
Place where muscle joins tendon
Place where tendon joins bone
Place where tendon joins ligament
What is the origin of a muscle?
Distal muscle attachment
Proximal muscle attachment
Lateral muscle attachment
Medial muscle attachment
What is the insertion of a muscle?
Proximal muscle attachment
Lateral muscle attachment
Distal muscle attachment
Medial muscle attachment
The amount of force a muscle can generate is directly proportional to which of the following?
The length of the muscle
The cross-sectional area of the muscle
The volume of the muscle
The weight of the muscle
What is the relationship between cross-sectional area and muscle fiber orientation?
Cross-sectional area is inversely related to muscle fiber orientation
Cross-sectional area is unrelated to muscle fiber orientation
Cross-sectional area is directly related to muscle fiber orientation
Cross-sectional area is only related to muscle length
Which of the following statements is true about parallel muscle fibers?
Fibers extend the entire length of the muscle
Fibers are arranged in a circular pattern
Fibers are shorter than the muscle length
Fibers are arranged in a diagonal pattern
Which of the following is a characteristic of oblique muscle fibers?
Longer fibers
Attach parallel to tendon
More cross-sectional area possible
Do not attach to tendons
What does the angle of insertion refer to?
The angle at which a muscle attaches to a bone or other structure
The angle at which a muscle contracts
The angle at which a muscle relaxes
The angle at which a muscle detaches from a bone
What does the line of pull describe?
The line drawn from the origin to the insertion of a muscle
The line drawn from the origin to the midpoint of a muscle
The line drawn from the insertion to the midpoint of a muscle
The line drawn from the midpoint to the end of a muscle
What is the angle of pennation?
The angle at which muscle fibers attach to the skin
The angle at which oblique fibers within a pennate or multipennate muscle attach to muscle tendons
The angle at which muscle fibers attach to bones
The angle at which muscle fibers attach to ligaments
What does all muscle force generated contribute to, regardless of the angle of insertion or angle of pennation?
Only the traction force through a joint
Only the compression force through a joint
The osteokinematic motion about a joint axis and the traction or compression force through a joint
Only the osteokinematic motion about a joint axis
Which type of muscle shape is associated with producing more range of motion?
Unipennate
Bipennate
Strap
Multipennate
Which muscle is an example of a fusiform muscle?
Sartorius
Biceps brachii
Tibialis posterior
Deltoids
Which muscle shape is known to produce more force?
Fusiform
Triangular
Strap
Bipennate
Which of the following muscles is an example of a triangular muscle?
Rectus abdominis
Brachialis
Pectoralis major
Semimembranosus
Which muscle is an example of a multipennate muscle?
Sternocleidomastoid
Rectus femoris
Flexor pollicis longus
Deltoids
Which muscle is located in the anterior tibialis region?
Quadratus lumborum
Flexor digitorum
Anterior tibialis
Sternocleidomastoid
Which muscle is named based on its shape?
Quadratus lumborum
Flexor digitorum
Biceps brachii
Extensor radialis longus
Which muscle is named based on its action?
Anterior tibialis
Flexor digitorum
Biceps brachii
External oblique
Which muscle is named based on the number of heads or divisions?
Quadratus lumborum
Flexor digitorum
Biceps brachii
Sternocleidomastoid
Which muscle is named based on its attachments?
Sternocleidomastoid
Anterior tibialis
Flexor digitorum
External oblique
Which muscle is named based on its fiber orientation?
Quadratus lumborum
Flexor digitorum
External oblique
Extensor radialis longus
Which muscle is named based on its size?
Quadratus lumborum
Flexor digitorum
Biceps brachii
Extensor radialis longus
Which muscle is responsible for the desired motion?
Antagonist
Co-contraction
Synergist
Agonist
What determines the role of an agonist muscle?
Size, location, line of pull, contractile ability
Opposite motion of the antagonist
Simultaneous contraction of agonist and antagonist
Two or more muscles contracting together
Which muscle performs the opposite motion of the agonist?
Co-contraction
Synergist
Antagonist
Agonist
What is co-contraction?
What is the role of a synergist muscle?
