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Biological Skills DNA & Extraction Methods

Total questions: 67

Worksheet time: 37mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the purpose of a buffer system in electrophoresis?

a)

Alternate the current

b)

Carry the current, maintain a stable pH for the separation of molecules and protect the sample

c)

disrupt the contaminants

d)

stop the migration process

2.

How can DNA fragments be separated using gel electrophoresis ?

a)

DNA carries a negative charge and large fragments are pulled more strongly than small fragments towards the positive electrode

b)

DNA carries a negative charge and small fragments are able to travel more quickly than large towards the positive electrode

c)

DNA carries a positive charge and large fragments are pulled more strongly than small fragments towards the negative electrode

d)

DNA carries a positive charge and small fragments are able to travel more quickly than large towards the negative electrode

3.

Where would you find DNA, the genetic material, in an animal cell?

a)

In the centriole

b)

Only in the mitochondria

c)

In the mitochondria and the nucleus

d)

In the cytoplasm

4.

What is the first step in isolating DNA?

a)

Generating genomic DNA fragments with restriction endonucleases

b)

Introducing recombinant DNA into an organism by any means

c)

Overexpressing proteins in E. coli

d)

Lysing the cells in the sample

5.

What is the role of ethanol in DNA extraction?

a)

To break down cell walls

b)

To precipitate DNA from the solution

c)

To neutralize the pH

d)

To increase the solubility of the DNA

6.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of centrifugation in DNA extraction?

a)

It lyses the cells to release DNA.

b)

It selectively precipitates DNA from the solution.

c)

It separates DNA fragments based on size.

d)

It separates heavier cellular components from the DNA suspension.

7.

Why do we use salt for this lab?

a)

to dissolve the lipids in the nuclear envelope

b)

We don't use salt.

c)

 removes protein that is chemically joined to DNA

d)

DNA will precipitate (form) in less dense ethanol layer

8.

Which of the following is a beaker?

a)
b)
c)
d)
9.

Which of the following is a test tube?

a)
b)
c)
d)
10.

Which of the following is a pipette?

a)
b)
c)
d)
11.

Which of the following is a graduated cylinder?

a)
b)
c)
d)
12.

The cell lysis solution will allow us to break through the next TWO barriers. What are these barriers?

a)

Cell Wall and Cell Membrane

b)

Cell Membrane and Nuclear Membrane

c)

Nucleus and Nucleolus

d)

Cell Wall and Nuclear Membrane

13.
Where is DNA located in the cell? 
a)
Nucleous 
b)
Nucleoleus 
c)
Mitochondria 
d)
Cytoplasm 
14.
What is the function of DNase?
a)
Breaks apart DNA
b)
Binds DNA together
c)
Removes DNA from the cell
d)
Translates DNA
15.
Where is bacterial DNA located?
a)
Floating in the cell
b)
In the nucleus 
c)
In mitochondria 
d)
In the cell wall
16.
What is the term used when a solid is formed in solution? 
a)
Participate 
b)
Perciptnt 
c)
Percipitate 
d)
Prescription 
17.

The DNA extraction buffer contains -------------

a)

high salt concentration and optimal pH

b)

low salt concentration and acidic pH

c)

low salt concentration and high pH

d)

low salt concentration and optimal pH

18.

This is the practice of producing a genetically identical cell or organism

a)

Cloning

b)

Biotechnology

c)

Genetic Engineering

d)

I don't know

19.

GMO stands for

a)

Genetically Modeled Organisms

b)

Genetically Modified Organism

c)

I have no idea

20.

Liquid-liquid mixture is separated with solvent extraction by adding_____solvent

a)

Soluble

b)

Partially soluble

c)

Insoluble

d)

All of the mentioned

21.

In solvent extraction, the two solvents are _____ and form ____ layers.

a)

immiscible; one

b)

immiscible; two

c)

soluble; one

d)

soluble; two

22.

Solvent extraction is based on the relative _____ of two liquids.

a)

odor

b)

texture

c)

solubilities

d)

color

23.

How to maximise the amount of extracted solute?

a)

Single extraction using a large volume of solvent.

b)

Single extraction using a small volume of solvent.

c)

Repeat extractions

24.

Solvent extraction is basically known as .....

a)

Gas-liquid extraction

b)

Liquid- liquid extraction

c)

Liquid –solid extraction

25.

Solvent extraction is basically known as .....

a)

Gas-liquid extraction

b)

Liquid- liquid extraction

c)

Liquid –solid extraction

26.

What is the function of gel electrophoresis?

a)

To separate DNA fragments based on size.

b)

To amplify a specific region of DNA.

c)

To add nucleotides to a DNA sequence.

d)

To observe DNA replication.

27.

What is the role of DNA polymerase in PCR?

a)

To separate DNA fragments based on size.

b)

To amplify a specific region of DNA.

c)

To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.

d)

To add nucleotides to a DNA sequence.

28.
Which piece of DNA would move faster in gel electrophoresis?
a)
100 Base Pairs Long
b)
1000 Base Pairs Long
c)
5000 Base Pairs Long
d)
100,000 Base Pairs Long
29.
The process of making changes in the DNA code of a living organism is called 
a)
Selective Breeding
b)
Inbreeding
c)
Genetic Engineering
d)
Di-hybrid Cross
30.
A DNA molecule produced by combining DNA from different sources is referred to as
a)
Mutant
b)
Polyploid
c)
Diploid
d)
Recombinant
31.
Which woud require the use of recombinant DNA?
a)
Engineering bacteria to produce insulin
b)
Crossing 2 varieties of apple
c)
Breeding a donkey and horse to make a mule
d)
Creating a polyploid banana tree
32.
What is an advantage of using transgenic bacteria to produce human proteins?
a)
The bacterial proteins work better
b)
The proteins can also be used to make plastics
c)
The bacteria can produce human proteins in large amounts
d)
The proteins are more durable when made by bacteria
33.
What is an advantage of transgenic plants?
a)
Producing clones
b)
Increased food supply
c)
Using more pesticide
d)
Studying the human genome
34.
What process can prospective parents use to determine if they are carrying recessive alleles for a disease?
a)
Genetic Testing
b)
DNA Figerprinting
c)
Gene Therapy
d)
DNA Extraction
35.
Which Suspect Committed the crime?
a)
Suspect #1
b)
Suspect #2
c)
Suspect #3
d)
Suspect #4
36.
A genetically engineered organism that contains a gene from another organism is called
a)
Bacterial
b)
Genetic
c)
Transgenic
d)
Multigenic
37.
In gel electrophoresis, which DNA Fragments move farthest from the starting point?
a)
Large Fragments
b)
Small Fragments
c)
Medium Fragments
d)
Smooth Fragments
38.
In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments move from 
a)
Positive to Negative
b)
Negative to Positive
c)
Positive to Positive
d)
Negative to Negative
39.
What was the first cloned animal?
a)
Dolly the Sheep
b)
Robby the Rat
c)
Milton the Mouse
d)
Beth the Goat
40.
A member of group of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell is called 
a)
Vector
b)
Clone
c)
Hybrid
d)
Genome
41.
Mating between closely related individuals is called
a)
Cloning
b)
Pure Breeding
c)
Inbreeding
d)
Plasmid
42.

Which type of extraction uses a solvent with high solubility and strong polarity?

a)

Solid-liquid extraction

b)

Liquid-liquid extraction

c)

Gas extraction

d)

Thin-layer extraction

43.

What is the purpose of a Soxhlet extractor in solid-liquid extraction?

a)

To isolate constituents from natural products

b)

To separate pigments from a flower

c)

To extract compounds from a solution into another solution

d)

To separate sugar from vegetable oil

44.

What is the purpose of shaking the mixture with water in liquid-liquid extraction?

a)

To separate sugar from vegetable oil

b)

To extract compounds from a solution into another solution

c)

To separate pigments from a flower

d)

To increase the contact area between the two phases

45.

What is the main principle of chromatography?

a)

To separate certain components by passing it through a solution or medium

b)

To remove, pull something out of something

c)

To extract a compound from a solid into a liquid

d)

To separate different compounds from a mixture based on their solubility

46.

What is the purpose of the stationary phase in chromatography?

a)

To separate different compounds from a mixture

b)

To connect with compounds of the same polarity

c)

To move the compounds at different rates

d)

To increase the contact area between the two phases

47.

What is the purpose of the Rf value in thin-layer chromatography?

a)

To determine the retention time of a compound

b)

To calculate the peak area of a compound

c)

To measure the distance traveled by the solvent

d)

To compare the separation of compounds

48.

What is extraction?

a)

The action of removing, pulling something out of something

b)

A technique to separate certain components by passing it through a solution or medium

c)

A process of extracting a compound from a solid into a liquid

d)

An extraction process by which a compound is extracted from a solution into another solution

49.

Identify extraction Methods to Produce Essential Oil

a)

Sonication

b)

Decoction

c)

ASE

d)

Maceration

e)

Hydro Distillation

50.

Four (4) main unit operations for the process in Figure 2.                           

a)

1. Extraction

2. Filtration

3. Distillation

4. Decantation

b)

1. Extraction

2. Filtration

3. Condensation

4. Decantation

c)

1. Extraction

2. Distillation

3. Condensation

4. Decantation

d)

1. Extraction

2. Distillation

3. Filtration

4. Decantation

51.

Essential oils are

a)

Volatile Organic Components

b)

Volatile Organic Compounds

c)

Volatile Oil Compounds

d)

Volatile Organism Compounds

52.

What is the method of extracting essential oils that involve boiling?

a)

Absolute Extraction

b)

Expression

c)

Steam Distillation

d)

Condensation

53.

The chromatogram shows that the -------------- spot is a mixture.

a)

red

b)

orange

c)

green

d)

black

54.

The diagram below shows a chromatogram obtained when a sample X was analysed together with four other known dyes P, Q, R and S. Dye Q was known to cause cancer. Which of the following dye(s) is/are safe for use?

a)

P only

b)

S only

c)

P and S

d)

P and X

55.

A substance is soluble if it can be dissolved.


In paper chromatography, the most soluble solute _____________________ .

a)

does not move from the start point

b)

stays closest to the start point

c)

travels furthest away from the start point

d)

can be found in the middle of the chromatogram

56.
The Rf value  for the blue component is 
a)
0.3
b)
0.7
c)
10
d)
3
57.
A separation technique which uses a fractionating column to separate different liquid components in a mixture with different boiling points by heating mixture is called
a)
Fractional distillation
b)
filtration
c)
crystallization
d)
evaporation
58.
How does the temperature change from top to bottom?
a)
Increases
b)
Decreases
c)
It does not change
d)
Cannot be determined
59.
The diagram shows the apparatus for separating soil and water. What are the labelled parts?
a)
A = distillate, B = filtrate
b)
A = filtrate, B = residue
c)
A = residue, B = filtrate
d)
A = residue, B = distillate
60.

Dyes in a felt-tip pen may be separated by....

a)

Distillation

b)

Decanting

c)

Chromatography

d)

Centrifuge

61.
Which one of the following is the name for separation technique in the picture below
a)
distillation
b)
dissolving
c)
evaporation
d)
decanting
62.

No matter what you do, sand will not dissolve in water, because sand is _________.

a)

dissolved

b)

soluble

c)

insoluble

d)

aqueous

63.

What is the physical property on which fractional distillation depends?

a)

different boiling points

b)

different melting points

c)

different solubilities

d)

different densities

64.

How would you separate the substances shown in the picture (oil and water)?

a)

by sieving

b)

by decanting

c)

by distillation

d)

by filtering

65.
The drops of water that appear on the outside of a glass of cold water on a warm day are an example of?
a)
sublimation
b)
condensation
c)
evaporation
66.

Water and oil make a mixtures but not a solution, because they are

a)

Miscible into each other

b)

immiscible into each other

c)

Soluble into each other

d)

insoluble into each other

67.

Which one of the following would you use to separate sand from iron filings?

a)

a bar magnet

b)

chromatography

c)

filter papre

d)

evaporation

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