Which school of criminology argued that individuals have free will to choose between legal and illegal means?

Who advocated the Differential Association Theory, stating that criminal behavior is learned and not inherited?

Which theory explains that crimes are caused by the absence of norms in society?

Who is known for advocating the Sub-Culture Theory of Delinquency?

Which criminologist proposed the Instrumentalist Theory of capitalist rule?

According to the Classical School of Criminology, what is the aim of punishment?

Which school of criminology argued that crime is a natural phenomenon comparable to disaster or calamity?

Who is considered the leader of the Positivist School of Criminology?

Which theory explains that individuals calculate the consequences of their actions based on the pleasure and pain they would derive?

Who is known for advocating the Strain Theory, which states that individuals commit crimes due to anger, relative deprivation, and inequality?

Which criminologist proposed the Neutralization Theory, stating that individuals obey or disobey societal rules based on their ability to rationalize the consequences?

According to the Demonological Theory, what was believed to cause criminal behavior?

Which school of criminology argued that situations or circumstances that made it impossible to exercise free will are reasons to exempt the accused from conviction?

Who is known for advocating the Differential Opportunity Theory, which explains that society provides greater opportunities for lower class groups to engage in deviant acts?