Font size
WorksheetsEcosystem Evolution and Niches
Total questions: 41
Worksheet time: 29mins
Dogs are descended from the grey wolf, Canis lupus, by selective breeding and are thought to be first domesticated about 30,000 years ago. What is a result of this selective breeding?
Many different species of dogs exist.
The legs of different breeds of dogs show discrete variation.
Dogs have a variety of phenotypes.
The tails of dogs are analogous structures.
What is a valid comparison of bat and insect wings?
They are homologous structures formed by adaptive radiation.
They are analogous structures evolving from a common ancestor.
They are homologous structures as both have strengthened wings.
They are analogous structures as both allow flight.
What can lead to the emergence of analogous structures?
Divergent evolution from a recent common ancestor
Convergent evolution of unrelated species
Splits in the fundamental niche of a species
Splits in the realized niche of a species
Adaptive radiation provides evidence for evolution by:
showing how species adapt to different environments
demonstrating the survival of the fittest
illustrating genetic mutations over time
highlighting the role of natural selection
Two kinds of wolf spider rub specialized body parts together in order to produce distinct sounds to attract females. Females of both groups will only allow a male of the same kind to mate with them. It has been found through experimentation, however, that offspring can be produced from crossings between the two groups. What can be hypothesized?
II. They could be the same species.
I. The groups are reproductively isolated.
B. II only
III. This is an example of behavioural isolation.
A. All of the above
Increased concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide may change coral reef ecosystems by:
Enhancing coral growth
Causing coral bleaching
Reducing ocean acidity
Increasing fish populations
Explain how a plant can be genetically modified to increase crop yields.
By using selective breeding techniques
By introducing genes that enhance growth
By reducing water and nutrient requirements
By increasing resistance to pests and diseases
Explain how a population changes by natural selection.
Through random mutations without any environmental influence.
By individuals adapting during their lifetime and passing on these traits.
By the survival and reproduction of individuals best suited to the environment.
Through a sudden change in the genetic makeup of the entire population.
What is a result of natural selection?
Variation among members of a species
Heritable mutations occurring in the gametes
A decrease in the frequency of certain characteristics
Production of more offspring than survive to reproductive age
Sexual reproduction gives rise to genetic variation through which of the following processes?
Mutation
Independent assortment
Crossing over
All of the above
What is an outcome of natural selection?
Evolution
Mutations
Reproductive isolation
Variation
Domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) have evolved from grey wolves (Canis lupus). Evidence suggests that the domestication of dogs first occurred around 30,000 years ago. Which best describes the evolution giving rise to the domestic dog?
Variations in the wolf population that resembled modern dogs favored wolf survival. Which statement explains this?
The wolf produced offspring in large numbers which underwent natural selection.
Variations in the wolf population that resembled modern dogs favoured wolf survival.
Wolves showing favourable traits were selected for breeding.
Dogs were better suited to changes in the natural environment than wolves.
By the end of the 19th century in England, the dark form of the moth Biston betularia formed up to 98% of the total population in industrial areas. From 1970, the percentage of dark forms decreased significantly. What is an explanation for the decrease?
An increase in environmental pollution killed the dark forms more than the light forms.
Reduction of pollution resulted in greater camouflage for light forms of the moth.
Dark forms could no longer find mates.
Light forms had superior feeding mechanisms.
___ are the first organisms to colonize an area and begin the process of ecological succession.
foundational organisms
introductory organisms
primary organisms
pioneer species
What is the main difference between primary and secondary ecological succession?
Primary begins WITHOUT soil; Secondary begins WITH soil
Primary is the first state and secondary is the second stage
Primary builds plant community; secondary builds animal community.
Primary begins WITH soil; Secondary begins WITHOUT soil
Which of the following is the correct order of ecological succession?
grass - shrubs - lichens - trees
lichens - shrubs - grasses - trees
lichens - grasses - shrubs - trees
grasses - lichens - shrubs - trees
What is the term that describes a steady and stable community?
peak community
turf community
climax community
disturbed community
Which is faster: Primary or Secondary Succession?
Primary Succession
Secondary Succession
Both Take The Same Amount of Time
What principle states that no two species can occupy the same niche?
Natural selection
Competitive exclusion principle
Survival of the fittest
Symbiotic relationship principle
What is the difference between fundamental and realized niches?
Fundamental niches are about competition, realized niches are not
Realized niches are larger than fundamental niches
There is no difference
Fundamental niches are theoretical, realized niches are actual
Predators are an example of ...
a biotic factor
an abiotic factor
What is a quadrat
A type of bike
A sampling tool typically of one square metre, used to sample plants
A sampling tool typically of one square metre, used to sample animals
A type of hat
What is a suitable way to sample plants in a field?
Counting Random Plants
Using Quadrates
Using Pooters
Using Pitfall traps
Which of these is an example of an abiotic factor in a forest ecosystem?
sunlight
squirrel
moss
tree
behavioral isolation
temporal isolation
gametic isolation
geographic isolation
When the Grand Canyon in Arizona formed, two populations of one squirrel species were separated by the giant canyon. This is an example of _____________.
Temporal isolation
Behavioral isolation
Geographic isolation
What are the processes needed for speciation? Select all that applies.
Differential Selection
Reproductive Isolation
Realized Niches
Fundamental Niches
Which one of the following is a polyploidy cell
1n
2n
4n
non of them
Which organisms are most likely to have polyploidy?
animals
humans
plants
camels
Why do many farmers grow polyploidy plants? (more than one answer)
they are bigger
they are smaller
they are more vigorous (stronger)
they are less vigorous (stronger)
polyploidy plant cell have
new traits
small cell
big cell
dead cell
Orcas occur in the same habitat but some are avoiding each other and do not interbreed. They have different diets, vocal behavior, and social structures. What type of speciation is this?
Allopatric
Sympatric
Complex
Covergent
when the organism develops different courtship rituals which do not attract main population this is a part of ____________ speciation.
Allopatric
Sympatric
Simple
Temporal
The emergence of a mountain range is an event that would lead to _______________ speciation
Allopatric
Sympatric
Temporal
Behavioral
When the Grand Canyon in Arizona formed, two populations of one squirrel species were separated by the giant canyon. This is an example of _____________ speciation.
Allopatric
Sympatric
Simple
Divergent
What are some barriers to hybridization?
