Waves transfer energy __________ from the source of the energy.

Waves transfer energy without transferring __________.

Waves transfer energy by pushing and __________ on neighboring particles.

A wave that can travel only through __________ is a mechanical wave.

The material in which a mechanical wave travels is called a(n) __________.

A(n) __________ wave is a wave in which the disturbance is moving at right angles, or perpendicular, to the direction the wave travels.

The __________ points on a transverse wave are crests.

The __________ points on a transverse wave are troughs.

A longitudinal wave makes particles move __________ to the direction that the wave is traveling.

A vibrating object, such as a drum, is the source of __________ that produces mechanical waves.

Each __________ makes a wave.

After an object stops vibrating, __________ continue to move.

All mechanical waves travel only through __________.

Sound waves are __________ waves that can travel through solids, liquids, and gases.

Water waves are a combination of ______________________ waves and longitudinal waves.

______________________ waves are produced when parts of Earth’s upper layers move along a fault.

An electromagnetic wave can travel through a(n) ________________________ and through matter.

The type of electromagnetic waves given off by an object depends mainly on the ________________________ of the object.

The Sun’s ________________________ carry radiant energy.

The __________ of a wave is the maximum distance that the particles in a medium move from their rest position as the wave passes.

For any wave, the larger the amplitude is, the more __________ the wave carries.

The __________ of transverse waves is the distance from the rest position to the top of a crest or the bottom of a trough.

__________ waves have crests and troughs.

When the amplitude of longitudinal waves increases, the particles in the medium get closer together in the __________ and farther apart in the __________.

The amplitude of a(n) __________ wave depends on the distance between particles in the compressions and rarefactions.

__________ is the distance from one point on a wave to the same point on the next wave.

In a(n) __________ wave, a wavelength is the distance from one crest to the next crest or from one trough to the next trough.

In a(n) __________ wave, a wavelength is the distance from one compression to the next compression or from one rarefaction to the next rarefaction.

The __________ of a wave is the number of wavelengths that pass by a point each second.

Each single __________ of an object produces one wavelength.

The unit for frequency is the __________, abbreviated Hz.

As the frequency of a wave increases, the wavelength __________.

Wave speed depends on the type of wave, the __________, and the medium the wave is traveling through.

Mechanical waves, such as sound, usually travel fastest in solids and slowest in __________.

Electromagnetic waves travel fastest through a vacuum and slowest through __________________.

You can calculate the speed of a wave by multiplying its wavelength by its __________________.

One factor that affects the amount of energy absorbed is the ____________________ in which a material moves.

All materials absorb ____________________ waves.

____________________ is the passage of light through an object.

____________________ is the bouncing of a wave off a surface.

Objects that reflect all visible light appear ____________________.

Objects that do not reflect any visible light appear ____________________.

All types of waves can be ____________________ when they hit a surface.

The angle at which a wave hits a surface is the ____________________ at which it bounces off the surface.

The angle of incidence and the angle of reflection are ____________________.

Refraction occurs when a wave changes ____________________ because its speed changes.

The greater the change in speed is, the ____________________ the wave changes direction.

The change in direction of a wave when it travels by the edge of an object or travels through an opening is called ____________________.

__________ waves spread out as they travel through a doorway because their wavelengths are roughly the same width as the doorway.

The wavelengths of __________ waves are more than a million times smaller than the width of a doorway. As a result, these waves do not spread out as they travel through a doorway.

Interference occurs when waves __________ to form a new wave.

___________ interference occurs when a crest overlaps a crest or a trough overlaps a trough.

__________ interference occurs when a crest overlaps a trough.

A(n) __________ wave can form when two waves with the same wavelength overlap while they are traveling in opposite directions.