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Unit 3 Rocks and Minerals Review

Total questions: 102

Worksheet time: 1hrs 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which type of rock is formed from the solidification of magma or lava?

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

metamorphic

d)

bioclastic

2.

Where is magma located?

a)

above ground

b)

below ground

c)

in the stratosphere

d)

in the thermosphere

3.

Where is lava located?

a)

above ground

b)

below ground

c)

in the core

d)

in the mantle

4.

Describe the texture of the following igneous rock.

a)

smooth

b)

coarse

c)

vesicular

d)

glassy

5.

Describe the texture of the following igneous rock.

a)

glassy

b)

rough

c)

vesicular

d)

coarse

6.

Describe the texture of the following igneous rock (grain size 1-10 mm).

a)

vesicular

b)

glassy

c)

fine

d)

coarse

7.

Describe the texture of the following igneous rock (grain size < 1mm).

a)

glassy

b)

fine

c)

coarse

d)

vesicular

8.

Describe the mineral composition of the following igneous rock.

a)

felsic

b)

mafic

9.

Describe the mineral composition of the following igneous rock.

a)

felsic

b)

mafic

10.

Describe the environment of formation for the following igneous rock (grain size > 10 mm).

a)

intrusive

b)

extrusive

11.

Describe the environment of formation for the following igneous rock.

a)

intrusive

b)

extrusive

12.

Describe the rate of cooling for the following igneous rock (grain size 1-10 mm).

a)

slow cooling

b)

rapid cooling

13.

Describe the rate of cooling for the following igneous rock.

a)

slow cooling

b)

rapid cooling

14.

Describe the environment of formation for the following igneous rock (grain size 1-10 mm).

a)

above ground

b)

below ground

15.

Describe the environment of formation for the following igneous rock (grain size < 1 mm).

a)

above ground

b)

below ground

16.

What type of rock forms from pieces of other rocks?

¿Qué tipo de roca se forma a partir de trozos de otras rocas?

a)

Igneous rocks

Rocas ígneas

b)

Sedimentary Rocks

Rocas sedimentarias

c)

Metamorphic Rocks

Rocas metamórficas

17.

Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from the small pieces of rock?

¿Qué tipo de roca sedimentaria se forma a partir de los pequeños trozos de roca?

a)

Clastic sedimentary rocks

Rocas sedimentarias clásticas

b)

Chemical sedimentary rocks

Rocas sedimentarias químicas

c)

Organic sedimentary rocks

Rocas sedimentarias orgánicas

18.

Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from the precipitation and crystallization of dissolved minerals?

¿Qué tipo de roca sedimentaria se forma a partir de la precipitación y cristalización de minerales disueltos?

a)

Clastic sedimentary rocks

Rocas sedimentarias clásticas

b)

Chemical sedimentary rocks

Rocas sedimentarias químicas

c)

Organic sedimentary rocks

Rocas sedimentarias orgánicas

19.

Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from the remains of once living things?

¿Qué tipo de roca sedimentaria se forma a partir de los restos de seres que alguna vez vivieron?

a)

Clastic sedimentary rocks

Rocas sedimentarias clásticas

b)

Chemical sedimentary rocks

Rocas sedimentarias químicas

c)

Organic sedimentary rocks

Rocas sedimentarias orgánicas

20.

What is this rock?

¿Qué es esta roca?

a)

Breccia

b)

Conglomerate

Conglomerado

c)

Sandstone

Arenisca

21.

What is this rock?

¿Qué es esta roca?

a)

Breccia

b)

Conglomerate

Conglomerado

c)

Sandstone

Arenisca

22.

What is this rock?

¿Qué es esta roca?

a)

shale

esquisto

b)

Limestone

Caliza

c)

Coal

Carbón

23.

What is this rock?

¿Qué es esta roca?

a)

Shale

esquisto

b)

Limestone

Caliza

c)

Coal

Carbón

24.

What is this rock?

¿Qué es esta roca?

a)

Shale

esquisto

b)

Limestone

Caliza

c)

Coal

Carbón

25.

Where did this conglomerate rock most likely form?

¿Dónde probablemente se formó este conglomerado de roca?

a)
b)
c)
26.

Where did this sandstone rock most likely form?

¿Dónde se formó probablemente esta roca de arenisca?

a)
b)
c)
27.

Where did coal most likely form?

¿Dónde se formó más probablemente el carbón?

a)
b)
c)
28.

Where did this siltstone rock mostly likely form?

¿Dónde probablemente se formó esta roca de limolita?

a)
b)
c)
29.

Where did this sandstone rock mostly likely form?

¿Dónde probablemente se formó esta roca de arenisca?

a)
b)
c)
30.

Where did this coquina rock mostly likely form?

¿Dónde probablemente se formó esta roca coquina?

a)
b)
c)
31.
When the weight of new  sediment layers is deposited on top of older layers
a)
erosion
b)
compaction
c)
pressure
d)
weathering
32.
When an agent of erosion loses energy, it drops sediments:
a)
Desalination
b)
Disagregation
c)
Deposition
d)
Delimination
33.
The forces that are involved in producing sediments are
a)
Weathering and Erosion
b)
Ebb and Flow
c)
Spring and Neap
d)
Round and Round
34.
The process that squeezes sediments under pressure.
a)
Compaction
b)
Acretion
c)
Containerism
d)
Cementation
35.
When water, wind, ice or gravity removes pieces of rock, __ has occurred.
a)
Elaboration
b)
E-filing
c)
Eliminating
d)
Erosion
36.
Which layer of sedimentary rock is the oldest?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
D
d)
F
37.

The diagram below shows the sequence of the processes that turn solid rock into sandstone. Which two processes best complete this diagram?

a)

Melting and cooling

b)

Erosion and compaction

c)

Compaction and cementation

d)

Evaporation and dissolving

38.

Which of the following correctly completes the Sedimentary Rock Cycle?

a)

A = Compaction, B = Erosion, C = Cementation

b)

A = Erosion, B = Compaction, C = Cementation

c)

A = Cementation, B = Compaction, C = Erosion

d)

A = Erosion, B = Cementation, C = Compaction

39.

Which diagram models the process of compaction leading to the formation of sedimentary rock? (5.7A)

a)
b)
c)
d)
40.
This valley is a result of
a)
water erosion
b)
deposition
c)
glaciers
d)
wind
41.

Sediments are falling into the layers. What is NOT needed to make sedimentary rocks?

a)

millions of years

b)

organic matter

c)

layers of sediment

d)

compaction and cementation

42.

Which of the following is the correct order of sedimentary rock formation?

a)

weathering, deposition, compaction, erosion, cementation

b)

weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation

c)

weathering, erosion, deposition, cementation, compaction

d)

deposition, compaction, cementation, weathering, erosion

43.
Putting pressure on sediments underground is called . . . 
a)
cementation
b)
compaction
c)
weathering
d)
erosion
44.
When sediments stick together its called . . . 
a)
cementation
b)
compaction
c)
deposition
d)
erosion
45.

Which best describes deposition?

a)

sediment pressing together

b)

dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles together

c)

particles settle as loosely packed sediment

d)

running water or wind carry away fragments of rock

46.
________ are layers of sedimentary rock.
a)
Pumice
b)
Crystals
c)
Strata
d)
Magma
47.
Metamorphic rocks are foliated if their mineral grains are arranged randomly.
a)
true
b)
false
48.
The metamorphic rock __________ usually forms when limestone is subjected to heat and pressure deep beneath the surface.
a)
marble
b)
slate
c)
sandstone
49.
Because the foliated metamorphic rock __________ splits easily into flat pieces, it is used for roofing material.
a)
marble
b)
slate
c)
sandstone
50.
Heat and pressure change the sedimentary rock shale into slate.
a)
true
b)
false
51.
Metamorphic rocks form from ___.
a)
igneous rocks
b)
other metamorphic rocks
c)
sedimentary rocks
d)
all types of rocks
52.
What are the two main types of metamorphic rocks and how are they different?
a)
intrusive and extrusive; intrusive rocks are formed inside the earth and extrusive rocks are formed on the surface
b)
foliated and nonfoliated; foliated rocks do not have visible bands/layers and nonfoliated rocks do have visible bands/layers
c)
intrusive and extrusive; intrusive rocks are formed on the earth's surface and extrusive rocks are formed in the Earth
d)
foliated and nonfoliated; foliated rocks have visible bands/layers and nonfoliated rocks do not have visible bands/layers
53.
__________  metamorphic rocks have mineral grains that are not arranged in distinct bands.
a)
Conglomerate
b)
Non-foliated
c)
Foliated
d)
Permeated
54.
How do metamorphic rocks form? 
a)
Heat and Pressure
b)
Compaction & Cementation
c)
Cooling of Magma
d)
Sediments & Glue
55.
Which texture best describes the rock above?
a)
porphyritic 
b)
nonfoliated
c)
foliated
d)
clastic
56.
Metamorphic Rocks are classified by
a)
Mineral Composition
b)
Texture (foliated / non foliated)
c)
Grain Sizes
d)
How they formed.
57.
The deeper a rock is buried, the greater the pressure is on it
a)
True 
b)
False
58.
True / False: Metamorphic rocks can be metamorphosed more than once.
a)
True
b)
False
59.
This pink and black striped rock can be classified as
a)
foliated metamorphic
b)
unfoliated metamorphic
c)
clastic sedimentaary
d)
organic sedimentary
60.
Which of these is a metamorphic rock?
a)
pumice
b)
sandstone
c)
slate
d)
coal
61.
The metamorphic rock __________ usually forms when limestone is subjected to heat and pressure deep beneath the surface.
a)
marble
b)
slate
c)
sandstone
62.
Which rock family is composed of rocks that have been changed by heat, pressure, or chemicals?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Lunar
d)
Igneous
63.
What sedimentary rock is changed into slate during metamorphism?
a)
Shale
b)
Limestone
c)
Sandstone
d)
Breccia
64.
During regional metamorphism, rocks are changed mostly due to this:
a)
Pressure from tectonic activity
b)
Heat from magma
c)
Hot chemical fluids
d)
Weathering and Erosion
65.
During Contact Metamorphism, rocks are changed primarily by this:
a)
Subducting Plates
b)
Heat from magma
c)
Hot chemical fluids
d)
Pressure from tectonic activity
66.
Which of the following best describes the type of environment a metamorphic rock forms in
a)
High heat, low pressure
b)
Low heat, high pressure
c)
High heat, high pressure
d)
Low heat, low pressure
67.

Which is the process that breaks up rock on Earth’s surface?

a)

deposition

b)

melting

c)

compaction

d)

weathering

68.

Geologists have classified rocks into three major groups of rocks which are:

a)

inorganic, organic and chemical rocks

b)

igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks

c)

metamorphic, chemical and non chemical rocks

d)

sedimentary, inorganic and igneous rocks

69.

Any rock that forms from another rock as a result of changes in heat or pressure (or both) is a:

a)

chemical rock

b)

igneous rock

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

metamorphic rock

70.

Streak is the color of a mineral’s

a)

fracture

b)

luster

c)

powder

d)

cleavage

71.

What kind of igneous rock usually contains large crystals?

a)

clastic

b)

extrusive

c)

organic

d)

intrusive

72.

You find a deposit of organic limestone. In what type of rock setting did it probably form?

a)

the ocean

b)

a volcano

c)

a swamp

d)

sand dunes

73.

A rock that forms from many small fragments of other rocks is a(n)

a)

igneous rock

b)

metamorphic rock

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

extrusive rock

74.

The process by which metamorphic rock changes to igneous rock begins with

a)

melting

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

d)

crystallization

75.

Which rock cycle process causes many sedimentary rocks to have visible layers?

a)

eruption

b)

intrusion

c)

crystallization

d)

deposition

76.

If heat and pressure inside Earth cause the texture and crystal structure of a rock to change, what new material is formed?

a)

sedimentary rock

b)

metamorphic rock

c)

igneous rock

d)

chemical rock

77.

You find a rock in which the grains are arranged in wavy, parallel bands of white and black crystals. What kind of rock have you probably found?

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

metamorphic

d)

extrusive

78.

A naturally occurring solid that can form by inorganic processes and that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition.

a)

It´s a rock

b)

It´s a crystal

c)

It´s a mineral

d)

It´s a substance

79.

The particles of a mineral line up in a pattern that repeats over and over again with a pattern of a mineral’s particles that forms a translucent or transparent solid is a:

a)

granite

b)

crystal

c)

solid

d)

sand

80.

All minerals are substances that where formed by

a)

volcano activity

b)

human intervention

c)

natural processes

d)

rock deposition

81.

To be classified as a mineral, a substance must satisfy this

requirement

a)

have a definite chemical composition

b)

naturally occurring

c)

be a solid

d)

all the above

82.

The streak of a mineral is the

a)

color of the rock

b)

when it carved a line in a surface

c)

is the color of it´s powder

d)

is its hardness

83.
The movement that occurs during mass wasting is caused by what? 
a)
Wind
b)
Gravity 
c)
Ice 
d)
Water 
84.

How many people were killed from the Venezuelan disaster?

a)

Zero

b)

57

c)

234

d)

19,000

85.

Which of the following is not generally a trigger for slope failure?

a)

volcanic eruption

b)

Dry drought conditions

c)

An earthquake

d)

Heavy Rain

e)

Human construction

86.
What is a way humans can increase the risk of mass wasting? 
a)
Building on Steep Slopes
b)
Staying off the land 
c)
Maintaining Vegetation 
87.
This image show an example of a 
a)
Rock fall
b)
Slump
c)
Creep
d)
Mudflow
88.
This image show an example of a 
a)
Rock fall
b)
Slump
c)
Creep
d)
Mudflow
89.

---------- is the breakdown of rock.

a)

weathering

b)

folding

c)

mass wasting

d)

erosion

90.

Humans increase the chance of landslides in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

a)

building on unstable slopes

b)

undercutting the base of slopes to build roads

c)

removing vegetation from steep slopes

d)

planting trees on unstable slopes

91.
Why is building houses on hills in landslide danger zones not a good idea?
a)
The houses' added weight can cause landslides
b)
The houses' noise can cause landslides
c)
The animals like dog's can dig holes in the ground that can cause landslides
d)
All of the above
92.
What is one factor that lead to the landslide you see in this image?
a)
Deforestation
b)
Melting permafrost
c)
Drought
d)
Poor soil structure
93.

Identify this slope failure by the curved slip surface and the fact that much of the material remained in tact.

a)

Earth Flow

b)

Slump

c)

Solifluction

d)

Creep

94.

Mass wasting does not occur on cold, frozen tundra soils.

a)

True

b)

False

95.

When a significantly large rock falls and shatters, it becomes a

a)

rock slide

b)

debris flow

c)

rock avalanche

96.

Removing vegetation tends to ___________ the chances of a mass wasting event.

a)

increase

b)

decrease

c)

does not affect mass wasting

97.
What factor causes a mudslide? 
a)
the amount of CO2 in the area
b)
the amount of pollution in an area
c)
the amount of wind in an area
d)
the amount of rain in an area 
98.

Is an avalanche a type of landslide?

a)

yes

b)

no

99.
Which of the following is not an example of mass wasting? 
a)
Landslide
b)
Slump
c)
Flood
d)
Creep 
100.
True/False: The material from a landslide will eventually come to a rest, usually in a flat place. 
a)
True 
b)
False 
101.
What is the correct order of the processes?
a)
they all happen at the same time
b)
erosion, weathering, deposition
c)
weathering, erosion, deposition
d)
weathering, deposition, erosion
102.

The MOST DESTRUCTIVE type of mass movement is a

a)

slump

b)

landslide

c)

mudflow

d)

soil creep

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