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Dental Anatomy and Embryology Midterm Review

Total questions: 112

Worksheet time: 2hrs 52mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following layers make up the bulk of nonkeratinized epithelium in the oral cavity?

a)

Intermediate layer

b)

Basal layer

c)

Papillary layer

d)

Epithelial layer

2.

What is the most common cell in the lamina propria of oral mucosa?

a)

Fibroblast

b)

Lysosome

c)

Mast cell

d)

Cytoplasm

3.

What is the most common cell in the periodontal ligament?

a)

Fibroblast

b)

Lysosome

c)

Mast cell

d)

Cytoplasm

4.

Which lingual papillae are found in lesser numbers on the body of the dorsal surface of the tongue?

a)

Filiform

b)

Fungiform

c)

Foliate

d)

Circumvallate

5.

Which of the following lingual papillae are involved in the normal variation of geographic tongue?

a)

Filiform

b)

Fungiform

c)

Foliate

d)

Circumvallate

6.

Which of the following lingual papillae are involved in the lesion of black hairy tongue?

a)

Filiform

b)

Fungiform

c)

Foliate

d)

Circumvallate

7.

The attachment of the JE to the tooth surface can occur on enamel, cementum or dentin.

a)

True

b)

False

8.

Dentinogenesis imperfecta results in an opalescent or brownish/blue color of the teeth. 

a)

True

b)

False

9.

Name the structure to which line A is pointing.

a)

uvula

b)

tonsil

c)

tongue

d)

tooth

10.

How many teeth do adults have?

a)

22

b)

45

c)

32

d)

15

11.

How many baby teeth do children have?

a)
32
b)
10
c)
20
d)
16
12.

How many x-type chromosomes are necessary for the embryo to become the female gender when present during prenatal development?

a)

One

b)

Two

c)

Three

d)

Four

13.

Found in early prenatal development, the neural tube will form into what future structure?

a)

Heart

b)

Spinal cord

c)

Face

d)

Digestive tract

14.

Implantation of the zygote that occurs outside of the uterus during prenatal development is called what?

a)

Ectopic pregnancy

b)

Placental abruption

c)

Tubal pregnancy

d)

Embryonic adhesion

15.

From which structure during prenatal development is the palatine tonsillar tissue derived?

a)

First branchial arches

b)

First pharyngeal pouches

c)

Second branchial arches

d)

Second pharyngeal pouches

16.

Which of the following contribute to the philtrum during prenatal development?

a)

Two mandibular processess

b)

Two medial nasal processes

c)

One lateral nasal process

d)

One maxillary process

17.

Which teeth are associated with the further development of the primary palate?

a)

Maxillary incisors

b)

Mandibular incisors

c)

Maxillary canines

d)

Mandibular posterior teeth

18.

Which of the following is the superficial demarcation of the fusion of the two lateral lingual swellings during tongue development.

a)

Tuberculum impar

b)

Copula

c)

Median lingual sulcus

d)

Sulcus terminalis

19.

During which week of prenatal development is the palate completed?

a)

Fifth

b)

Eighth

c)

Tenth

d)

Twelth

20.

When does tongue development occur during prenatal development?

a)

During fourth and fifth week

b)

During fourth and eighth week

c)

During eighth and tenth week

d)

During eighth and twelfth week

21.

What do cementoblasts become after they are entrapped in the cementum?

a)

Odontoclasts

b)

Odontoblasts

c)

Cementocytes

d)

Dental sac cells

22.

Which cells create dentin?

a)

Odontoclasts

b)

Odontoblasts

c)

Cementocytes

d)

Dental sac cells

23.

With occlusal trauma, widening can occur in what tooth structure?

a)

Periodontal ligament

b)

Gingival sulcus

c)

Alveolar crest

d)

Gingival fibers

24.

Which type of dentin makes up the largest part of the tooth?

a)

Mantle dentin

b)

Secondary dentin

c)

Interglobular dentin

d)

Tomes granular layer

25.

What angulation does the periodontal ligament attach the cementum of a tooth?

a)

45 degrees

b)

90 degrees

c)

110 degrees

d)

180 degrees

26.

What is the approximate amount of inorganic material in mature enamel?

a)

50%

b)

67%

c)

70%

d)

96%

27.

Which of the following can result from excessive systemic fluoride during tooth development?

a)

Dentin dysplasia

b)

Enamel dysplasia

c)

Abfraction

d)

Erosion

28.

Which of the following are noted as small, dark brushes with their bases near the dentinoenamel junction of mature enamel?

a)

Enamel tufts

b)

Enamel lamallae

c)

Enamel rods

d)

Enamel spindles

29.

Which of the following permanent teeth show the most attrition of enamel over time?

a)

First molars

b)

Second molars

c)

Third molars

d)

All are equal

30.

The foramen cecum of the tongue is located where?

a)

Groove pointing toward the pharynx

b)

Median line demarcating the fusion of the tongue

c)

Depression at the apex of the sulcus terminalis

d)

Collection of diffuse tonsillar tissue

31.

The interdental gingiva assumes a nonvisible concave form between the facial and lingual surfaces called what?

a)

Col

b)

Papilla

c)

Free gingival crest

d)

Gingival apex of the contour

32.

Which lingual papillae are the most numerous?

a)

Circumvallate

b)

Foliate

c)

Fungiform

d)

Filiform

33.

What type of oral mucosa includes the lingual papillae of both the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the tongue?

a)

Alveolar mucosa

b)

Masticatory mucosa

c)

Specialized mucosa

d)

Lining mucosa

34.

What type of oral mucosa is the soft palate?

a)

Alveolar mucosa

b)

Masticatory mucosa

c)

Specialized mucosa

d)

Lining mucosa

35.

What type of oral mucosa is the attached gingiva?

a)

Alveolar mucosa

b)

Masticatory mucosa

c)

Specialized mucosa

d)

Lining mucosa

36.

What are fordyce spots?

a)

Salivary gland tissue trapped in lamina propria

b)

Deposits of sebum from misplaced sebaceous gland tissue

c)

Hyperkeratinized areas from local tissue trauma

d)

Remnants of tonsillar tissue misplaced in epithelium

37.

What is the term used to describe a tissue that lacks a blood supply?

a)

Avascular

b)

Vascular

c)

Dysvascular

d)

Vascularity

38.

What is the term for a collection of similarly specialized cells in the body?

a)

Organ

b)

Tissue

c)

Cell

d)

System

39.

What causes enamel hypocalcification?

a)

An increased number of ameloblasts

b)

A reduction in quantity of enamel matrix

c)

Grooves and pitting on enamel surface

d)

Interference in metabolic processes of ameloblasts

40.

The absence of a single tooth germ or multiple teeth, results from a lack of initiation during the development of what structure?

a)

Dental lamina

b)

Dental pulp

c)

Enamel organ

d)

Alveolar bone

41.

Which embryonic structure is specifically responsible for the development of the root?

a)

Cervical loop

b)

Dental sac

c)

Enamel organ

d)

Dental lamina

42.

During what period of prenatal development is most of the permanent dentition formed?

a)

Preimplantation period

b)

Embryonic period

c)

Fetal period

d)

In adolescence

43.

What is the angled part of the ameloblast that secretes the enamel matrix?

a)

Tomes process

b)

Enamel rod

c)

Enamel spindles

d)

Neonatal line

44.

What happens to the specific cells from the enamel organ that will differentiate into preameloblasts?

a)

They undergo apoptosis

b)

The nuclei repolorize

c)

They migrate to the dental papilla

d)

They migrate to the dental sac

45.

Which stage of tooth formation occurs for the primary dentition during the eleventh and twelfth week of prenatal development?

a)

Bud stage

b)

Cap stage

c)

Bell stage

d)

Apposition

46.

During the cap stage of tooth development, the tooth germ consists of which of the following?

a)

Enamel organ

b)

Dental sac

c)

Dental papilla

d)

All of the above

47.

The periodontal ligament directly forms from which part of the developing tooth germ?

a)

Enamel organ

b)

Dental sac

c)

Dental papilla

d)

All of the above

48.

During tooth development, both the pulp and dentin in the mature tooth are products of which of the following?

a)

Enamel organ

b)

Dental sac

c)

Dental papilla

d)

All of the above

49.

How many buds in the dental lamina appear along each dental arch during odontogenesis of the primary dentition?

a)

5

b)

10

c)

20

d)

32

50.

Which teeth in the permanent dentition erupt first?

a)

Mandibular first molar

b)

Maxillary first molar

c)

Mandibular central incisors

d)

Mandibular lateral incisors

51.

Which teeth in the primary dentition erupt first?

a)

Mandibular first molar

b)

Maxillary first molar

c)

Mandibular central incisors

d)

Mandibular lateral incisors

52.

What teeth erupt after the first molars, anteriors, and premolar eruption

a)

Maxillary canines

b)

Mandibular canines

c)

Maxillary second molars

d)

Mandibular second molars

53.

The roots of baby teeth are completely formed one year after eruption.

a)

True

b)

False

54.

Which of the following conditions primarily involves the abnormal development of one or more ectodermal structures during the embryonic period?

a)

Treacher Collins syndrome

b)

Ectodermal dysplasia

c)

Congenital syphillis

d)

Fetal alcohol syndrome

55.

What is the term for a substance that negatively affects the fetus during pregnancy?

a)

Carcinogen

b)

Mutagen

c)

Teratogen

d)

Endocrine disruptor

56.

What bilateral button-like structures form the anterior part of the frontonasal process just superior to the stomodeum?

a)

Lens placodes

b)

Frontal process

c)

Maxillary arch

d)

Nasal placodes

57.

The upper part of the face is derived from what process?

a)

Lens placodes

b)

Frontal process

c)

Maxillary arch

d)

Nasal placodes

58.

What embryonic structure becomes the oral cavity proper?

a)

Lens placodes

b)

Maxillary arch

c)

Stomodeum

d)

Nasal placodes

59.

What condition results when a single tooth germ attempts to divide?

a)

Gemination

b)

Fusion

c)

Anodontia

d)

Microdontia

60.

What is the term for abnormally small teeth?

a)

Macrodontia

b)

Fusion

c)

Anodontia

d)

Microdontia

61.

What is the term for abnormally root curvature?

a)

Dens in dente

b)

Fusion

c)

Gemination

d)

Dilaceration

62.

What is the smallest living unit of organization in the body?

a)

Organelle

b)

Cell

c)

Tissue

d)

Organ system

63.

Which of the following basic tissue types is usually composed of fewer cells spaced farther apart and containing larger amounts of matrix between the cells?

a)

Epithelium

b)

Nerve tissue

c)

Muscle tissue

d)

Connective tissue

64.

What type of cell junction binds a cell to a tissue?

a)

Hemidesmosome

b)

Keratin

c)

Desmosome

d)

Collagen

65.

What does the word part "-blast" mean?

a)

Destruction

b)

Development

c)

Nipple shaped

d)

Flat

66.

What is the most common site for oral cancer?

a)

Lateral border of the tongue

b)

Buccal of the cheek

c)

Palate

d)

Uvula

67.

Patients with a tongue ring are at an increased risk of infection

a)

True

b)

False

68.

The posterior part of the tongue consists of tightly packed muscle bundles and the anterior part contains adipose tissue and minor salivary glands.

a)

True

b)

False

69.

The junctional epithelium is attached to the tooth by means of external basal lamina. It is attached to the connective tissue by the internal basal lamina.

a)

Both statements are true

b)

Both statements are false

c)

The first statement is true; the second is false

d)

The first statement is false; the second is true

70.

What type of cell is enamel matrix produced by?

a)

Ameloblasts

b)

Odontoblasts

c)

Odontoclasts

d)

Cementoblasts

71.

Which of the following is most radiolucent?

a)

Enamel

b)

Dentin

c)

Pulp

d)

Amalgam

72.

What is the most highly calcified tissue in the human body?

a)

Enamel

b)

Dentin

c)

Pulp

d)

Amalgam

73.

What type of dentin is reactionary, forming in response to external stimuli?

a)

Mantle dentin

b)

Primary dentin

c)

Secondary dentin

d)

Tertiary dentin

74.

What is the role of the Hertwig's epithelial root sheath in tooth development?

a)

To form the enamel

b)

To shape the roots

c)

To form the dental pulp

d)

To form the periodontal ligament

75.

Which of the following types of dental tissue provides the vascular nutrition for the tooth’s cementum?

a)

Dentin

b)

Epithelial cells

c)

Periodontal ligament

d)

Alveolar process

76.

Which of these fiber groups does not have any cemental insertion?

a)

Interdental ligament

b)

Circular ligament

c)

Alveodental ligament

d)

Interradicular group

77.

Which of the following statements concerning the oblique group of the periodontal ligament is correct?

a)

Found only in multi rooted teeth

b)

Resists intrusive forces to the tooth

c)

Resists tilting forces to the tooth

d)

It is a gingival fiber

78.

Which of the following includes both the supporting soft and hard dental tissue between and including parts of the tooth and surrounding bone?

a)

Periodontal ligament

b)

Periodontium

c)

Alveolar bone

d)

Gingiva

79.

Which of the following is a window-like opening in bone?

a)

Fenestration

b)

Dehiscence

c)

Alveolar crest

d)

Cortical bone

80.

What type of epithelial keratinization is found in the hard palate?

a)

Orthokeratinization

b)

Parakeratinization

c)

Keratinized

d)

Non-keratinized

81.

What kind of keratinization is the attached gingiva?

a)

Orthokeratinization

b)

Parakeratinization

c)

Keratinized

d)

Non-keratinized

82.

What is the covering that is sometimes found on the newly erupted teeth?

a)

Nasmyth membrane

b)

Enamel matrix

c)

Reduced enamel epithelium

d)

Fluoride

83.

Where do the ameloblasts and odontoblasts meet?

a)

Cementoenamel junction

b)

Dentinoenamel junction

c)

Pulp-dentin interface

d)

Amelodentin junction

84.

When enamel is laid down, what part of the tooth does it form on first?

a)

Incisal edges

b)

Cervical portion

c)

Root

d)

Lingual surface

85.

What separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity?

a)

Palate

b)

Mandible

c)

Tongue

d)

Lingual fossa

86.

What happens if the palate does not fuse properly with the inter-maxillary segment?

a)

Cleft lip

b)

Palatine rugae

c)

Platine raphe

d)

Deviated septum

87.

What fibers help cushion the forces caused by occlusal impact?

a)

Horizontal

b)

Oblique

c)

Interradicular

d)

Apical

88.

Permanent teeth type without primary predecessors that are also known as what?

a)

Nonsuccedaneous

b)

Succedaneous

c)

Anodontia

d)

Hypodontia

89.

What is the term for a small spherical enamel projection near cementoenamel junction?

a)

Enamel pearl

b)

Epstein pearl

c)

Enamel spur

d)

Cusp of Carabelli

90.

Where is cellular cementum most likely found?

a)

Cervical part of the root

b)

Entire root of an unerupted tooth

c)

Apical part of the root

d)

Furcation region of the root

91.

Bone loss from periodontitis first becomes evident in the alveolar crestal bone.

a)

True

b)

False

92.

What are the smaller extensions of coronal pulp into the cusps of posterior teeth termed?

a)

Accessory canals

b)

Lateral canals

c)

Pulp horns

d)

Pulp canals

93.

Which of the following pulp structures is formed when Hertwig epithelial root sheath encounters a blood vessel?

a)

Pulp horn

b)

Pulp chamber

c)

Apical foramen

d)

Accessory canal

94.

Which is the only sensation perceived by the brain from the pulp's sensory nerves?

a)

Taste

b)

Pain

c)

Pressure

d)

Temperature

95.

Which of the following occurs with the deposition of minerals into mature enamel?

a)

Demineralization

b)

Erosion

c)

Remineralization

d)

Abfraction

96.

Each of the following are associated with the incremental nature of enamel EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

a)

Tomes granular layer

b)

Perikymata

c)

Lines of Retizius

d)

Imbrication lines of von Ebner

97.

What is the basic crystalline structural unit of enamel?

a)

Rods

b)

Tubules

c)

Cuticles

d)

Granules

98.

What do ameloblasts become after enamel maturation is complete?

a)

Odontoclasts

b)

Hertwig epithelial root sheath

c)

Cervical loop

d)

Reduced enamel epithelium

99.

Which of the following cell types are nonrenewable?

a)

Ameloblasts

b)

Odontoblasts

c)

Odontoclasts

d)

Cementoblasts

100.

The attached gingiva is what type of oral mucosa?

a)

Alveolar

b)

Specialized

c)

Lining

d)

Masticatory

101.

In the oral cavity, masticatory mucosa always contains a prickle layer.

a)

True

b)

False

102.

Epithelium is avascular.

a)

True

b)

False

103.

What structure separates epithelium from connective tissue?

a)

Submucosa

b)

Basement membrane

c)

Periosteum

d)

Endosteum

104.

What is the function of the Golgi complex?

a)

Metabolizes foreign compounds

b)

Produces energy

c)

Produces ribosomes

d)

Packages protein compounds

105.

What is the term of absence of one or more teeth?

a)

Gemination

b)

Dens in dente

c)

Supernumerary teeth

d)

Anodontia

106.

What period of prenatal development is most of the permanent dentition formed?

a)

Fetal period

b)

Embryonic period

c)

Preimplantation period

d)

None of the above

107.

What stage occurs during the eleventh and twelfth week?

a)

Initiation

b)

Bell

c)

Bud

d)

Cap

108.

The tongue develops from multiple swellings derived from what?

a)

Maxillary process

b)

Growth of the intermaxillary segment

c)

First four branchial arches

d)

Palatal shelves

109.

Cleft lip is most commonly found in men.

a)

True

b)

False

110.

How many processes are considered major growth centers for the face?

a)

Two

b)

Three

c)

Four

d)

Five

111.

What week is facial development complete?

a)

Fifth

b)

Sixth

c)

Eighth

d)

Twelfth

112.

What is the term for round, thickened ectoderm found at the location of developing sense organs?

a)

Placodes

b)

Branchial pouches

c)

Processes

d)

Pharyngeal/branchial arches