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Bio 111 Exam 2 Review

Total questions: 81

Worksheet time: 1hrs 1mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the function of epithelial cells?

a)

Act as barriers between the external environment, or between organs and fluid-filled cavities

b)

Provide movement by pulling on bones

c)

Provide secretions which help to digest food

d)

Act as the messaging pathway between different areas of the body

2.

What type of connective tissue is found at the ends of bones to reduce friction?

a)

Dense connective tissue

b)

Cartilage

c)

Adipose tissue

d)

Loose connective tissue

3.
a)
smooth muscle
b)
bone
c)
nerve
d)
blood
4.
The common term for adipose tissue is
a)
Fat
b)
Blood
c)
Bone
d)
Cartilage
5.
What are the four main tissues found in the body?
a)
Epithelial, Connective, Bone, Blood
b)
Muscle, Connective, Blood, Epithelial
c)
Nervous, Muscle, Connective, Epithelial
d)
Nervous, Muscle, Connective, Bone
6.
Intercalated discs are found in which muscle type?
a)
Cardiac
b)
Skeletal
c)
Lateral
d)
Smooth 
7.
Which type of muscle cells are voluntary? 
a)
Skeletal
b)
Cardiac
c)
Medial 
d)
Smooth 
8.
Which type of membrane is found around joints? 
a)
Serous
b)
Mucous
c)
Synovial
d)
Cutaneous 
9.
Which type of tissue is this? 
a)
Cardiac
b)
Nervous
c)
Epithelial
d)
Muscle 
10.
This type of epithelium has only one layer of cells
a)
Stratified epithelium
b)
Simple epithelium
11.

According to the picture, where is the basement membrane?

a)

Apical Side

b)

Columnar Cells

c)

Avascular Tissue

d)

Basal Side

12.
Flattened cells
a)
Squamous
b)
Cuboidal
c)
Columnar
13.
Identify:
a)
Smooth Muscle
b)
Columnar
c)
Transitional
d)
Pseudostratified
14.
Where is epithelial tissue found?
a)
glands
b)
covering body surfaces
c)
lines organs
d)
all of the above
15.

The tissue type shown in the line drawing is ___ tissue

a)

Blood

b)

Reticular

c)

Adipose

d)

Bone

e)

Reticular Connective

16.

What tissue type is blood primarily composed of?

a)

epithelial

b)

connective

c)

muscle

d)

nervous

17.

Groups of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common or related function are called

a)

membranes

b)

tissues

c)

organs

d)

cellular systems

18.

Collagenous and elastic fibers are found extensively in

a)

epithelial

b)

nervous

c)

connective

d)

muscle

19.

During childbirth, a woman's body overproduces a hormone called oxytocin until the baby is born. What kind of feedback loop would this be?

a)

Negative Feedback Loop

b)

Positive Feedback Loop

c)

Neutral Feedback Loop

d)

Linear Feedback Loop

20.

When you are hot, your body sweats to cool you down. This means your temperature went above normal, and your body sweats to counteract that change to bring you back to normal. What kind of feedback loop would this be?

a)

Negative Feedback Loop

b)

Positive Feedback Loop

c)

Neutral Feedback Loop

d)

Linear Feedback Loop

21.

Positive Feedback loops are...

a)

Counteract changes that move above or below set values.

b)

More common.

c)

Regulate body temperature.

d)

Purposeful pushes above normal set values.

22.

Negative Feedback loops are...

a)

Purposeful pushes above normal set values.

b)

Counteract a change to bring it back to normal set values.

c)

Are rare.

d)

Help with childbirth.

23.

Which component of the homeostatic system detects change?

a)

Effector

b)

Control Center

c)

Stimulus

d)

Receptor

24.

A change inside the organism caused by the initiation event is the ...

a)

response

b)

effector

c)

control center

d)

stimulus

25.

What detects that the system is outside of homeostasis and adjustments need to be made?

a)

effector

b)

response

c)

control center

d)

stimulus

26.

The top layer of the skin is the

a)

epidermis

b)

dermis

c)

hypodermis

27.

This layer is composed of connective tissue

a)

epidermis

b)

dermis

c)

hypodermis

28.

This layer is composed of adipose tissue.

a)

epidermis

b)

dermis

c)

hypodermis

29.

The pericardial membrane is an example of:

a)

cutaneous membrane

b)

mucous membrane

c)

serous membrane

d)

synovial membrane

30.

Skin would be classified as:

a)

cutaneous membrane

b)

mucous membrane

c)

serous membrane

d)

synovial membrane

31.

Which of the following is NOT a major function of the integumentary system?

a)

protection

b)

temperature regulation

c)

excretion

d)

water absorption

32.

The small muscles attached to hair follicles in mammals (that can create goosebumps in humans) are called

a)

arrector pili

b)

flexor carpi

c)

latissimus dorsi

d)

sartorius

33.

Sebaceous glands refer to

a)

Sweat glands

b)

Hair glands

c)

Oil glands

d)

Exocrine glands

34.

Melanin gives us the color of

a)

Varying shades of yellow to black

b)

Varying shades of orange

c)

Varying shades of green

d)

Varying shades of purple

35.

The nails are mostly made up of

a)

Sebum

b)

Follicular cells

c)

Hard keratin

d)

Simple squamous cells

36.

What is the largest organ in the human body?

a)

Heart

b)

Lungs

c)

Skin

d)

Intestines

37.

What protects our skin from the sun?

a)

Keratin

b)

Melanin

c)

Sweat

d)

Capillaries

38.

Which cell is found in all layers of the epidermis?

a)

Melanocytes

b)

Keratinocytes

c)

Merkel Discs

d)

Langerhans

39.

Where are sebaceous glands NOT found?

a)

palms and soles of feet

b)

face

c)

they're found everywhere

40.

Sweating and shivering are your body's way of regulating ______________.

a)

Hair growth

b)

Water loss

c)

Temperature

d)

Vitamin D absorption

41.

Where can you find dead skin cells?

a)

Your innermost layer of skin

b)

Your outermost layer of skin

c)

The border between the epidermis and the dermis

d)

The border between the dermis and the hypodermis

42.

Which layer of the skin is composed of connective tissue?

a)

Dermis

b)

Epidermis

c)

Stratum Spinosum

d)

Stratum Basale

43.

The skin helps in the production of which vitamin?

a)

vitamin D

b)

vitamin B

c)

vitamin C

d)

vitamin A

44.

What are the three types of muscle?

a)

Smooth, Hard, Cardiac

b)

Cardiac, Smooth, Skeletal

c)

Skeleton, Heart, Bladder

45.

Which muscle characteristic allows the muscle to return to resting length after contraction?

a)

Contractility

b)

Excitability

c)

Extensibility

d)

Tension

46.

What is the name of the plasma membrane surrounding each muscle fiber?

a)

T Tubule

b)

Sarcolemma

c)

Sarcoplasm

d)

Nucleus

47.

What is the contractile unit of the muscle?

a)

Z disk

b)

Sarcomere

c)

Muscle fiber

d)

Muscle cell

48.

What protein makes up the thick filaments?

a)

Troponin

b)

Tropomyosin

c)

Myosin

d)

Actin

49.

What is the name of the neurotransmitter that is released from the neuron to the sarcolemma?

a)

Acetylcholine

b)

Acetone

c)

ATP

d)

Calcium

50.

Which of these occurs first during a muscle contraction?

a)

The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

ACh is released and opens Na ion channels

c)

The sarcomere shortens

d)

The myosin binds to the actin

51.

Which of these occurs last during a muscle contraction?

a)

The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

ACh is released and opens Na ion channels

c)

The sarcomere shortens

d)

The myosin binds to the actin

52.

What is the energy source that is used for all contractions?

a)

Glucose

b)

Creatine

c)

ATP

d)

Oxygen

53.

What is listed from smallest to largest correctly?

a)

Sarcomere, fascicle, muscle fiber

b)

Myofibril, sarcomere, fascicle

c)

Sarcomere, myofibril, muscle fiber

d)

Myofibril, fascicle, sarcomere

54.

Skeletal muscles are responsible for moving

a)

The heart

b)

The skeleton

c)

the pancreas

d)

The brain

55.

Which of the following muscle types are voluntary?

a)

Skeletal

b)

Cardiac

c)

Smooth muscle

56.

During a muscle contraction, cross-bridges from between what two structures?

a)

Actin and myosin fibers

b)

neuron and muscle

c)

mitochondria and actin

57.

Actin in myofibril

a)

sarcomere

b)

thin filament

c)

thick filament

d)

sarcolemma

58.

During muscle fiber contraction: Z lines __________

a)

are unchanged

b)

move farther apart

c)

move closer together

d)

line up with each other

59.
This type of muscle tissue is found only in the heart
a)
Skeletal
b)
Cardiac
c)
Smooth
60.

Which type(s) of muscle tissue have striations

a)
Only Cardiac Muscle
b)
Only Skeletal Muscle
c)
Only Smooth Muscle
d)
Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle
61.
The gap between a neuron and a muscle cell: (#4 in the diagram)
a)

synaptic cleft (synapse)

b)

sarcolemma

c)

vesicle

d)

Ca2+ ion

62.

Muscles are attached to bones by _____.

a)

Ligaments

b)

Tendons

c)

Cartilage

d)

Axons

63.

Which of the following best describes the power stoke?

a)

actin's troponin pulls on the myosin filament

b)

myosin filament heads pull on binding sites of the actin filament

c)

myosin filaments pull on the Z lines of the actin filament

d)

The A bands shrink

64.

The enzyme cholinesterase causes acetylcholine to

a)

be secreted from the motor end plate.

b)

form cross bridges.

c)

bind to actin.

d)

decompose.

65.

Which cell organelle provides energy for muscle contraction?

a)

lysosome

b)

nucleus

c)

endoplasmic reticulum

d)

mitochondria

66.

When recruitment occurs, the number of motor units being activated

a)

increases

b)

decreases

67.

Which of the following is also known as a muscle cell?

a)

Muscle

b)

Myofibril

c)

Fascicle

d)

Muscle fiber

68.

This type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of hollow organs such as the stomach and the digestive tract.

a)

Skeletal

b)

Cardiac

c)

Smooth

69.

Muscle fatigue is...

a)

when the muscle is unable to contract

b)

when you are too tired to exercise

c)

when the muscle is contracted more than 30 secondsd

d)

when O2 comes from direct phosphorylation

70.

Which typically requires the most oxygen?

a)

Slow Twitch

b)

Fast Twitch

71.

Which can work for the longest period of time?

a)

Slow Twitch

b)

Fast Twitch

72.

Which would be better for short periods of very hard work?

a)

Slow Twitch

b)

Fast Twitch

73.

Which is considered the "main mover"

a)

Agonist muscle

b)

Antagonist muscle

c)

Smooth muscle

d)

Cardiac muscle

74.

What type of muscle is considered the opposing muscle during a given movement

a)

Agonist muscle

b)

Antagonist muscle

c)

Smooth muscle

d)

Cardiac muscle

75.
A place where two bones meet is called a 
a)
Hip Bone
b)
Synovial Fluid
c)
Joint
d)
Biceps
76.
___ and ___ are regulatory proteins bound to actin. 
a)
Troponin and tropomyosin
b)
Myosin and actin
c)
Calcium and Oxygen
d)
Glycogen and hemoglobin
77.

__________ motor units are found in muscles that perform precise or fine movements. Examples would be those found in the eyes and fingers.

a)

Small

b)

Large

c)

Mixed

78.

The model of muscle movement is called

a)

Sliding Action Model

b)

Action Potential Model

c)

Sliding Filament Model

d)

Action Contraction Model

79.

The immovable end of a muscle.

a)

motor unit

b)

insertion

c)

origin

d)

action potential

80.

More and more fibers contract as the intensity of the stimulus increases

a)

recruitment

b)

muscle cramp

c)

hypertrophy

d)

atrophy

81.

The movable end of the muscle.

a)

Insertion

b)

Origin

c)

Motor Unit

d)

Action Potential

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