A tissue developing mainly from the middle layer of the embryo

Consists largely of viscous ground substance with few collagen fibers

Connective Tissue Proper except

embryonic connective tissues except

Specialized connective tissue except

Connective Tissue cells except

Connective Tissue Fibers except

Extracellular Matrix contains

Embryonic multipotent cells. Rarely present in adults; if present, found in bone marrow and CT near capillaries

True CT Cells. synthesizes collagen, reticular and elastic connective tissue fibers, glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and adhesive glycoproteins of ground substance

Abundant in reticular tissue. Fibroblasts that are specialized to synthesize Type III Collagen

Stores fat as a single large droplet and pushes nuclei to the side

when fat is stored, white adipose cells push the nuclei to the side forming a

When a fat cell is only starting to accumulate fat, it is called a

It functions as insulation and fat pads for organ protection

Highly vascularized owing to high metabolic activity

Hormone that increases lipid metabolism

cells smaller than white adipose cells. It stores fat as multiple lipid droplets (multilocular)

Found in hibernating animals and newborn individuals generating body heat

Functions in local inflammatory response, tissue repair, and innate immunity

Secretory Granule as anticoagulant

Secretory Granule promoting smooth muscle contraction which increases vascular permeability

Secretory Granule that is an activator of inflammatory mediators

Secretory Granule that attracts leukocytes

Precursors converted to inflammatory mediators

Polypeptides that direct activities of leukocytes

Located numerous near small blood vessels in skin and mesentery, and tissues that lines the digestive tract

Mast cells placing themselves strategically in these locations suggest that they function as _________ detecting invasion by pathogens

Antibody-producing cells with a life span of 10-20 days. they differentiate from B-Lymphocytes and are numerous in CT that are readily accessible to foreign proteins and bacteria such as the lamina of the digestive tract

These are nucleated cells in blood performing their functions in connective tissues then undergo apoptosis

Examples of Leukocytes except

Descendent of monocytes. These are part of inflammatory response in their Wandering state while not as active when in Resident State

Functions in Phagocytic action, Immune response, and Turnover of proteins in the CT

Present in all connective Tissue; dominant fiber type in most CT and forms Bundles of Fibers

Provides tensile strength. Its tensile strength is greater than steel. It is flexible but inelastic

It is made up of Type I Collagen and stains with H&E

Most abundant protein in the body containing 3 polypeptide chains

How many distinct types of collagen is there?

Fibroblasts of the bone

Fibroblasts of the cartilage

Collagen are formed in

Collagen has a precursor protein secreted into the ECM called

Collagen that has polypeptide subunits that aggregate to form large fibrils

Collagen that has subunits produced by epithelial cells; major structural protein of external laminae and all epithelial basal laminae

Short collagens that link Fibrillar collagens to one another in order to form large fibers; and to other components of the ECM

Bone, Skin, Tendon, Fascia, Cornea, LATE wound repair

Cartilage (Hyaline and Elastic), Vitreous body, Nucleus pulposus

Reticulin (Skin), Blood vessels, Uterus, Fetal Tissue, Granulation tissue

Basal Membrane or Basal Lamina

Beneath stratified squamous epithelium (anchors basal lamina to collagen fibers in the dermis)

Important in cross-linking of collagen

Abnormal amount of Type I Collagen in scar tissue

Skin breaks and blisters occur even with minor trauma. caused by mutations in type VII Collagen

Type III Collagen is a precursor protein synthesized by

Fine fibers that form networks instead of thick bundles. They tend to branch and anastomose

Functions by surrounding individual smooth muscles, adipocytes, nerve tissues, small blood vessels, stroma of spleen, liver, lymph nodes, and endocrine glands. It appears dark brown with silver stain (argyrophilic)

Made up of Elastin; precursor proteins are released by fibroblasts and mesenchymal cells in CT

Thinner than Collagen Fibers and form sparse networks interspersed with collagen bundles.

Located in stroma of lungs, large blood vessels, elastic ligaments, vocal cords, ligamentum flavum, ear auricles, bladder. it stains dark brown with silver stain (Argyrophilic)

Connective tissue protein with rubber-like properties that functions for extensibility and elastic recoil

Cross-link molecule of elastin

Mutation in fibrillin. Stature becomes tall, thin, long upper limbs and fingers.

Common cause of death of Marfan Syndrome cases

Transparent, amorphous, homogenous, gel-like material

main components of Ground substance combined with water

It fills the space between cells and the fibers of the CT. It is the medium for exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste from blood to CT and vice versa

Water in ground substance is called

Interstitial fluid has an ion composition similar to that of

Excessive accumulation of interstitial fluid

Highly polar and negatively charged disaccharides. Has strong tendency in attracting water molecules into the matrix

Largest, most abundant GAG that lacks sulfate group

Sythesizes the largest most abundant GAG by an enzyme called

4 major sulfated GAGs except

Synthesized on the RER and matures in the Golgi apparatus where GAG side chains are attached and is then secreted into the matrix via exocytosis

Key Proteoglycan in the basal lamina

Large Proteoglycan and is the most abundant in the cartilage

two GAGS that form Aggrecan

Binds the surface of Type I Collagen Fibers to syndecan which binds to integral membrane core protein

Responsible for gelatinous character of Ground substance

Large molecules with branched oligosaccharide chains that have multiple binding sites for cell surface integrins and for other matrix macromolecules and functions in cell adhesion and migration

Notable Glycoproteins except