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WorksheetsSkeletal and Muscular System
Total questions: 80
Worksheet time: 41mins
Chondrocytes are mature cartilage cells found within in the _______ and they are derived from ________
perichondrium, fibroblasts
perichondrium, chondroblasts
lacunae, fibroblasts
lacunae, chondroblasts
Which of the following substances make up the major portion of bone?
collagen
hydroxyapatite
osteocytes
osteoblasts
The flexibility of bone is due to
osteoclasts
ligaments
calcium salts
collagen fibers
Which of the following connective tissue membranes cover the surface of mature bones?
periosteum
perichondrium
hyaline cartilage
fibroblasts
A fracture in the shaft of a bone would be a break in the
epiphysis
perichondrium
diaphysis
articular cartilage
The portion of the long bone that stores yellow marrow in adults is the
medullary cavity
spongy bone
compact bone
epiphysis
Intramembranous bone formation
occurs in the epiphyseal plate
gives rise to the flat bones of the skull
is responsible for bone growth in diameter
occurs within the hyaline cartilage model
The prime function of OSTEOBLASTS is to
prevents osteocytes from forming
resorb bone along the epiphyseal plate
inhibit the growth of bone
be involved in the production salts and collagen fibers
The prime function of OSTEOCLASTS is to
prevent osteoblats from forming
breakdown bone
secrete calcium salts and collagen fibers
form compact bone
in a bone that is no longer growing, where would one be most likely to find an osteoclast?
under the periosteum
epiphyseal plate
articular cartilage
Volkmann's canal
Destruction and remolding of bone may occur (select all that applies)
as bones change shape during growth
as bones are subjected to varying patterns of stress
during and following the healing of fractures
when a bone is no longer growing
In the healing of bone fractures
a blood clot forms around the break
a callus is formed
both intramembranous and endochondral ossification are involved
the callus may eventually disappear
All descriptions of the body start with the assumption that the body is in the___________ position.
physiological
anatomical
directional
supine
Which orientation terms have opposite meanings?
superficial and proximal
distal and proximal
medial and distal
posterior and intermediate
The_______________ plane divides the body into right and left.
horizontal
transverse
coronal
sagittal
Which term refers to structures that are found on the same side of the body?
bilateral
ipsilateral
horizontal
contralateral
The transverse plane divides the body
diagonally.
vertically, into front and back portions.
horizontally.
vertically, into left and right portions.
Proximal is defined as
away from the middle.
closest to the middle.
farthest from the center.
nearest to the point of attachment.
________________ is the anterior side, whereas_____________ is the posterior side.
Ventral; posterior
Dorsal; ventral
Ventral; dorsal
Anterior; dorsal
When the body is divided into front and back halves, the front half of the body is the
anterior.
inferior.
posterior.
superior.
The term "medial" refers to a position on the body that is
farther away from the midline.
farther away from the midaxillary line.
closer to the midaxillary line.
closer to the midline.
The knees are_______________ to the head.
posterior
anterior
superior
inferior
Which is NOT a component of the skeletal system?
bones
ligaments and tendons
cartilage
muscles
Which best describes the function of your RIBCAGE?
support of the body
protection of soft organs
storage of minerals and fats
blood cell formation
Bones that are roughly as long as they are wide are called
long bones
short bones
irregular bones
flat bones
Which is NOT a long bone?
radius
humerus
tibia
carpals
Which bone group typically is made of spongy bone surrounded by a thin layer compact bone?
long bones
short bones
irregular bones
flat bones
Red bone marrow is responsible for
hematopoiesis
bone remodelling
growth ad repair
production of fat
Yellow bone marrow is responsible for
hematopoiesis.
bone remodelling.
growth and repair.
production of fat.
What type of bone is shown in areas C and E?
spongy
compact
What is the purpose of articular cartilage?
covers the ends of long bones
prevents two bones from rubbing on each other at a joint
supports a tendon or ligament
provides a structure for new bone growth
Mature bone cells that live in tiny cavities within the bone are called?
osteocytes
osteoblasts
osteoclasts
osteons
What part of the long bone is found on the ends and contains the red marrow?
spongy bone
compact bone
After the boney callus is formed when a bone heals, the next step is...
the bone then becomes inflammed
the bone is 100% healed
the bone begins to remodel
the bone doesn't form a callus
Which lists the steps of bone repair in order?
hematoma forms; callus formation; bone material is laid down; bone material is remodeled
callus forms; hematoma forms; bone material laid down; bone material remodelled
bone material laid down; bone material remodeled; callus forms; hematoma forms
What is the place where two bones meet?
Ball and socket
Ligaments
Tendons
Joint
If your body were a tall building, your skeleton would be?
Beams and joints that hold it up
Apartments and offices inside it
Plumbing and electrical systems
Foundation that anchors it to ground
The following are the functions of the skeleton EXCEPT?
Protection
Movement
Body shape
Circulation of blood
The spine is made up of ________ vertebrae.
206
26
14
8
This material is in our ears and nose and can bend without breaking.
Blood
Bones
Smooth muscles
Cartilage
Which function of the skeletal system would be especially important if you were in a car accident?
Fat storage
Storage of minerals
Facilitation of movement
Protection of internal organs
Most of the bones of the arms and hands are long bones; however, the bones in the wrist are categorized as ________.
Flat bones
Short bones
Irregular bones
Sesamoid bones
A fracture can be both ________.
Open and closed
Open and transverse
Transverse and greenstick
Greenstick and comminuted
Each bone has a particular job. The job of the skull is to?
Protects the brain
Tells the brain what to do
Pumps blood to the brain
Helps the body to make decision
When calcium levels are too high or too low, which body system is primarily affected?
Digestive system
Endocrine system
Nervous system
Skeletal system
The smallest bone in the human body is the?
Mandible
Nose
Outer finger
Stapes
What is the largest joint in the human body?
Knee
Clavicle
Elbow
Neck
Humerus is the bone of the forearm.
True
False
The pectoral girdle connects the upper limb, whereas the pelvic girdle connects the lower limb to the axial skeleton.
True
False
Which of these is a sesamoid bone?
Patella
Radius
Tibia
Ulna
This is the ability of skeletal muscle wherein it recoils to its original resting length after it has been stretched
Contractility
Excitability
Extensibility
Elasticity
Striated and under voluntary control
Skeletal Muscle
Smooth Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
This is the connective tissue sheath that surrounds entire skeletal muscle
perimysium
endomysium
epimysium
muscle fascicles
This attaches your bone to bone
Tendons
Ligaments
Aponeurosis
It stores and release your neurotransmitters
Postsynaptic membrane
Synaptic Cleft
Synaptic vesicle
Presynaptic terminal
How do muscles receive their ability to move the body?
Muscular System
Nervous System
Skeletal System
Fascia that connects muscle to muscle is called______
Tendon
Deep Fascia
Aponeurosis
What is the name of the neurotransmitter released at a neuromuscular junction?
Calcium
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Troponin
What is the opposing muscle group for the biceps?
abdominals
triceps
deltoids
hamstrings
Which muscle contraction results from a high amount of Ca still remaining in the muscle
Treppe
Tetanus
Muscle Energy
Metabolism
What is the contractile unit of the muscle?
Z disk
Sarcomere
Muscle fiber
Muscle cell
What part of the muscle fiber stores Ca ions and releases them when stimulated?
T tubule
Sarcolemma
Nucleus
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
What is the name of the location where the neuron and muscle fiber meet?
Sarcoplasm
Sacolemma
Neuromuscular junction
Axon terminal
What is the name of the neurotransmitter that is released from the neuron to the sarcolemma?
Acetylcholine
Acetone
ATP
Calcium
Which of these occurs last during a muscle contraction?
The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction
Ach is released and opens Na ion channels
The sarcomere shortens
The myosin binds to the actin
Myofibrils are composed primarily of
actin and myosin
ATP and ADP
Troponin
Tropomyosin
The enzyme cholinesterase causes acetylcholine to
be secreted from the motor end plate.
form cross bridges.
bind to actin.
decompose.
What chemical helps to regenerate ATP?
acetylcholine
cholinsterase
creatine phosphate
ADP
