Which plant is likely to live in an area with mild summers or cool temperatures?

Broccoli can only be grown in Alabama in the early spring or sometimes late fall. Based on this information, you can deduce that broccoli is a ____________ plant.

Corn cannot be grown in Rhode Island in the spring. Based on this information, you can deduce that corn is a __________ plant.

Which type of plant is adapted to live in areas that are hot AND humid?

The first organisms on earth that were photosynthetic were ___________.

Most plants on earth are __________ plants.

What type of plant has the fewest stomata and only opens them at night?

What type of plant has evolved to survive in hot, arid (or dry) environments?

Which organism did all plants likely evolve from?

Which type(s) of plants open their stomata during the day? (Check all that apply.)

Which type(s) of plants perform the calvin cycle to turn carbon dioxide into the building blocks of sugars?

Enzymes that make or break down ATP are called____________.

In glycolysis, how many molecules of NADH are formed?

A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing; a biological catalyst

A temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate molecule(s).

The reactant on which an enzyme works; binds to the active site

The part of an enzyme or antibody where the chemical reaction occurs

An organic molecule that is a necessary participant in some enzymatic reactions; helps catalysis by donating or accepting electrons or functional groups; e.g., a vitamin, ATP, NAD+.

A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics.

A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to a location remote from the active site, changing its conformation so that it no longer binds to the substrate.

A site on an enzyme other than the active site, to which a specific substance binds, thereby changing the shape and activity of the enzyme.

Energy needed to get a reaction started

Metabolic pathways that break down molecules, releasing energy.

Metabolic pathways that requires energy to build larger molecules

A reaction that ABSORBS energy in the form of heat

A reaction that RELEASES energy in the form of heat

All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism to support or sustain its life

Hydrogen ion concentration in a solution; lower than 7 is acidic, 7 is neutral, and greater than 7 is basic

Loss of normal shape of a protein due to heat or other factor that typically results in a loss of function

A metabolic pathway is switched off by the inhibitory binding of its end product to an enzyme that acts early in the pathway.

A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast that is used to convert light energy into chemical energy

A stack of thylakoids in a chloroplast

The fluid-filled space of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane that is involved in the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water.

Reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH and O2; also called the electron transport chain

A sequence of electron carrier molecules (membrane proteins) that shuttle electrons during the redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP

A process for synthesizing ATP using the energy of an electrochemical gradient, or battery, to power the ATP synthase enzyme

Reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as glucose

Large protein enzymes that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group together to produce ATP

Plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen

The source of oxygen produced during photosynthesis

Source of carbon used to make glucose in the Calvin cycle

Process where oxygen and glucose are used to make ATP

An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs

Cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in the glucose in food into compounds like ATP that are more convenient for the cell to use

6CO2 (carbon dioxide) + 6H2O (water) +energy-------> C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2 (oxygen)

C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2 (oxygen) ---------> 6CO2 (carbon dioxide) + 6H2O (water) + energy (ATP)

A metabolic process that breaks down glucose through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and releases energy for the body in the form of ATP

Second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions; takes place in the matrix of the mitochondrion

2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2 NADH

6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 4 CO2, 2 ATP

glucose, ADP, NADP+

water, 34 ATP

ATP, NADPH, O2

Respiration that requires oxygen

Respiration that does not require oxygen

A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without an electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end product, such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.

Oxidation of one molecule is always accompanied by the reduction of another; oxidation is the loss of electrons while reduction is the gain of electrons (OIL RIG);Electrons are often transferred as hydrogen atoms

Starts light dependent reactions

Starts light independent reactions

Chlorophyll appears to be green because chlorophyll absorbs __________

A black object absorbs ___________.