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WorksheetsSpring Final Review
Total questions: 70
Worksheet time: 3hrs 8mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partiaal strand
ATG TGA CAG
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
2.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
3.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
4.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose and phosphate
5.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
twisted ladder
d)
hydrogen bond
6.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
7.
Nucleotides are made up of a sugar, phosphate, and..?
a)
nitrogenous base
b)
nucleic acid
c)
cholesterol
d)
fatty acid
8.
When an extra base is inserted into the DNA sequence of a gene, the protein doesn't work. Which explains why?
a)
the base increases rate of translation
b)
the base causes DNA to be transcribed in opposite direction
c)
the inserted base causes the codons in the sequence to be incorrect for the desired protein
d)
the base signals enzymes to translate DNA rather than RNA
9.
The process by which all organisms change slowly over time because of slight gene variations is called
a)
natural selection
b)
artificial selection
c)
evolution
d)
gene pool
10.
An inherited characteristic that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its specific environment is called (n)
a)
vestigial structure
b)
adaptation
c)
speciation
d)
analagous structure
11.
How well an organism survives and reproduces in its environment can be described as its
a)
fitness
b)
homologies
c)
common descent
d)
analogies
12.
Which of the following conditions are necessary for natural selection to occur?
a)
overproduction of offspring
b)
variation within a population
c)
struggle for existence
d)
all of the above
13.
Whales are aquatic mammals that contain a pelvis bone. Even though it does not aid in its movement, the function must have been used by a common ancestor of the whale. Thus, the pelvis is referred to as a(n)
a)
vestigial structure
b)
analogous structure
c)
homologous structure
14.
The combined genetic information of all members of a particular population forms a
a)
gene pool
b)
niche
c)
phenotype
d)
population
15.
The number of times an allele occurs in a gene pool compared to the total number of times all alleles for the same gene occur is called a(n)
a)
allele frequency
b)
genotype
c)
polygenic trait
d)
genetic drift
16.
A random change in a small population's allele frequency is known as
a)
a gene pool
b)
genetic drift
c)
variation
d)
fitness
17.
In genetic drift, like the Bottleneck Effect, the allele frequencies in a gene pool change because of
a)
mutations
b)
chance
c)
isolation
d)
genetic equilibrium
18.
The type of genetic drift that follows the colonization of a new habitat by a small group of individuals is called
a)
the Hardy-Weinburg principle
b)
the founder effect
c)
directional selection
d)
the bottleneck effect
19.
A large area that has a particular climate, particular plants and particular animals is a
a)
ecology
b)
biome
c)
ecosystem
d)
biosphere
20.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms.
d)
How carnivores get their food.
21.
The nonliving aspects of an ecosystem.
a)
Abiotic factors
b)
Biotic factors
22.
Water temperature would be an example of ...
a)
A biotic factor
b)
An abiotic factor
23.
How many alleles (letters) does a child get from each parent for each trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
24.
Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
25.
What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
26.
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
a)
A
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
aa
27.
Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?
a)
Bb
b)
BB
c)
bb
d)
B
28.
In a pedigree, what shape represents a male?
a)
circle
b)
square
c)
triangle
d)
diamond
29.
Based only on the sex chromosomes in typical human egg and sperm cells at fertilization, the probability of producing a female is
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
90%
30.
What would the genotype be for this Punnett Square? B is dominant for brown hair.
a)
2Bb, 2bb
b)
2BB, 2Bb
c)
1BB, 2Bb, 1bb
d)
4Bb
31.
R=round seed
r=wrinkled seed.
Cross a homozygous round with a wrinkled by creating a punnett square. Which statement predicts the results?
r=wrinkled seed.
Cross a homozygous round with a wrinkled by creating a punnett square. Which statement predicts the results?
a)
offspring will be heterozygous
b)
offspring will be homozygous dominant
c)
round seeds will be recessive to wrinkled
d)
Wrinkled will be observed in half of offspring
32.
Which statement correctly describes meiosis?
a)
cells divide only once
b)
meiosis does not occur in reproductive cells
c)
the cells produced at the end of meiosis are genetically identical to the parent cell
d)
The cells produced at the end of meiosis contain half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
33.
What are the possible genotypes for this cross?
a)
TT = 25% Tt= 50% tt=25%
b)
all tall
c)
TT= 75% tt = 25%
d)
Tt = 100%
34.
A couple has two children, both of whom are girls. What is the likelihood that their 3rd child will be a girl?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
35.
What type of inheritance do two alleles have if their traits blend together?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
c)
Mendelian Inheritance
d)
Homozygous Inheritance
36.
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co dominance
c)
Independent assortment
d)
Recessive inheritance
37.
Snap dragon color is a incomplete dominant trait. A red flower (RR) is crossed with white flower (rr)? What color are flowers that are Rr?
a)
Red
b)
Red and White
c)
White
d)
Pink
38.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
39.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
40.
What do half colored symbols represent?
a)
The individual is a carrier.
b)
The individual expresses the trait.
c)
The individual has both recessive alleles.
d)
The individual has both dominant alleles.
41.
During meiosis, homologous chromosomes can exchange DNA in a process known as
a)
crossing over
b)
replication
c)
cytokinesis
d)
internal fertilization
42.
What do we call the process of copying DNA?
a)
transciption
b)
translation
c)
replication
d)
redundancy
43.
A human cell has ____ chromosomes.
a)
23
b)
42
c)
44
d)
46
44.
Cancer is a disorder in which cells have lost their ability to control their
a)
size
b)
growth rate
c)
spindle fibers
d)
surface area
45.
How many types of RNA are there?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
46.
The anticodon is located on
a)
DNA
b)
mRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
rRNA
47.
Where does DNA replication take place?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Ribosome
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Golgi Body
48.
Structures that no longer serve a purpose.
a)
Homologous structures
b)
gene pool
c)
population
d)
Vestigial structures
49.
Physical separation of a population, leading to speciation.
a)
reproductive isolation
b)
geographic isolation
c)
speciation
d)
gene pool
50.
A chance occurrence that negatively affects a population because the population is small.
a)
genetic drift
b)
mutation
c)
speciation
d)
migration
51.
The first step in DNA replication is
a)
two new strands of DNA are completely reproduced
b)
DNA polymerase attaches to each strand and adds the complementary bases
c)
the DNA helicase unwinds the double helix, breaking the hydrogen bonds between the bases
d)
the complimentary strands ar e checked for errors and repairs are made
52.
The entire sequence of nucleotides that specifies the amino acid sequence of a protein is called
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
the genetic code
d)
gene expression
53.
Under which circumstance could a well-adapted species become poorly adapted?
a)
when the environment
changes faster than new adaptations can evolve
b)
when a successful
population exceeds their carrying capacity in the environment
c)
when a well-adapted species
becomes reproductively isolated
d)
when a species can no
longer interbreed and produce fertile offspring
54.
Why are mutations in body cells not a source of genetic variation?
a)
They are not passed on to offspring
b)
They do not produce dominant traits
c)
They always result in the death of the individual
d)
They do not affect the phenotype
55.
What happens during “crossing over”?
a)
chromosomes get pulled to
different sides of the cell
b)
a body cell divides
c)
half of the chromatids get
lost
d)
pieces of chromosomes from
father and mother are exchange
56.
In goats, a recessive gene causes the goats to "faint" when they are startled. A farmer breeds two goats (that have never fainted) and their first offspring faints two days after its birth. What must the parent's genotypes have been?
a)
Both homozygous recessive
b)
Both heterozygous
c)
Both homozygous dominant
d)
One heterozygous and one homozygous
57.
What is the structure labeled with an X?
a)
amino acid
b)
anticodon
c)
codon
d)
polypeptide
58.
Which amino acid would be synthesized given the DNA sequence GTA?
a)
Histidine
b)
Valine
c)
Threonine
d)
Methionine
59.
Which amino acid would be synthesized given the DNA sequence CAC?
a)
Valine
b)
Histidine
c)
Lysine
d)
Aspartate
60.
What is the function of transcription?
a)
To make a copy of mRNA that can take the instructions of DNA to the ribosome
b)
To make a new copy of DNA for a new cell that will be produced during mitosis
c)
To join together amino acids at the ribosome to make proteins
d)
To divide germ cells into four haploid cells for reprodcution
61.
1 and 2
a)
mitochondria
b)
nucleus
c)
ribosome
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
62.
#4 is
a)
anticodons
b)
codons
c)
ribosomes
d)
amino acids
63.
#5 is
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
DNA
d)
anticodons
64.
#7 is
a)
polypeptide chain
b)
mRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
ribosome
65.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA
a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
66.
Colorblindness is a recessive, X chromosome sex-link disorder. If dad is normal and mom is a carrier, cross the parents to figure out which percentage of their boys will be colorblind.
a)
25%
b)
0%
c)
75%
d)
50%
67.
Which way do the arrows go in a food chain?
a)
From what is eating to what is eaten
b)
From largest organism to the smallest
c)
From what is eaten to what eats it
d)
From the smallest organism to the largest
68.
If the population of prey increases, the population of predators will ________because of the availability of food.
a)
decrease
b)
stay the same
c)
increase
69.
A population that has reached the largest number of individuals that the environment can support over a long period of time
a)
has no limiting factors
b)
contains only top consumers
c)
has reached its carrying capacity
d)
has changed from a food chain to a food web
70.
Primary productivity is
a)
How much biomass the consumers in an area are consuming
b)
How much biomass the consumers in an area are releasing
c)
How much biomass the producers in an area are laying down
d)
How much biomass the producers and consumers in an area are laying down
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